ÄÚÈÝ·¢²¼¸üÐÂʱ¼ä : 2025/11/30 22:24:02ÐÇÆÚÒ» ÏÂÃæÊÇÎÄÕµÄÈ«²¿ÄÚÈÝÇëÈÏÕæÔĶÁ¡£
µÚÎåÕ ÎïÀíÑéÖ¤
£¨Ò»£©½ÌѧÄÚÈÝ 1£®ÎïÀíÑéÖ¤µÄ¸ÅÄ 2£®Ö÷Á÷ÎïÀíÑéÖ¤¹¤¾ß½éÉÜ£»
Calibre ÊÇMentor Graphics µÄIC°æÍ¼ÑéÖ¤Èí¼þ£¬´ËÈí¼þ°üÀ¨Éè¼Æ¹æÔò¼ì²é£¨ DRC £©¡¢°æÍ¼ÓëÔÀíͼһÖÂÐÔ¼ì²é£¨LVS£©¡¢µçÆø¹æÔò¼ì²é£¨ERC£©¡¢¼°°æÍ¼¼ÄÉú²ÎÊýÝÍÈ¡£¨LPE£©µÈÑéÖ¤¹¦ÄÜ¡£Æä²Ù×÷½çÃæÖ÷Òª·ÖΪͼÐÎģʽ(GUI)(graphical user interface) Calibre InteractiveÓëÖ¸Áîģʽ£¨Command Line£©£¬ÆäÖÐͼÐÎģʽ¿ÉÒÔµ¥¶ÀÆô¶¯£¬Òà¿ÉÓëVirtuoso µÈÈí¼þÏàÁ¬½Ó£¬Æä²Ù×÷½çÃæ½ÔÏàͬ¡£±¾ÕÂÎÒÃÇÖ÷ÒªÑо¿Í¼ÐÎģʽ¡£ 3.Ö÷ÒªÊõÓï
? SVRF---Standard Verification Rule Format£¨±ê×¼µÄ¼ì²éÎļþ£© ? RVE---Results Viewing Environment£¨ÏÔʾ½á¹ûÓõĻ·¾³´°¿Ú£© ? SVDB---Standard Verification Database (LVS results) ? DRC---Design Rule Check£¨Éè¼Æ¹æÔò¼ì²é£© ? ERC---Electrical Rule Checking£¨µçÆø¹æÔò¼ì²é£© ? LVS---Layout Versus Schematic£¨°æÍ¼ÔÀíͼһÖÂÐÔ¼ì²é£©
? LPE---Layout Parasitic Extraction£¨°æÍ¼¼ÄÉú²ÎÊýÝÍÈ¡£©
µÚ¶þ½Ú LVS°æÍ¼ÓëÔÀíͼµÄÒ»ÖÂÐÔ
4.Calibre LVS ¼ò½é
Calibre LVS ÊÇÒ»¸ö³öÉ«µÄ°æÍ¼ÓëÏß·ͼ¶Ô±È¼ì²é¹¤¾ß£¬¾ßÓиßЧÂÊ¡¢¸ß׼ȷ¶ÈºÍ´óÈÝÁ¿µÈÓŵ㡣Calibre LVS ²»½ö¿ÉÒÔ¶ÔËùÓеġ°Ôª¼þ¡±½øÐÐÑéÖ¤£¬¶øÇÒ»¹ÄÜÔÚ²»Ó°ÏìÐÔÄܵÄÌõ¼þÏ£¬´¦ÀíÎÞЧÊý¾Ý¡£Ö÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺
(1) ÔËÐÐģʽ¿ì½Ý·½±ã£ºCalibre LVS ÓÐÁ½ÖÖÔËÐÐģʽ£¬¼´ÃüÁîÐÐģʽºÍ½çÃæÄ£Ê½
(Calibre Interactive-LVS)¡£²ÉÓÃÃüÁîÐÐģʽ¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙÊäÈë¿ØÖÆÃüÁ¿ìËÙÔËÐУ¬Æä½á¹û¾«È·Îȶ¨¡£Calibre Interactive-LVS Äܹ»×Ô¶¯Ñ¡ÔñÑéÖ¤Õý±»±à¼µÄµ¥Ôª£¬²¢ÇÒÄܹ»Ñ¡ÔñËùÓеÄCalibreÔËÐÐʱ¼äÑ¡ÏîÒÔ¼°±ê×¼ÎļþµÄ¹æ·¶¡£¸ÃÑéÖ¤¼¼Êõ£¬ÔÊÐíÓû§Ñ¡ÔñÌØ¶¨±ê×¼ÎļþÒÔ¼°¶ÀÁ¢¹æÔòºÍ¹æÔò×éµÄÈκÎ×Ó¼¯¡£GUI ¿É¿ØÖÆÆÕͨʹÓõÄLVS Ñ¡Ï²¢¼Ç¼ÔËÐÐÉèÖùý³Ì¡£µ±²ÉÓÃÐ޸ĿØÖÆ»ò¶³½á±ê×¼Îļþʱ£¬Ëü¿É½«ÔËÐÐÅäÖÃÊý¾Ý´«¸øCalibre¡£Æä½çÃæÓѺã¬Ê¹Ó÷½±ã¡£ÎÒÃÇÔÚ×öLVS ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬¶ÔÓÚ¹æÄ£½ÏСµÄÄ£Äâµç·ºÍÊýÄ£»ìºÏµç·£¬Ò»°ã²ÉÓ÷½±ãµÄͼÐνçÃæÄ£Ê½(Calibre Interactive-LVS)½øÐжԱȼì²é£¬ÕâÑù¿ÉÒÔÔÚÆô¶¯RVE ºó£¬¶ÔÕÕLVS ½á¹ûÎļþºÍ°æÍ¼£¬½«µç·(»òÕßÍø±í)ºÍ°æÍ¼Ö±½Ó¶ÔÓ¦ÆðÀ´¼ì²é£¬·Ç³£·½±ã£»¶ÔÓÚ´ó¹æÄ£µÄSoC µç·£¬ÓÉÓÚÃüÁîÐз½Ê½ÊäÈë¼òµ¥Ö±½Ó£¬ÔËÐÐËٶȸü¿ì£¬ÔËÐнá¹ûÎȶ¨¾«È·£¬Õâ´Î¾Í²ÉÓÃÁËÃüÁîÐз½Ê½À´ÔËÐÐLVS£¬»ñµÃÁ˼«´óµÄ³É¹¦¡£
(2) ¶àÖֱȽϷ½Ê½¿ÉÑ¡£ºCalibre LVS ¿ÉÒÔ½øÐаæÍ¼Óëµç·ͼ(layout vs shematic)ºÍÍø±íÓëÍø±í(netlist vs netlist)µÄ·½Ê½¶Ô±È¼ì²é£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔµ¥¶À´Ó°æÍ¼ÌáÈ¡Íø±í¡£¶øÇÒ£¬Í¨¹ýv2lvs ÃüÁ¿ÉÒÔ½«×Ô¶¯²¼¾Ö²¼ÏßËù²úÉúµÄverilog Íø±íת»»³Éspice Íø±í£¬È»ºóÓë×Ô¶¯²¼¾Ö²¼ÏߵİæÍ¼½øÐжԱȣ¬²Ù×÷¼òµ¥·½±ã£¬½á¹û¾«È·¡£Óɴ˿ɼû£¬¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾Ý²»Í¬ÐèÒª£¬ÔÚLVS ÑéÖ¤¹ý³ÌµÄ²»Í¬½×¶Î£¬Áé»îµØÑ¡Ôñ±È½Ï·½Ê½£¬ÒÔ»ñµÃ×îÓÐЧµÄÔËÐкÍ×î¼ÑµÄ½á¹û¡£
(3) Õì´í·½±ã¿ì½Ý£ºµ±ÔËÐÐÍêLVS ºó£¬Calibre LVS »á²úÉúÒ»¸ö½á¹û±¨¸æ£¬Ã÷È·Ö¸³ö³ö´íÀàÐͺÍÊýÄ¿£¬²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÒÔ¶Ô²ã´Î»¯ÖеÄÿ¸öÄ£¿é¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸öÍêÕûµÄLVS ±¨¸æ£¬¼òµ¥Ã÷ÁË¡£Õâ¸ö±¨¸æ»¹ÄÜÃ÷È·Ö¸³ö¶Ì·(ÌØ±ðÊǵçÔ´ºÍµØ¶Ì·µÄÇé¿ö)¡¢¿ªÂ·¡¢¸¡¿Õ»ò¹ÂÁ¢µÄnets¡¢pin swappingÒÔ¼°ÈíÁ¬½ÓµÈÎÊÌâ¡£Calibre LVS »¹ÄܲúÉúÒ»¸öÏêϸµÄ½á¹ûÊý¾Ý¿â£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨ÔÀíÍ¼Íø±í¡¢´Ó°æÍ¼³éÈ¡µÄÍø±í¡¢½á¹û±¨¸æ¡¢°æÍ¼ÖÐµÄÆ÷¼þ¼°Á¬½Ó¹ØÏµµÈ¡£ÕâÑùͨ¹ýRVE À´¶ÁÈ¡ÕâЩÊý¾Ý£¬¾Í¿ÉÒÔÔÚ°æÍ¼ºÍÍø±íÖÐ׼ȷµØHighlight ÓдíÎóµÄµØ·½(ͼ1)¡£
