(完整)人教版英语八年级下册Unit1知识点,推荐文档 下载本文

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Unit 1 A

1.advice n. 建议,忠告,劝告

(1)advice是不可数名词,表示“一条建议”“两条建议”“一些建议”可用: a piece of advice;two piece of advice;some advice

(2)advice作名词时的常用搭配: ①ask sb. for advice征询某人的建议

②give sb. some advice= give some advice to sb.给某人提出一些建议 ③give advice on sth.在某方面给出建议

④take (follow) one’s advice接受某人的建议

e.g. He often gives us some advice.=He often gives some advice to us. 他经常给我们一些建议。

★例题:Your ______ is very helpful. I guess I’ll take it.

A. secret B. advice C. promise D. purpose

答案:B 秘密;建议;承诺;目标。由下句“我想我会采纳。”可知“你的建议很有用”。

2.What’s the matter?怎么了?

(1)该句用来询问对方所遇到的麻烦,或医生及护士询问病人身体情况,常与with连用,后跟sb./sth.,意为“某人或某物怎么了?” e.g.——What’s the matter (with you)? (你)怎么了?

——I lost my pen./I have a cold. 我把我的钢笔弄丢了。/我感冒了。

(2)“(你)怎么了?”各种常见表达: What’s the matter (with you)? =What’s the trouble (with you)? =What’s the problem(with you)?

=What’s wrong (with you)?=What’s up? =What happened?

★例题:——Nick is not at school. _______?

——He has a cold.

A. Who’s that B. What’s the matter C. How old is he D. How much is it 答案:B 句意:——Nick没来上学。怎么回事? ——他感冒了。

①此类句型中,matter,problem前需加定冠词the,trouble前可加the或形容词性物主代词;wrong是形容词,其前不加任何修饰词。

②此类句型中,what即为句子主语,本身构成陈述语序,故当句子以宾语从句身份出现时,不可将be移至the matter/trouble/problem之后。

3.have a stomachache胃疼

(1)have +a(n)+名词,表示患某种病

e.g. have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼

have a fever发烧 have a headache头疼 拓展:sore与pain也可用于表示疾病的短语

e.g. have a sore throat(back/knee…)嗓子疼(背疼/膝盖疼…) have a pain in the back(foot/knee…)背疼(脚疼/膝盖疼)

(2)stomachache可数名词,意为“胃疼;腹疼”,是由名词stomach(胃;腹部)加ache(疼痛)构成的复合名词。 “身体部位+ache”构成疾病名称

headache头疼 toothache牙疼 backache背疼 ★例题:——Mom,I _____.

——I’m sorry to hear that,dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.

A. have a headache B. have a stomachache C. have a toothache 答案:C 由下文“dentist”可知孩子牙疼。

4.foot n. 脚

foot作为可数名词用,其复数形式是feet。

e.g. This kind of animal has four feet.这种动物有四只脚。

(1)与foot变复数的变化形式相似的词还有:tooth-teeth牙齿 goose-geese鹅 (2)on foot步行,固定短语,相当于walk。

e.g. We came here on foot.=We walked here.我们走着来这儿的。

5.fever n. 发烧

e.g. Tom has a fever.汤姆发烧了。

(1)have a fever=have a temperature=run a fever发烧 e.g. I had a temperature last night.昨晚我发烧了。

★例题:Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _____. A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever

答案:D 由上文“南希量了一下体温”可知发现她发烧了。

(2)拓展:have a high temperature/fever发高烧

6.lie v. 躺,平躺 (1)lie的各种含义:

①lie v. 躺,位于,平放 lay-lain-lying e.g. You should lie down.你应该躺下。

His school lies in the north of the city.他的学校位于城北。 ②lie v. 说谎 lied-lied-lying e.g. He often lies.他经常说谎 ③lie n. 谎言 lies(复数)

e.g. He often tells lies.他经常说谎。

★例题:Look,there is a wallet _____ on the playground. A. lie B. lying C. lay D. lain

答案:B There be…doing sth.为固定句式,lie躺,位于,平放,其现在分词是lying。

(2)拓展:lay v. 下蛋,放置

e.g. The hens lay a lot of eggs every day.母鸡每天下很多蛋。 Please lay the table before dinner.饭前请摆好餐具。

7.rest v. & n. 放松;休息

(1)rest作及物动词,意为“使休息”,作不及物动词,意为“休息”。

e.g. You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一下你的眼睛。

I’m tired,and I want to rest.我累了,我想休息。

(2)rest也可以作名词,have/take a rest=have/take a break,意为“休息一下”。 e.g. Students have a rest/break after each lesson.学生们每节课后都休息一下。

8.feel v. 摸起来

(1)feel常用作系动词,其后跟形容词作表语。其主要用法有:

①表示某物摸起来给人的感觉,通常要以被摸之物作主语,不可用于进行时态。 e.g. Your hand feels cold.你的手摸起来很凉。 Silk feels soft and smooth.丝绸摸起来柔软平滑。

②表示某人的感觉,以人作主语,可用于进行时态。

e.g. I feel fine./I’m feeling fine.我感觉良好。/我现在感觉良好。

(2)归纳:常用的感官动词:feel摸起来,look看起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,smell闻起来。

(3)拓展:feel like +n. 意为“摸起来像…”

e.g. This wallet feels like leather.这个钱包摸起来像是皮的。 ★例题:This bed _____ soft and comfortable.

A. sounds B. tastes C. feels D. smells 答案:C 句意:这张床摸起来柔软而且舒服。

9.without prep. 没有,缺乏

(1)without后接名词、代词宾格或v.-ing作宾语,其反义词为with。 e.g. We got there without any trouble.

我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦。 Can you finish your homework without him? 没有他你能完成你的家庭作业吗? She left the room without saying a word. 她一句话没有说就离开了房间。

★例题:The “teacher-free exam”means that students take their exams _____ teachers. Students must be more honest.

A. without B. against C. through D. by 答案:A 没有;反对;通过;被。由后句“学生们必须更加诚实”,可知“teacher-free exam”意思是没有老师监考的测试。