内容发布更新时间 : 2024/5/18 8:48:59星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

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太原五中2019—2020学年度第一学期阶段性检测

高 三 英 语

出题人、校题人：宋向军、张晓佳、申玲、王芳 (2019.9.5)

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

We all want to learn something new every day. However, most of us get wrapped up in busy distractions throughout the day so that we can never find the time to learn the new skill we want. Luckily, there is a better solution. Instead of using our time to sit through long lectures, we can take advantage of all the amazing websites that can help us learn a new skill in 30 minutes or less. ·Skillshare

Topics: design, software tools, photograph, cooking

Ten dollars per month gets you access to bite-sized, on-demand courses taught by leading experts like Gary Vaynerchuk, Guy Kawasaki, and more. ·Ryre

Topics: foreign languages

Are you “too busy” to learn a language? Meet Ryre, your personal trainer for languages. Get unlimited one-on-one private language lessons with professional teachers around the world. Each lesson is just 30 minutes, allowing you to fit learning a language into your busy lifestyle. You can try it free for 14-days and see for yourself. ·Hackaday

Topics: life hacks, productivity

This website delivers tips to make your life better and more productive. Just 5 minutes a day is all you need to learn new life hacks to improve your lifestyle. ·7-min

Topics: health & fitness

Most of us aren’t in the shape that we want to be because of the lack of time we have. Putting our workout clothes on, driving to the gym, and driving back can take up much of our time. However, in just 7 minutes, this website will go through dozens of routines to get you in shape and ready for the day ahead. ·Big Think

高三英语 第1页 (共12页) Topics: technology, science, life

Learn from the world’s experts about scientific breakthroughs, revolutionary business concepts, and more in short, chunk-sized videos.

1. Which of the following skills takes the longest time for each lesson? A. Foreign languages. B. Life hacks. C. Health & Fitness. D. Technology.

2. Which website can tell you how to work more effectively?

A. Skillshare. B. Hackaday. C. 7-min. D. Big Think. 3. Which is true about the websites mentioned in the text? A. They are free. B. They are expensive. C. They are instructive. D.They are meant for students.

B

Recently, I noticed that my three-year-old daughter Ula had difficulty seeing the pictures in her books. We took her to a doctor, and an hour later, I was told that she needed glasses.

Ula disagreed. The first pair had various pieces broken off them in less than a week, and subsequent (随后的) pairs went missing or were broken.

Ula needs glasses. With them, she can find food with her fork, put together puzzles, and enjoy her books. However, I am convinced that Ula came into our family with the purpose of teaching us the meaning of free will.

I received a letter from my friend recently that really drove this point home.

Marie and her husband both chose to give up their conventional careers, raising their daughters with no electrical items except lights and a radio. They managed to raise their family on a very low income, making ends meet through part-time work.

Both daughters were home-schooled, and completed college through distance learning programs.

Now ready to make her own path in life, the eldest, Angelica, is armed with many skills and grew up learning how to live on very little.

She found a boyfriend, and as the relationship progressed, the couple decided to move in together. Eventually, Angelica began questioning the value of her unique lifestyle, and then the young man urged her to “get a real job”.

Fully aware that similar struggles might lie in Ula’s future, I shared my friend’s worry in wondering what her daughter would do.

We all try to raise our children with the skills to require little from others, and to honor their heart, relationships, and creativity.

But as Ula has taught me, there’s little we can do if our kids refuse our guidance. We

高三英语 第2页 (共12页)

must know that we’ve shown our children that they don’t have to choose the same path as everyone else. We must know in our hearts that we have lived our ideals, which we have demonstrated is possible in a way that is true to our souls. The rest is up to them.

And that seems to have worked in Marie’s case. Just before moving in with her boyfriend, Angelica spent two weeks considering his “get a real job” suggestion. Then she ended the relationship.

4. What can we learn from the first three paragraphs? A. Ula didn’t feel like wearing glasses. B. Ula enjoyed playing with her glasses.

C. The author has learned the significance of freedom. D. The author got angry when Ula damaged her glasses. 5. How was Angelica brought up? A. She grew up in a rich family. B. Her parents were strict with her.

C. Her parents taught her how to live a simple life. D. She was expected to take a conventional job.

6. Angelica broke up with her boyfriend probably because_________. A. her parents strongly advised her to

B. they had different education experiences C. she was dissatisfied with his life skills D. she preferred to stick to her own lifestyle

7. The author wrote this article mainly to ________.

A. tell parents that they should respect their kids’ free will B. explore ways to deal with kids refusing guidance C. show that the way one is raised has strong effects D. encourage people to take different paths from others

C

Have you ever said to a friend “That rose’s scent is really sweet!”, only to find that your friend can’t smell anything at all?

According to a study published in the journal PNAS in May, people have different abilities to detect certain odors (气味) — and it is linked to different genes.

For the study, 300 people were placed among 150 jars with different odors. At a given time, they had to smell an odor and then rate the intensity and pleasantness of the odor on a scale from 1 (extremely weak / unpleasant) to 7 (extremely strong / pleasant). Before they left, the participants needed to leave a blood sample.

After comparing genes of the participants, researchers found all had different smelling abilities and that the differences between these abilities could be traced to certain

genes.

According to The New York Times, human beings have nearly 400 genes that directly control olfactory (嗅觉的) receptor (受体) and influence the way these receptor become active.

“Odors... turn on specific detectors, and this pattern of activation (触发) tells us if we are smelling a flower, how strong we find it, and whether we like it,” said Casey Trimmer, a geneticist and the lead author of the study. “One small change in the gene for the receptor can change its shape and how well the odor fits, thereby changing perception of the odor.”