Óɴ˿ɼû£¬Calibre LVS Ëù²úÉúµÄ½á¹ûÎļþ½á¹¹ÇåÎú£¬ÓÖ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýRVE À´×¼È·¶¨Î»£¬ÄÜÓÐЧµØ°ïÖúÓû§¿ìËÙµØÏû³ý´íÎóÒÔ½µµÍÉè¼Æ·çÏÕ£¬ÕâÔÚÎÒÃÇÏîÄ¿µÄ¿ª·¢¹ý³ÌÖеõ½ÁËÍêÈ«µÄÌåÏÖ¡£ÓÉÓÚʱ¼ä½ôÆÈ£¬ÖÂʹºó¶ËÉè¼ÆµÄʱ¼äÏ൱½ôÕÅ£¬ÕýÊÇCalibre LVS ÄÜ׼ȷÎÞÎ󡢿ìËٵزé³ö¶Ì·¡¢¿ªÂ·¡¢¸¡¿Õ»ò¹ÂÁ¢µÄÍøÂç¡¢Òý½Å¡¢ÈíÁ¬½ÓµÈÎÊÌ⣬»¹ÄܺܺõØÊ¶±ð¾§Ìå¹Ü¡¢Ãż¶µç·ºÍÄ£¿é¼¶µç·£¬²ÅʹµÃÎÒÃǰ´Ê±µØÍê³ÉÁ˰ÙÍòÃż¶µÄÐÅÏ¢°²È«SoC µÄÉè¼Æ¡£ÔÚ·´¸´Ê¹Óà Calibre LVS µÄͼÐνçÃæµÄÔËÐз½Ê½ºÍÃüÁîÐз½Ê½¹ý³ÌÖУ¬·¢ÏÖCalibre LVS ͼÐνçÃæµÄÔËÐз½Ê½·½±ã¿ì½Ý£¬µ«ÊÇÆäÎȶ¨ÐÔ²»ÈçÃüÁîÐз½Ê½ºÃ£¬ÈôÄܼÓÒԸĽø£¬ÔòÄܽøÒ»²½ Ìá¸ßÑéÖ¤¾«×¼¶È¡£
5£®ÎïÀíÑéÖ¤µÄÁ÷³Ì£»
APR ¡ý
SpiceÍø±í
¨K
¹æÔòÎļþ
¡ý
Calibre LVS ¨L ¡ý ¨K LVS´íÎóÊý¾Ý¿âLVS´íÎó²îÒ챨¸æ
ÌáÈ¡µÄÍø±í
¡ý ¨K ¨LSVDB
¡ý È·¶¨±¨¸æÀ´×Ô
RVE+VLE°æÍ¼
ÓÚ²î´í±¨¸æ
¨L ¡ü
GDS¢ò°æÍ¼
¡ú
ÊÖ¹¤ÐÞ¸Ä
¡ú
±à¼Æ÷¡ý
¡ü
¡ü
°æÍ¼
×¢£º´ÓAPR ¹¤¾ßʵÏֵİæÍ¼ÖÐÌáÈ¡£¨extract£©³öÒ»¸öÍø±í¡£
½«Õâ¸öÌáÈ¡³öµÄÍø±íÓëAPR ¹¤¾ßҪʵÏÖµÄÍø±í±È½Ï£¬ËüÃÇÓ¦¸ÃÏàͬ¡£ Èç¹ûÁ½¸öÍø±í²»Ò»Ñù£¬ÕâʱÊÖ¹¤Ð޸İæÍ¼£¬Ê¹Ö®ÓëҪʵÏÖµÄÍø±íÏàÒ»Ö¡£ 6.×¼±¸¹¤×÷£º
£¨1£©ÎªÊ²Ã´Òª×öLVS£¿LVS ×÷ÁËЩʲô£¿
APR (Automatic place and Route)×Ô¶¯²¼¾Ö²¼Ïß¹¤¾ß×÷³öµÄ°æÍ¼£¬»ù±¾ÉÏÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬²»Äܱ£Ö¤APR ¹¤¾ßÊǾø¶ÔÕýÈ·µÄ£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬APR ¹¤¾ß¿ÉÄÜ»á³ö´í¡£ÎªÁË·¢ÏÖ²¢¸ÄÕýAPR ¹¤¾ß²¼ÏߵĴíÎó£¬ÐèÒª×öLVS¡£
ÁíÍ⣬´Ó°æÍ¼ÖÐÌáÈ¡µç·ͼ£¬Í¬ÑùÐèÒªÑéÖ¤µç·ͼÓë°æÍ¼µÄÒ»ÖÂÐÔ¡£
