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make sb do sth sb be made to do

She made him her assistant（助理，助手）. She will make（成为） a good mother. This room would make（成为）a nice office. make money 挣钱 make a living 谋生

make it 获得成功;准时到达

He will never really make it as an actor. 作为演员他永远不会真正的成功.

The doctors think he‘s going to make it. 医生们认为他能挺过去.

I‘m sorry I won‘t be able to make it on Sunday. 很抱歉, 星期天我不能到场.

make the most of… 充分利用...... make out 辨别清楚; 理解,明白

I could just made out a figure（人物）in the darkness.

I can‘t make out what she wants.

make up 组成; 编造; 补上(for);化妆; 和好 Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?

我今天下午早点儿走,明天补上这段时间,可以吗?

Has he made up with her yet? 他跟她和好了吗?

7. manage v. 经营,管理;设法完成 management n. manager n.经理

manage to do = succeed in doing 设法做成某事（强调结果）

8. manner n.方式，方法；态度；举止礼貌，礼仪 （常用复数形式）

in a friendly manner 用友好的态度 table manners 餐桌礼仪

It‘s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌。

9. march vt./vi./n. 行军,行进

march on Washington DC 向华盛顿进军 on the march 在行军中 10. mark

① v. 标记; 打分,评成绩; 纪念, 庆贺, 标志着 the goods marked with prices 标记价格的货物 I hate marking exam papers. 我讨厌给试卷打分。

a ceremony to mark the 60th anniversary of the foundation of China 庆贺中国成立六十周年的一个仪式 His death marked（标志着）the end of an era(时代).

② n. 成绩,分数;记号 get a low/high mark get full marks make a mark 做标记

11. marry v.嫁，娶，使结婚 v.结婚 marry sb 娶/嫁给某人 marry sb. to sb 把某人嫁给某人

get/be married to sb 与某人结婚 married adj. 已婚的

12. mass n. 团,块,大量 a mass of 一块/一大堆...... masses of 大量的 the masses 群众，大量 a mass of cloud 一朵云彩 masses of clouds 朵朵云彩 13. master

① n. 主人；能手； 硕士

the master of one‘s own future 自己未来的主人

get one‘s master‘s degree ② vt. 精通,掌握,控制 master a foreign language master her temper（脾气） 14. match

① n.比赛;火柴;匹敌的人,对手;匹配的人/物 strike a match划火柴 a box of matches 一盒火柴

I was no match for him at tennis. 打网球我不是他的对手。

I‘m his match at tennis. 打网球我跟他难分伯仲

The curtains and carpet are a good match.窗帘和地毯非常相配。

② vt.配对,匹配;匹敌 match A with B

No one can match him in maths. 15. material n. 材料，布料 a piece of material 一块布料

reading/building materials 阅读/建筑材料 16. matter

① v. 要紧,有关系

It is the ability to do the job that matters not

where you come from or what you are.

The children matter more to her than anything else in the world.

② 物质 (U)，问题，毛病 情况，事态，关键；关乎...…的事情 Air is matter. What‘s the matter with…

to make matters worse=what‘s worse worse still. 更糟糕的是

It‘s a matter of money. as a matter of fact 事实上 17. mean

① adj. 小气的,刻薄的

be mean with money 花钱吝啬 be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 ② vt. 打算，意欲 mean to do mean sb to do be meant to do/for

His mother meant him to be an engineer. The chairs are meant for guests. ③ 意味着，意思是…... mean (doing) sth

Money means nothing for him.

What do you mean by that? 你说那个是什么意思?

18. meanwhile

① adv. 同时=at the same time ② n. in the meanwhile 同时 19. measure

① vt. 测量; 有…长/宽

He has gone to be measured for a new suit. The main bedroom measures 12m by 15m. The main bedroom measuring 12m by 15m is mine.

