»ùÓÚµ¥Æ¬»úµÄ³¬Éùµ¼Ã¤ÕÈÉè¼Æ ÏÂÔØ±¾ÎÄ

ÄÚÈÝ·¢²¼¸üÐÂʱ¼ä : 2025/11/29 12:54:17ÐÇÆÚÒ» ÏÂÃæÊÇÎÄÕµÄÈ«²¿ÄÚÈÝÇëÈÏÕæÔĶÁ¡£

ÁúÔ´ÆÚ¿¯Íø http://www.qikan.com.cn

»ùÓÚµ¥Æ¬»úµÄ³¬Éùµ¼Ã¤ÕÈÉè¼Æ

×÷ÕߣºÕÅÁÁ

À´Ô´£º¡¶¼ÛÖµ¹¤³Ì¡·2012ÄêµÚ33ÆÚ

ÕªÒª£º ±¾ÎÄÀûÓó¬Éù²¨²â¾àÔ­Àí£¬ÒÔAT89S52µ¥Æ¬»úΪÖ÷¿ØºËÐÄ£¬Éè¼ÆÁËÒ»ÖÖµ¼Ã¤×°Ö㬸Ã×°ÖÿÉÒÔ¶ÔäÈËǰ½øµÄµÀ·ÉϵÄÕϰ­Îï½øÐоàÀë̽²â²¢°ÑÕϰ­ÎïµÄ¾àÀëÐÅϢת»»³ÉÉùÒôºÍÕñ¶¯Ìáʾ£¬´Ó¶øÆðµ½µ¼Ã¤×÷Óá£

Abstract£º This paper designs a blind guiding device whose main control part is AT89S52 SCM by using ultrasonic ranging principle. The device measure the distance with obstacle and transform the information into sound information and vibration alert£¬ thus creating a blind guiding effect. ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º µ¥Æ¬»ú£»³¬Éù²¨£»µ¼Ã¤

Key words£º SCM£»ultrasonic£»blind guiding

ÖÐͼ·ÖÀàºÅ£ºTP39 ÎÄÏ×±êʶÂ룺A ÎÄÕ±àºÅ£º1006-4311£¨2012£©33-0176-03 0 ÒýÑÔ

äÈË×÷ÎªÌØÊâµÄȺÌ壬Æä½èÖúµÄ¸¨Öú¹¤¾ßÖ÷ÒªÓÐÊÖÕȺ͵¼Ã¤È®£¬ÆäÖÐʹÓÃÊÖÕÈ×îΪÆÕ±é¡£´«Í³µÄäÈ˹ÕÕÈÊÇÒ»¸ù³¤¸Ë£¬´æÔÚһϵÁеIJ»×ã¡£ÀýÈ磺̽²âµÄ¾àÀëÊÜÏÞÓÚ¹ÕÕȵij¤¶È£»ÄÑÓÚ̽²âÐü¹ÒµÄÕϰ­ÎÎÞ·¨¶Ô¿ìËÙ½Ó½üµÄÕϰ­Îï·¢³öÔ¤Ïȱ¨¾¯£»¹«¹²³¡ºÏ²»ÀûÓÚÊղصȡ£ÎªÁ˸üºÃµØ°ïÖúäÈËÐÐ×ߣ¬¹úÄÚÍâºÜ¶à»ú¹¹¶¼Ñо¿ºÍÉú²úÁËÏà¹Øµç×Óµ¼Ã¤×°Öã¬ÓÉÓÚÀûÓÃÁËGPSÈ«Çò¶¨Î»ÏµÍ³¼°½¨Á¢ÎÞÏßµç»ùÕ¾µÈ·½·¨£¬µ¼ÖÂÓÃÕâЩ·½·¨ÊµÏֵĵ¼Ã¤Æ÷¼Û¸ñ°º¹ó£¬²»ÊʺÏÓÚÆÕͨÏû·ÑÕß¡£µ¼Ã¤È®Ôò¼Û¸ñ¸ü¸ß£¬²¢ÇÒÔÚijЩÉç½»³¡ºÏ£¨ÀýÈç½ûÖ¹³èÎï½øÈ룩²»ÊʺÏʹÓã¬Ôì³Éµ¼Ã¤È®ÎÞ·¨ÆÕ¼°¡£