LVSµÄÄ¿µÄ¾ÍÊÇÖ¤Ã÷°æÍ¼µÄÂß¼ÓëÍø±íÊÇÒ»Öµģ¬APR ½«Íø±íʵÏÖ³ÉÁ˰æÍ¼£¬ÏÖÔÚLVS ÒªÖ¤Ã÷Õâ¸öʵÏÖÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ¡£
£¨2£©ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄcalibre LVS Rule File£¬Óұߣ£ºóÄÚÈÝÊǶÔËüµÄ½âÊÍ¡£ ? LAYOUT SYSTEM GDSII ££ Ö¸¶¨layout µÄ¸ñʽΪgds ? LAYOUT PATH ¡°/user/joeb/proj/layout/ictr¡± ££ Ö¸¶¨°æÍ¼µÄ·¾¶ ? LAYOUT PRIMARY CalibreM ££ °æÍ¼µÄtop cell ? SOURCE SYSTEM SPICE ££ Ö¸¶¨source µÄ¸ñʽΪspice Íø±í ? SOURCE PATH ¡°/user/joeb/proj/logic/ictr¡± ££ source µÄ·¾¶ ? SOURCE PRIMARY CalibreM ££ source µÄtop cell
? MASK RESULTS DATABASE CalibreM.db ££ LVS µÄ½á¹û±£´æÎļþ£¬½«À´Ö¸µ¼¸ÄÕý°æÍ¼
? LVS REPORT CalibreM.rpt ££ report Îļþ ? layer PWELL 1 ££ ¶ÁÈë°æÍ¼µÄ¸÷²ãÐÅÏ¢ ? layer OXIDE 2 ? layer RES 3 ? layer POLY 4 ? layer NPLUS 5 ? layer PPLUS 6 ? layer CONTACT 7 ? layer METAL1 8 ? layer VIA 9 ? layer METAL2 10 ? chip = extent ? nsub = chip not pwell ££ ½øÐÐlayer operation¡£ ? gate = oxide and poly ? sd = oxide not poly ? ngate = gate and nplus ? pgate = gate and pplus ? psd = sd and pplus ? nsd = sd and nplus ? sdm = pplus or nplus ? connect psd pwell ££ ¶¨ÒåÁ¬½Ó¹ØÏµ ? connect nsd nsub ? connect metal1 poly nsd psd by contact ? connect metal2 metal1 by via ? device mn ngate poly nsd nsd pwell [0] ££ ÌáÈ¡ nmos ? device mp pgate poly psd psd nsub [0] ££ ÌáÈ¡ pmos
Calibre ¸ù¾ÝÕâ¸öRule File ÌṩµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬Ê×ÏÈ´Ó°æÍ¼ÖÐÌáÈ¡³öÒ»¸öÍø±í£¬ÔÙ½«Õâ¸öÍø±íÓëAPRҪʵÏÖµÄÍø±í½øÐбȽϣ¬ÅжÏAPR Éú³ÉµÄ°æÍ¼ÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·¡£ 7.¾ßÌå²Ù×÷£º
