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英语词汇学试题

Introduction and Chapter 1

Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary（练习1）

I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.

1. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct.

A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root

2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.

A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.

A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.

A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects

A. situation B. context C. time D. place

6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.

A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.

A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.

A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.

A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.

A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman

11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words

12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but

are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.

A. common B. little C. slight D. great

13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.

A. new B. old C. bad D. good

14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.

A. content B. notional C. empty D. new

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.

16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _____of words.

17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.

18. English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, ______,etymology, stylistics, ________.

19. There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.

20. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.

A B

21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail 22. Collocbility( ) B. aught 23. Jargon( ) C. por 24. Argot ( ) D. upon 25.Notional words( ) E. hypo 26. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart 27. Aliens ( ) G. man 28. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip 29. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh 30. Empty words ( ) J. emir

IV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.

31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )

33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( ) 35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( ) 37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( ) 39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( ) V. Define the following terms.

41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loans VI. Answer the following Questions

46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples. 47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples. 48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples. VII. Analyze and comment on the following.

49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.

earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.

50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.

Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece, port, shirt

Key to Exercises:

1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B

11.D12.A13.A14.B15.C

I. II. III.

16.meanings17.morphological,

lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabulary

21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.D 31. the basic word stock; productivity

32. the basic word stock; collocability 33.the basic word stock; argot 34.nonbasic word stock; slang 35. nonbasic word stock; jargon 36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology 37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words 38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms 39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms 40. the basic word stock; polysemy V-----VI. (see the course book)

VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, five

Functional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.

50. Denizens: port, shirt, Aliens: bazaar, kowtow

Translation-loans: lama, masterpiece Semantic-loans:dream, pioneer

historical,

usages

18.

semantics,