② n. 尺寸;措施

make sth to one‘s measure 量体裁衣; take measures to do… 采取措施做某事 20. medicine n.药，医学 take/ have some medicine 吃药 practice medicine 行医

have a medical examination 进行体检

Good medicine is better in the mouth.良药苦口。 21. meet

① n. 体育比赛 a sports meet

② v. 相遇；连接；会面；迎接；相汇；满足 That‘s where the river meets the sea. meet one‘s needs/demands

meet with sb 与某人相遇 make ends meet 收支相抵

22. memory n.记忆力，回忆，纪念 have a good /bad memory

in memory of… 为了纪念...... childhood memories 童年记忆 23.mention v.提到，谈到 Don‘t mention it.

not to mention… 更不用说...... 24. mercy n.怜悯，宽恕

throw oneself on one‘s mercy 请求某人的宽恕

show mercy to sb/have mercy to sb 对某人怜悯

at the mercy of 在…...掌握中；任...…摆布 25. merely=only adv. 仅仅，只不过 26. mess n.混乱；脏乱的东西；困境 v.弄乱；弄脏

messy adj.凌乱的；散乱的；肮脏的 The room was in a mess（乱糟糟）. The kids made a mess in the kitchen. You are messing my hair.(弄乱)

The divorce was painful and messy.(纠结不清的)

27. message n.消息，口信，要旨，明白，理解

I left a message on your answering phone.

Jenny isn‘t here at the moment. Can I take a message ?

When he started looking at his watch, I got the message and left.

He can‘t get his message across. 他不能使他的信息被理解。

28. method n.方法

with the method=in this way=by the means 用这种方法

29. mind n. 理智，精神；头脑；智力；记忆力 vt. 介意

make up one‘s mind to do… 下定决心做...... change one‘s mind 改变主意

Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。 keep/bear…in mind=remember... 记住...... have…on one‘s mind 担心，挂念 have…in mind 心中有......

sth. come/spring to mind 突然想起 mind doing… 介意做某事 Mind your steps！= watch=be careful of… 当心，注意 Mind your own business！ 别管闲事 Never mind. 没关系，无所谓 —Do you mind if I do…/Would you mind if I did…？ 你介意我......吗？ —Yes, but I do/you‘d better not. —No, of course not/not at all. 30. mirror n.镜子 look into the mirror 照镜子 Dickens‘s novels are a mirror of his times. 31. miss v. 错过, 未击中，想念 She threw a plate at him and only narrowly missed. My mind wasn‘t on what he was doing, so I‘m afraid I missed half of it. The hotel is the only white building on the road—you can‘t miss it. miss the point 不懂 miss doing…= avoid sth. unpleasant 避开（坏事） The gun fired but the bird missed being killed. be missing/gone/lost adj. 找不见的，失踪的 32. mistake n. 错误；误会；过失 vt. (mistook, mistaken)弄错；误解 make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 误将A当成B by mistake 错误地 33. mix n. 混合；混合物 vt. 使混和，混淆 mixture n.混合，混合物 mix up 弄错，弄乱 mixed feelings 混杂的感受 mixed doubles 混合双打 34. moment n. 时刻，片刻 One moment, please. 请稍候。 at the(very) moment=now/then 现在，那时（正） for the moment/present 目前，暂时 for a moment/a few moments 一会儿 the moment=as soon as=immediately=directly 一…...就...… 35. more，most more or less 或多或少，几乎 at (the) most 至多，不超过 what‘s more=besides=in addition=moreover 此外还有，更为重要的是 36. mourn vt/vi 哀痛；哀悼 He was still mourning his brother‘s death. Today, we mourn for those who lost their lives in the two world wars. 37. must n. 必须的事 aux. 必须，一定 A knowledge of English is a must in international trade and meetings. N（15） 1.name n.名字，名誉 v.命名，任命 enjoy a good name 享有盛名 by the name of=named… 名叫...…的 in God‘s/Heaven‘s name=in the name of God/Heaven 看在上帝的份上 in the name of… 以......的名义，看在......的份上 be named after 以......名字命名 a boy named…/naming himself… 一个名叫......的男孩 namely =that is… 即，也就是说…... 2.narrow adj.狭窄的，勉强的 v.（使）变窄 narrowly adv.狭窄地，勉强地，仔细地 a narrow victory 险胜 She has a very narrow view of the world. 她有着狭隘的世界观。 She escaped injury narrowly. 她差点受伤。 in the narrow/broad sense 狭义上/广义上讲 3. native adj.本国的，当地的 n. 当地人；土产 my native language-mother tongue 我的母语 a native of London 伦敦当地人 4.nearly/almost adv. 几乎，差不多 I have worked here for nearly 10 years. almost everyone 几乎所有人 not nearly=much less than=not at all=far from 远非，绝不是 There isn‘t nearly enough time to get there now.