±¾ÎĹ¹Ë¼Éè¼ÆÒ»ÖÖÄܸ¨ÖúäÈ˰²È«Ðж¯µÄÖÇÄܹÕÕÈ£¬¸Ã¹ÕÕÈ¿ÉÒÔ¶Ôǰ·½Ò»¶¨¾àÀëµÄÕϰ­Îï½øÐÐ̽²â£¬²¢¸ø³ö¾¯±¨Ìáʾ£¬´Ó¶ø¶ÔÊÓÁ¦´æÔÚȱÏÝÕßÌṩ½ÏºÃµÄ¸¨ÖúÐÐ×ß¹¦ÄÜ¡£¸ÃÉè¼Æ²ÉÓûùÓÚ³¬Éù²¨´«¸ÐÆ÷£¬ÒÔµ¥Æ¬»úΪÖ÷¿ØÐ¾Æ¬£¬ÀûÓó¬Éù²¨²â¾àÔ­Àí¸¨ÖúäÈËÐÐ×ߣ¬Ê¹Óüòµ¥·½±ã£¬¾ßÓз½ÏòÐÔÇ¿¡¢ÄÜÁ¿Ò×ÓÚ¼¯ÖС¢´«²¥¾àÀë½ÏÔ¶£¬ÒÔ¼°¶ÔÕϰ­Îﶨλ¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¾«È·ÐÔ£¬Ìå»ýÏà¶Ô½ÏС¡¢·½±ãЯ´ø¡¢¼Û¸ñµÍÁ®µÈÌØµã¡£ 1 ϵͳµÄÓ²¼þ½á¹¹¼°»ù±¾¹¦ÄÜ

±¾Éè¼ÆÖ÷Òª·ÖΪÖ÷¿ØÄ£¿é¡¢³¬Éù²¨²â¾àÄ£¿éºÍ±¨¾¯Ä£¿éÈý¸ö²¿·Ö¡£Ê×ÏÈÓɳ¬Éù²¨´«¸ÐÆ÷·¢Éä¶Ë²úÉúÒ»¸ö¸ßƵµÄ³¬Éù²¨£¬È»ºó½ÓÊն˽ÓÊÕµ½Õâ¸ö»Ø²¨£¬Í¨¹ý¼ÆËã´«¸ÐÆ÷·¢ËÍÐźźͽÓÊÕÐźŵÄʱ¼ä¼ä¸ôÀ´È·¶¨¶ÔÏóµÄ¾àÀ룬×îºóͨ¹ý¶Ô¾àÀëµÄÅжϷ¢³ö¾¯±¨Ðźţ¬ÊµÏÖÖÇÄܵ¼Ã¤µÄ×÷Óá£Ó²¼þµÄÕûÌå½á¹¹Èçͼ1Ëùʾ¡£

