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Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \ogical lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \built\ct near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \hool of vocational education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attenton to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a电势、电势能练习题

1．如图6－2－10所示，在一匀强电场区域中，有A、B、C、D四点恰好位于一平行四边形的四个顶点上，已知A、B、C三点电势分别为φA＝1 V，φB＝4 V，φC＝0，则D点电势φD的大小为( ) A．－3 V C．2 V

B．0 D．1 V

2．某电场的电场线分布如图6－2－11所示，以下说法正确的是( ) A．c点场强大于b点场强 B．a点电势高于b点电势

C．若将一试探电荷＋q由a点释放，它将沿电场线运动到b点

D．若在d点再固定一点电荷－Q，将一试探电荷＋q由a移至b的过程中，电势能减小 3．如图6－2－12中虚线表示等势面，相邻两等势面间的电势差相等，有一带正电的小球在电场中运动，实线表示该小球的运动轨迹．小球在a点的动能等于20 eV，运动到b点时的动能等于2 eV.若取c点为零势点，则当这个带电小球的电势能等于－6 eV时(不计重力和空气阻力)，它的动能等于( ) A．16 eV C．6 eV

B．14 eV D．4 eV

4．如图6－2－13所示，绝缘杆两端固定带电小球A和B，轻杆处于水平向右的匀强电场中，不考虑两球之间的相互作用．初始时杆与电场线垂直，将杆右移的同时顺时针转过90°，发现A、B两球电势能之和不变，根据如图给出的位置关系，下列说法正确的是( ) A．A一定带正电，B一定带负电

B．A、B两球带电量的绝对值之比qA∶qB＝1∶2 C．A球电势能一定增加

D．电场力对A球和B球都不做功

5．三个点电荷电场的电场线分布如图6－2－15所示，图中a、b两点处的场强大小分别为Ea、Eb，电势分别为φa、φb，则( ) A．Ea＞Eb，φa＞φb C．Ea＞Eb，φa＜φb

B．Ea＜Eb，φa＜φb D．Ea＜Eb，φa＞φb

6．在静电场中，将一正电荷从a点移到b点，电场力做了负功，则( ) A．b点的电场强度一定比a点大 B．电场线方向一定从b指向a C．b点的电势一定比a点高 D．该电荷的动能一定减小

Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \ogical lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \built\ct near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \onal education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created a7. 在地面上方空间有方向未知的匀强电场，一带电量为－q的小球以某一初速度由M点沿如图6－2－16所示的轨迹运动到N点(忽略小球所受空气阻力)．由此可知( ) A．小球所受的电场力一定大于重力

B．小球的动能、电势能和重力势能之和保持不变 C．小球的机械能保持不变 D．小球的动能一定减小

8．如图所示，真空中有两个等量异种点电荷A、B，M、N、O是AB连线的垂线上的点，且AO>OB.一带负电的试探电荷仅受电场力作用，运动轨迹如图中实线所示，设M、N两点的场强大小分别为EM、EN，电势分别为φM、φN.下列判断中正确的是( )

A．B点电荷一定带正电 B．EMφN

D．此试探电荷在M处的电势能小于N处的电势能

9．两个等量异种点电荷位于x轴上，相对原点对称分布，正确描述电势φ随位置x变化规律的是图( )

10．如图6－2－19所示，在粗糙程度相同的斜面上固定一点电荷Q，在M点无初速度地释放带有恒定电荷的小物块，小物块在Q的电场中沿斜面运动到N点静止，则从M到N的过程中( )

A．M点的电势一定高于N点的电势 B．小物块的电势能可能增加

C．小物块电势能变化量的大小一定等于克服摩擦力做的功 D．小物块和点电荷Q一定是同种电荷

11．如图6－2－20所示，虚线a、b、c为三个同心圆面，圆心处有一个点电荷．现从b、c之间一点P以相同的速率发射两个带电粒子，分别沿PM、PN运动到M、N点，M、N两点都处于圆周c上，以下判断正确的是( ) A．到达M、N时两粒子速率仍相等 B．到达M、N时两粒子速率vM＞vN C．到达M、N时两粒子的电势能相等

