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（一）语法

直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。 例如：She said, \→ She said that she was very happy to help you.

2. 直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导。 例如： He asked me, \→ He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.

注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。

例如： She asked me whether he could do it or not.

3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如： My sister asked me, \→ My sister asked me how I liked the film.

4. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。

例如： The captain ordered, \→ The captain ordered us to be quiet.

注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。 My teacher asked me, \→ My teacher asked me not to laugh. 5. 一些注意事项

(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。 例如： He asked Lucy, \→ He asked Lucy where she went. Tom said, \→ Tom asked Ann what she wanted.

(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。 例如： They told their son, \→ They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.

(3)直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如： He said, \

(4)→ He said that he hadn't seen her that day. 注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化 （一）指示代词的变化

this that these those （二）时间状语的变化

now then ago before / earlier today that day yesterday the day before this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc. tomorrow the following/next day the day after tomorrow in two days’ time

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the day before yesterday two days before / earlier next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc. last week/month the week /month before （二）

直接引语变间接引语练习题

1．He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She asked me, “Is this book yours or his?” 3．The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?” 4．She said, “He will be busy.”

5．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”

6．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 7．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”

8．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 9．He said, “We are still students.”

10．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”

11．He said, “I have studied English since 2000.” 12．I said to him, “I have finished it.”

13．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”

14．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Jane?” the young man asked.

15．“I have gotten the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 16．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 17．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 18．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother. 单项选择

1. He asked ________ for the computer.

A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid

2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. →He asked me _______. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film

C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window.

A. said to; to close B. told to; closing

C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. →He said _________.

A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher

5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He _____- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was

6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked ________.

A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you

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B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.

7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” →He asked me _________.

A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member

D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.

8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along

9. He asked me ________ with me.

A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. what’s the matter D. what was the matter 10. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don’t do C. told me; don’t do D. told me; not to do 11. He asked me _________.

A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help me to do it D. how it happened

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