ÁúÔ´ÆÚ¿¯Íø http://www.qikan.com.cn

1.1 ³¬Éù²¨²â¾àÄ£¿é Ó¦Óó¬Éù²¨Âö³å»Ø²¨·¨²â¾àµÄ¹ý³ÌÊÇ£ºÓóÖÐøÊ±¼äÒ»¶¨µÄ³¬ÉùƵ¸ßѹµçÂö³åÐźż¤Àø³¬Éù»»ÄÜÆ÷£¬Ê¹Ö®ÏòÍⲿ½éÖÊ·¢ËÍÒ»´®³¬Éù²¨£¬µ±³¬Éù²¨ÔÚ»»ÄÜÆ÷µÄÉùÖáÉÏÓöµ½Ò»¸ö»ò¶à¸öÄ¿±êʱ£¬²¿·ÖÉùÄܽ«±»·´É仨À´²¢×÷ÓÃÔÚ»»ÄÜÆ÷ÉÏ£¬Ê¹»»ÄÜÆ÷Êä³ö΢ÈõµÄµçÐźš£¸ÃÐźž­¹ý·Å´óÂ˲¨ºó£¬ËÍÈë΢´¦Àíϵͳ½øÐÐÐÅÏ¢´¦Àí£¬ÒÔÅж¨»Ø²¨ÐźųöÏÖµÄʱ¿Ì£¬²¢¼ÆËã³ö³¬Éù²¨µÄÉä³Ìʱ¼ä¼°¶ÔÓ¦µÄÄ¿±ê¾àÀ룬´Ó¶øÍê³ÉÁËÒ»¸ö²â¾àÖÜÆÚ¡£

±¾Éè¼ÆÖеIJâ¾àÄ£¿é²ÉÓÃÊÕ·¢·ÖÌåʽ£¬ÓÉÒ»¶Ô³¬Éù´«¸ÐÆ÷×é³É£¬³¬Éù²¨·¢Éäµç·Ö÷ÒªÓÉ·´ÏàÆ÷74LS04ºÍ³¬Éù²¨·¢Éä»»ÄÜÆ÷T¹¹³É£¬ÓÉÖ÷¿ØÄ£¿éÏò³¬Éù²¨µÄ·¢Éä¶ËËͳö¹Ì¶¨ÆµÂÊ£¨40kHz£©µÄÂö³åÐźţ¬ÔÚ·¢Éä¶Ë¾­Ò»¼¶·´ÏòÆ÷ºóË͵½³¬Éù²¨»»ÄÜÆ÷µÄÒ»¸öµç¼«£¬½«µçÂö³åÐźÅת³É³¬Éù²¨·¢Éä³öÈ¥£¬Èôǰ·½ÓÐÕϰ­Îï´æÔÚ£¬³¬Éù²¨½ÓÊն˽«ÊÕµ½µÄÒ»²¿·Ö·´É仨²¨×ªÎªµçÐźţ¬¸ÃÐźž­·Å´óºóËÍÖÁÖ÷¿ØÄ£¿éµÄÁíһ·£¬±»Ö÷¿ØÄ£¿é½ÓÊÕºó¼ÆËã»Ø²¨Ê±¼ä£¬´Ó¶ø¼ÆËã³öÕϰ­ÎïµÄ¾àÀë¡£

ÔÚ·¢Éä¶Ë£¬Ðźž­Á½¼¶·´ÏàºóË͵½³¬Éù²¨»»ÄÜÆ÷µÄÁíÒ»¸öµç¼«£¬ÓÃÕâÖÖÍÆ»»ÐÎʽ½«·½²¨Ðźżӵ½³¬Éù²¨»»ÄÜÆ÷µÄÁ½¶Ë£¬¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ß³¬Éù²¨µÄ·¢ÉäÇ¿¶È¡£·¢Éä½ÓÊÕµç·ͼÈçͼ2Ëùʾ¡£ 1.2 Ö÷¿ØÄ£¿é ±¾Éè¼Æ²ÉÓõÄÖ÷¿ØÐ¾Æ¬ÊÇAT89S52£¬ËüÊÇÒ»Öֵ͹¦ºÄ¡¢¸ßÐÔÄܵÄCMOS 8λ΢¿ØÖÆÆ÷£¬¾ßÓÐ8KÔÚϵͳ¿É±à³ÌFlash´æ´¢Æ÷£¬Ê¹ÓÃAtmel¹«Ë¾¸ßÃܶȷÇÒ×ʧÐÔ´æ´¢Æ÷¼¼ÊõÖÆÔ죬Ó빤ҵ80C51²úÆ·Ö¸ÁîºÍÒý½ÅÍêÈ«¼æÈÝ¡£Æ¬ÉÏFlashÔÊÐí³ÌÐò´æ´¢Æ÷ÔÚÏ߿ɱà³Ì£¬ÒàÊÊÓÚ³£¹æ±à³ÌÆ÷¡£ÔÚµ¥Ð¾Æ¬ÉÏ£¬ÓµÓÐÁéÇɵÄ8λCPUºÍÔÚϵͳ¿É±à³ÌFlash£¬Ê¹µÃAT89S52ÔÚÖÚ¶àǶÈëʽ¿ØÖÆÓ¦ÓÃϵͳÖеõ½¹ã·ºÓ¦Óá£