Pushing ahead, East, North, West development, facilitating shanty, complete xincheng West Road, stability and reconstruction of the street, Star Ding garden built century Garden District, subject public housing construction, heating the gas expansion accelerated implementation, Jing Rui River and bridge style line solid shaft, further expanded the town development. Beautiful country adhere to the advance and typical for a group to lead. According to \ogical lay based, and industry increased income, and live upgrade civilization, and culture rich connotation\caught built beautiful village, and whole village advance, and easily relocation, and \built\ct near 30 a; depth into ecological, and industry, and culture, and tourism, elements, high standards caught party original city Liu, and jade are Xia AO, model village, in province City set has benchmark. Four is equal benefits to promote sharing, coordinated development of various social undertakings. In the case of rigid spending slowing revenue growth, increase, financial 75% to the people's livelihood, the masses have more access in the sharing. Cuoban something good and benefit. Adhere to the affordable, best, carefully cuoban village oil, water and heat, cultural, city and County columns practical, developments benefit families, bring more welfare to the masses. Development of social convenience. Acceptance of balanced development of compulsory education through the national assessment, the County vocational education center was named \onal education in China\batch of national reform and development model through provincial ... Five is to deepen reform and innovation to break bottlenecks and endogenous development of effective fire. As an engine of dynamism, adding reform key to adopting reform measures stress energy and break bottlenecks and promoting development. Pay close attention to the key areas of reform. Conscientiously implement the provincial deployment and cancel, adjustment, to undertake the administrative approval items according to Regulation 347 to further improve administrative efficiency continuing deepening reform for poverty alleviation, speeding up rural land right registration certification pilot project, encouraging the orderly transfer of land management, utilize the land resources, in order to promote scale management laid the Foundation. Actively cultivate the market. Firmly establish a market-oriented, nurturing family farms, industrial users, professional cooperation organization new market management main body 456, effectively improve the industry, intensive and marketization of encouraging support social capital into the small micro-credit, urban development, culture and tourism, public services and other areas, easing development shortfall. To promote mass innovation. o support the rural sector to use new thinking and new ideas, creative work incentives such as actively promoting financial intermediation, bring added 159 in non public enterprises, individually-1540, created aD．两个粒子的电势能都是先减小后增大

12．如图6－2－21所示表示某静电场等势面的分布，电荷量为1.6×109C的正电荷从A经B、C到达D点．从A到D，电场力对

－

电荷做的功为( ) A．4.8×108J

－

B．－4.8×108J

－

C．8.0×108J

－D．－8.0×108J

－

13．如图6－2－22所示，在两等量异种点电荷的电场中，MN为两电荷连线的中垂线，a、b、c三点所在直线平行于两电荷的连线，且a与c关于MN对称，b点位于MN上，d点位于两电荷的连线上．以下判断正确的是( ) A．b点场强大于d点场强 B．b点场强小于d点场强

C．a、b两点间的电势差等于b、c两点间的电势差 D．试探电荷＋q在a点的电势能小于在c点的电势能

14．水平面上有一边长为L的正方形，其a、b、c三个顶点上分别固定了三个等量的正点电荷Q，将一个电荷量为＋q的点电荷分别放在正方形中心点O点和正方形的另一个顶点d点处，两处相比，下列说法正确的是( ) A．q在d点所受的电场力较大 B．q在d点所具有的电势能较大 C．d点的电势高于O点的电势 D．q在两点所受的电场力方向相同

15．如图6－2－14为光滑绝缘水平的直线轨道，在轨道的竖直平面内加一个斜向上方的匀强电场．有一质量为1.0×102kg、带电量为＋1.0×104C的可视为质点的物块，从轨道上的

－

－

A点无初速度释放，沿直线运动0.2 m到达轨道上的B点，此时速度为2 m/s.(g取10 m/s2)求：

(1)A、B两点间的电势差UAB. (2)场强大小可能的取值范围．

16．如图6－2－24所示，在足够长的光滑绝缘水平直线轨道上方h高度的P点，固定电荷量为＋Q的点电荷．一质量为m、带电荷量为＋q的物块(可视为质点)，从轨道上的A点以初速度v0沿轨道向右运动，当运动到P点正下方B点时速度为v.已知点电荷产生的电场在A点的电势为φ(取无穷远处电势为零)，PA连线与水平轨道的夹角为60°，试求：

(1)物块在A点时受到轨道的支持力大小； (2)点电荷＋Q产生的电场在B点的电势．