Though genes play a crucial role in our ability to smell, other factors, including interest, past associations and expectations, are important as well. For example, if we love the scent of roses, we are drawn to their scent and pay special attention to it.

But what does our different abilities to detect odors mean?

“Olfaction is the most important sense for the rest of the animal kingdom,” said Trimmer. Although, unlike other animals, humans aren’t any longer dependent on their sense of smell to find food or detect danger, smell is still a significant sense. There is also evidence that a reduced sense of smell is an early symptom of Alzheimer’s disease. 8. What did the study find about smelling?

A. Men and women have different smelling abilities. B. Differences between smelling abilities lie in the genes. C. Human beings can tell 150 odors apart.

D. People’s abilities to smell change over time. 9. What is Trimmer’s message?

A. Our receptors turn off when we smell an unpleasant smell. B. People’s preferences for smells can affect their health.

C. Small changes in the gene for smelling can make a big difference. D. The sense of smell is the most important human sense.

10. According to the text, which might influence our smelling abilities? a. other senses b. the environment c. past experiences d. attention

A. ab B. bc C. bd D. cd 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Human beings have a better sense of smell than other animals. B. Smell is still an important sense in detecting danger. C. The loss of sense of smell causes many health problems. D. Poor smelling ability may be an early sign of some disease.

D

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First the robots came for our jobs. Now they are coming for our hobbies. Google’s DeepMind AI lab has been busy in the past few years, creating programs to take on human players across a variety of games. In 2016 its AIphaGo beat the best of Go player in the world. Earlier this year, its Alpha Star defeated two middle-tier players at the popular online game StarCraft II. Now it is learning to win at multi-player games.

“Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at two-player games, but most real-world endeavors require teamwork,” DeepMind’s researchers wrote in a paper published in Science in June.

To be sure, computers have been proving their dominance over humans in one-on-one turn-based games such as chess ever since IBM’s Deep Blue beat Russian chess master Garry Kasparov in 1997.

However, successfully using teamwork to win in multi-player games with complex environments was difficult to achieve.

For this purpose, DeepMind’s researchers designed AI agents that taught themselves how to play first-person game Quake III Arena. The team, led by Max Jaderberg, worked on a modified version of Quake III Arena.

The game mode they chose was “Capture (抢) the Flag”. All the players must work together to steal the other team’s flag while safeguarding their own.

The AI agents “trained” with 12 hours of game data, and then matched up against professional game testers. The programmers used various kinds of “rewards” to help the AI players weigh their goals and actions to help them cooperate in the teamwork. They also used randomized maps for each new match. The AI won 75 percent of the time, even when its reaction time artificially slowed down to human levels and when their aiming ability was similarly reduced.

“That means the solutions that the agents find have to be general—they cannot just memorize a sequence of actions,” said co-author Wojciech Czarnecki.

The only time humans were able to beat AI agents was when they teamed up together. A team consisting of one human and one AI agent had a five percent greater win probability than a team of just AI agents.

Ethan Gach said at the video game news website Kotaku, “It suggests that the AI program is able to well adapt to playing with non-AI teammates.” In the near future, AI may cooperate with human beings in some other fields, such as medicine and other branches of science.

12. What might be the tough task for AI agents in multi-player games? A. Understanding the rules.

B. Cooperating with other players. C. Memorizing complex actions. D. Increasing reaction speed.

高三英语 第5页 (共12页) 13. What does the underlined word “dominance” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Balance. B. Adaptation. C. Control. D. Advantage. 14. How did the researchers of Google’s DeepMind train AI agents? A. They gave various “punishments” when AI agents lost the games. B. They made AI agents team up with amateur human players. C. They limited the time for AI agents to complete difficult tasks. D. They put them through different games with various tasks. 15. What can we infer from the passage?

A. AI players perform better than humans in a team game. B. AI programs should be offered more game data. C. AI program is able to do well with human players.

D. AI programs have been successfully applied in the field of medicine.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Clean eating does not have an official definition, but it basically means that you avoid processed (加工过的) and packaged foods and prefer foods that are in their natural state. 16 . Then how to start clean eating?

Focus on fruits and vegetables. The basis of a clean eating plan should be whole, unprocessed fruits and vegetables. Try to buy fresh fruits and vegetables whenever possible. Include 1 or 2 servings of veggies or fruits with every meal. 17 , you can purchase pre-washed and cut fresh produce. Frozen produce is also a good option because it is minimally processed. It may even be higher in nutrients than some fresh produce.

Incorporate 2 to 3 servings of whole grains each day. Whole grains should make up the majority of your starches (淀粉质食物) since they contain more fiber and nutrients than white grains. 18 . Replace these foods with whole grain options, such as whole wheat bread, and brown rice. Other good sources of whole grain include barley, quinoa, amaranth, and oats.

19 . Protein helps to keep you feeling full for longer than carbs or fats, so make sure to get 2 to 3 servings of lean protein per day. All or most of the meals you eat should have 1 serving of lean protein. Non-meat sources of protein include tofu, tempeh, lentils, beans, nuts, and seeds.

Include healthy fat sources properly. Fat helps with satiety (饱足), but too much fat will increase your overall caloric intake. Keep your servings of fattening foods to no more than 3 servings daily.

20 . As water is essential to a clean eating plan, so make sure that you are drinking at least eight glasses of water daily. Drink water with your meals and between

高三英语 第6页 (共12页)