ÔÚ±¾Éè¼ÆÖУ¬¸ÃоƬÖ÷ÒªÍê³É°Ñ¸÷¸öÄ£¿éÖ®¼äµÄÊý¾ÝÐźŽøÐзÖÎö´¦Àíºó¸ø³öÏàÓ¦µÄָʾ£¬ÀûÓÃÄÚ²¿µÄ¶¨Ê±Æ÷/¼ÆÊýÆ÷¿ØÖƳ¬Éù²¨·¢Éä½ÓÊÕ²¢¼ÆË㳬Éù²¨µÄʱ¼ä£¬Í¨¹ýʱ²îËã³ö¾àÀ룬×îÖÕͨ¹ýÈí¼þʵÏÖÕϰ­ÎïµÄʶ±ð£¬Êä³ö½á¹û¡£

1.3 ±¨¾¯Ìáʾģ¿é ÓÉÓÚµ¼Ã¤Õȱ»¹ã·ºÓÃÓÚÊÒÍâµÄàÐÔÓ»·¾³ÖУ¬±¾Éè¼Æ²ÉÓÃÁË·äÃùÆ÷ºÍÕñ¶¯Ë«Öر¨¾¯£¬µ±Í¨¹ý³¬Éù²¨µÄ·¢ÉäºÍ½ÓÊÕµç·ÒÔ¼°Èí¼þ½áºÏÅжϳöǰ·½ÓÐÕϰ­Îïʱ£¬ÏµÍ³½«·¢³ö±¨¾¯Ðźš£

ÉùÒô±¨¾¯µç·ͨ¹ýÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄÈý¼«¹ÜÇý¶¯·äÃùÆ÷±¨¾¯£¬Õñ¶¯±¨¾¯ÔòÊÇÀûÓÃСÐ͵ç»úÆ«ÐÄÖáÔ­ÀíʵÏÖµ¼Ã¤ÕÈÕñ¶¯£¬¿ÉÓÃÓÚ°²¾²»·¾³»òàÐÔÓ»·¾³ÖÐÌý²»¼ûÓïÒôÌáʾµÄÇé¿ö¡£µç·ͼÈçͼ3Ëùʾ¡£

1.4 Ó²¼þϵͳPCBͼ PCB£¨Printed Circuit Board£©ÊÇÓ¡ÖÆµç·°åµÄ¼ò³Æ¡£Í¨³£°ÑÔÚ¾øÔµ²ÄÁÏÉÏ£¬°´Ô¤¶¨Éè¼Æ£¬ÖƳÉÓ¡ÖÆÏß·¡¢Ó¡ÖÆÔ­¼þ»òÁ½Õß×éºÏ¶ø³ÉµÄµ¼µçͼÐγÆÎªÓ¡ÖƵç·¡£¶øÔÚ¾øÔµ»ù²ÄÉÏÌṩԪÆ÷¼þÖ®¼äµÄµçÆøÁ¬½ÓµÄµ¼µçͼÐγÆÎªÓ¡ÖÆÏß·¡£ÕâÑù¾Í°ÑÓ¡ÖÆÏß·µÄ³ÉÆ·³ÆÎªÓ¡ÖÆÏß·°å£¬Òà³ÆÎªÓ¡ÖÆ°å»òÓ¡ÖÆµç·°å¡£