? רÃŽ¨Á¢Ò»¸öеÄÎļþ¼ÐÓÃÓÚ´Ë´ÎLVS ¡£ ? ½«Rule File¿½±´ÖÁ´ËÎļþ¼Ð¡£
? ´Ó°æÍ¼Öе¼³öGDSÎļþÖÁ´ËÎļþ¼ÐÏ£¬²Ù×÷ͬDRCʱµ¼³ö°æÍ¼£¬Òà¿ÉÔÚCalibre DRC
ͼÐνçÃæÖÐÑ¡Ôñ´Óµ±Ç°°æÍ¼Öе¼³öGDS Îļþ¡£
? ÀûÓÃAnalog Environment ÖеÄhspiceS ´Óµç·ͼÖе¼³öÍø±í¡£ÏÂÃæÊǵ¼³öÍø±íµÄͼ
ʾ¡£
? ÔÚSimulatorÖÐÑ¡ÔñhspiceS
? ½«µçÂ·Í¼Íø±í¿½±´ÖÁÄãËù½¨Á¢µÄÐÂĿ¼scj_lvsÖÐÓë*.gdsºÍrule file ·ÅÖÃÔÚÒ»Æð£¬´Ë
ʱҪÐ޸ĵçÂ·Í¼Íø±íµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬Ê¹ÆäÓëlayoutÓÐÏàͬµÄmodel name£¬ÒÔ¼°°ÑVDD!µÈµÄ¾ªÌ¾ºÅÈ¥µô£¬ÒÔ±£³ÖÓëlayoutÍø±íµÄÒ»ÖÂÐÔ¡£
£¨¶þ£©ÊµÑéÄÚÈÝ
1.Æô¶¯LVS·½·¨£¨ÈýÖÖ·½·¨Æô¶¯Í¼ÐνçÃæ£©
¡ñÔÚ°æÍ¼µÄCalibre²Ëµ¥Ïµã³ö RUN LVS ÃüÁî
¡ñÔÚÃüÁî´°¿ÚÀïÊäÈë calibre ¨Cgui Æô¶¯calibre GUI,ÔÙÑ¡ÔñLVS
¡ñÖ±½ÓÔÚÃüÁî´°¿ÚÀïÊäÈëcalibre ¨Cgui -lvs
2. Runset FileÊÇRUN LVSʱÐèÒªÌîÈëµÄһЩÉèÖ㬷½±ãÓÚÏ´ÎRUN¡£µÚÒ»´ÎÓÉÓÚûÓУ¬ËùÒÔ¾ÍÑ¡ÔñNew Runset ,µÈµÚÒ»´ÎRUNÍêºó£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«ÌîÈëµÄÉèÖôæ³ÉÒ»¸öRunset File¡£ÔÙRUN LVSʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«Õâ¸öRunset File Load½øÀ´¡£Í¬RUN DRC¡£
? ÉÏÃæµÄ´°¿ÚÖУ¬¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ Rules Óë Inputs Á½¸öÃüÁîÊǺìÉ«µÄ£¬±íʾ RUN LVS Ðè
ÄãÉèÖõġ£
3. µã»÷ Rules ÃüÁÔÚ Calibre£LVS Rules File µÄÃüÁîÐÐÀïÊäÈëÓÃÀ´×ö LVS¼ì²éµÄÎļþ£¨SVRF£©£¬Õâ¸öÎļþÀï°üÀ¨ÁËһЩ²ã´Î¼°Æ÷¼þµÄ¶¨ÒåµÈ¡£ÔÚ Calibre£LVSun Directory ÀïÊäÈëÄãÒª RUN LVS µÄ·¾¶£¬½¨Ò齨һ¸öרÃŵÄĿ¼¡£¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÕâʱRules ÒѾ±ä³ÉÂÌÉ«£¬±íʾ Rules ÀïÉèÖÃÍê³ÉÁË¡£Ã¿¸öÃüÁîÐкóÃæµÄ¡¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÄãÑ¡ÔñÎļþ¡£