ÁúÔ´ÆÚ¿¯Íø http://www.qikan.com.cn

Ó¡ÖÆµç·°åµÄÉè¼ÆÊÇÒÔµç·ԭÀíͼΪ¸ù¾Ý£¬½èÖúprotell99SEÈí¼þÀ´Éè¼Æµç·Ôڵ緰åÉϵIJ¼¾ÖÉè¼Æ¡£Ó¡ÖƵç·°åµÄÉè¼ÆÖ÷ÒªÖ¸°æÍ¼Éè¼Æ£¬ÐèÒª¿¼ÂÇÍⲿÁ¬½ÓµÄ²¼¾Ö£¬ÄÚ²¿µç×ÓÔª¼þµÄÓÅ»¯²¼¾Ö¡¢½ðÊôÁ¬ÏߺÍͨ¿×µÄÓÅ»¯²¼¾Ö¡¢µç´Å±£»¤¡¢ÈȺÄÉ¢µÈ¸÷ÖÖÒòËØ¡£ÓÅÐãµÄ°æÍ¼Éè¼Æ¿ÉÒÔ½ÚÔ¼Éú²ú³É±¾£¬´ïµ½Á¼ºÃµÄµç·ÐÔÄÜ¡£

PCBµÄÖÆ×÷Ò»°ã·ÖΪµ¥²ã°å¡¢Ë«²ã°å¡¢¶à²ã°å¡£ÓÉÓÚ±¾Éè¼ÆµÄÔªÆ÷¼þ±È½ÏÉÙÇÒÁ¬Ïß²»¸´ÔÓ£¬ËùÒÔ²ÉÓõÄÊǵ¥²ã°å£¬µ¼ÏßÖ»³öÏÖÔÚÆäÖÐÒ»Ãæ¡£±¾Éè¼ÆµÄPCBͼÈçͼ4Ëùʾ¡£ 2 ϵͳÈí¼þÄ£¿é×é³É¼°»ù±¾¹¦ÄÜ

ϵͳµÄÈí¼þÉè¼Æ²ÉÓÃCÓïÑÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ´ó´óÌá¸ß³ÌÐò±àдʱµÄЧÂÊ£¬Éè¼ÆµÄ¹Ø¼üÊdz¬ÉùµÄ·¢ÉäºÍ½ÓÊÕ£¬Õϰ­Îï¾àÀëµÄ¼ÆËãºÍÓïÒô±¨¾¯¡£Ö÷³ÌÐòÊ×ÏȶÔϵͳ³õʼ»¯£¬È»ºóÑ­»·µ÷Óó¬Éù²¨·¢Éä×Ó³ÌÐò£¬ÑÓʱ³ÌÐò£¬³¬Éù²¨²â¾à×Ó³ÌÐò£¬±¨¾¯×Ó³ÌÐòµÈ¡£ÆäÖУ¬³¬Éù²¨·¢Éä×Ó³ÌÐòµÄÖ÷Òª¹¦ÄÜÊÇÀûÓõ¥Æ¬»úµÄP1.0¿Ú²úÉúÒ»¸öƵÂÊΪ40KHz¡¢Õ¼¿Õ±ÈΪ40%µÄ·½²¨¡£¿¼Âǵ½Ç°·½¿ÉÄÜһֱûÓÐÕϰ­ÎïµÄÌØÊâÇé¿ö£¬²¢ÎªÁËʹ¶¨Ê±Æ÷±ãÓÚ¼ÆÊ±£¬ÒÔ¼°¾àÀ뷶ΧÔÚ3Ã×ÄڵľßÌåÒªÇ󣬷¢Éä×Ó³ÌÐò²ÉÓÃÏÈÁ¬Ðø·¢Éä40¸öÖÜÆÚµÄ·½²¨£¨Ê±³¤Îª1ms£©£¬È»ºóÑÓʱ20ms£¨ÓÃÓڵȴý½ÓÊÕ¶ËÓ¦´ð£©µÄ·½Ê½£¬±£Ö¤Ã¿´ÎÊÕµ½µÄ»Ø²¨¶¼ÊÇ×î½üÒ»´Î·¢ÉäµÄÂö³å·´É仨À´µÄ¡£

²â¾à×Ó³ÌÐò°üÀ¨»Ø²¨Ê±¼ä¼ÆËãºÍ¾àÀë¼ÆËãÁ½²¿·Ö£º»Ø²¨Ê±¼ä¼ÆËãÓɵ¥Æ¬»úµÄµÄP1.1¿Ú¿ØÖÆ£¬Ò»µ©²éѯµ½¸ÃÒý½ÅÓɸߵ½µÍ£¬Ôò±íÃ÷½ÓÊÕµ½Á˱¾´Î·¢Éä·µ»ØµÄ³¬Éù»Ø²¨£»¶ø¾àÀëµÄ¼ÆËãÔòͨ¹ý¶¨Ê±Æ÷Öд洢µÄÊý¾Ý½øÐмòµ¥ÔËËãµÃ³ö¡£

±¨¾¯×Ó³ÌÐò·ÖΪÕñ¶¯±¨¾¯ºÍ·äÃùÆ÷±¨¾¯£¬Ö®ËùÒÔ²ÉÓÃÕñ¶¯±¨¾¯ÊÇÓÉÓÚ¿¼Âǵ½àÐÔÓ»·¾³Ï·äÃùÆ÷ÒôÁ¿ÓÐÏÞ¶øÉèÖõġ£ Ö÷³ÌÐòÁ÷³ÌÈçͼ5Ëùʾ¡£ 3 ϵͳµ÷ÊÔ¼°²âÊÔ½á¹û

ϵͳµ÷ÊÔ·ÖΪӲ¼þµ÷ÊÔÓëÈí¼þµ÷ÊÔ£¬¾­·ÂÕæµ÷ÊԺ󺸽ÓÏß·°å£¬²¢½øÐÐÁ˾àÀë²âÊÔ£¬½á¹ûÈç±í1Ëùʾ¡£ 4 ½áÂÛ

±¾Éè¼ÆÀûÓûùÓÚµ¥Æ¬»úµÄ³¬Éù²¨²â¾àÔ­ÀíÍê³ÉÁËÖÇÄܵ¼Ã¤ÕȵÄÉè¼Æ£¬¿ÉÒÔ̽²âµ½0µ½3Ã×µÄÕϰ­Îͬʱ·¢³ö·äÃùºÍÕñ¶¯Ìáʾ£¬ÊµÏÖÁË̽²âÒ»¶¨·¶Î§ÄÚÕϰ­ÎïµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬ÖÆ×÷³öµÄʵÎﻹÔÚµ÷ÊÔ²âÊԽ׶Σ¬¹¦ÄÜÎȶ¨ÐÔ»¹ÓдýÓÚºóÆÚµ÷ÊԺͼìÑé¡£

ÓëÆÕͨµ¼Ã¤ÕÈÏà±È£¬±¾Éè¼ÆµÄ×î´ó²»Í¬Ö®´¦ÔÚÓÚ¿ÉÒÔ²â³ö3Ã×ÄÚµÄÕϰ­Îï¶ø²»ÊÇ´«Í³µÄÄÇÖÖÖ»¿ÉÒԸ˳¤¿ÉÒÔ½Ó´¥µ½µÄ·¶Î§£¬¸Ã³¬Éùµ¼Ã¤ÕÈ¿ÉÒÔʹäÈ˼°Ê±±ÜÕÏ£¬×¼È·ÐÔ¿É¿¿£¬ÁéÃô¶È¸ß¡£Í¬Ê±ÌṩÈËÐÔ»¯µÄÉè¼Æ£¬ÓÃÓïÒô¼ÓÕñ¶¯ÓèÒÔÌáʾ£¬ÎªÃ¤È˵ÄÉú»î´øÀ´ÁË·½±ã¡£