5. necessary adj. 必要的，必须的，必然的 n.必需品 It is necessary for sb. to do sth. If (it is) necessary, you can call on me. It is necessary that …(should)… 6. neck n.脖子，衣领

neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下 a round-necked sweater 一件圆领毛衣 7. need v./n. 需要 They badly need a change. There is no need for sb. to do sth.=sb have no need to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。 There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天没有必要早起。 I have no need to open the letter.我没有必要打开这封信。 in need of 需要...... I am in need of some fresh air. 我需要一些新鲜的空气。 if need be=if necessary 如果有必要/需要 There is always food in the freezer if need be. 如有需要，冰箱里总会有事物。 8. neither conj.也不 pron.两者都不 adj./adv.两者之中其中任何一者都不的/地 They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions. 他们制作了两份报告，其中没有一份包含任何有用的建议。 neither…nor… 既不...…也不...… either…or… 或...…或...… 9. noise n.噪音 noisy adj.喧闹的，吵闹的 We had to shout above the noise of traffic.我们不得不高于交通噪音大声喊。 voice n. 嗓音 in a low/high voice 高声地/低声的 She has a good voice.她有好嗓音。 sound n.自然界的各种声音 Light travels much faster than sound.光传播的比声快。 10.normal adj. 正常的 n. 正常 normally adv. It‘s normal to feel tired after such a long trip. normal temperature 正常温度 return to normal=get back to normal 恢复正常 common adj.常见的，共同的 a common mistake常见错误 common sense常识 common practice 习惯做法 ordinary 普通的(average) ordinary-looking 相貌平平的 usual adj.通常的 as usual 和往常一样 than usual 比往常更...... 11. nose n. 鼻子 a running/runny nose 流鼻涕的鼻子 12. nothing pron. 没有什么 for nothing=for free 免费的 have nothing to do with 与…...无关 nothing but=just 仅仅，只不过 I want nothing but the best for my children. anything but 绝不 The hotel was anything but cheap. There is nothing to it.=It‘s very easy. 很容易。 13. notice n.注意，通知 v.注意到 take notice of=pay attention to 注意...... Don‘t take any notice of what you read in the papers. come to my notice 我注意到 put up a notice 公告，通知 The bar is closed until further notice. 酒吧关闭，（开业）另行通知。 notice sb/sth. do/doing/done 注意到某人做了/正在做某事 14. now (that) =since 既然 Now that the guests left ,we‘ve got a lot of extra space.既然客人走了，我们有了很多额外的空间。 (every) now and then/again=from time to time 不时地 It is now or never. 机不可失。 15. nowhere adv.无处，任何地方都不 n.无处 go/get no where 毫无进展 The discussion got nowhere this morning.今天早晨，讨论毫无进展。 nowhere to be found/seen/in sight 找不到 My ticket is nowhere to be found. Nowhere in the world other than Britain can you experience four seasons in a single day. 在世界上，除了英国，在任何地方你都不能在一天中经历四季。 O（28） 1. object n. 物品，目标，宾语 v.拒绝 everyday objects 日常物品 her object in life=aim 目标 object to sth./doing… 反对/不同意...... Many local people objected to building the new airport. 当地很多人反对修建新机场。 objective adj. 客观的

2. observe v.观察，遵守

observe sb do sth观察某人做某事

observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事 observe sth done 观察某事被做 observe the law 遵守法律

3. obtain vt/vi 获得；得到；存在

obtain advice/information/permission（许可） These customs no longer obtain. 这些习俗不再存在了。

4. occupy v.占据；占领；居住；使忙碌 The house is occupied. 这座房子有人住。 The bathroom is occupied. 浴室有人用。

The dinner occupied 2 hours. 晚餐占用了两个小时。

Many anxieties occupied his mind.他非常焦虑。 occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 某人忙于某事

5. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生，突然想到 When exactly did the accident occur? 事故发生的确切时间是什么时候？

sth occurred to/hit/struck sb. 某人突然想到...... The idea occurred to him in a dream. 在梦里，他想到这个主意。

It occurred to me that I had left my keys in the room.我突然想到我把钥匙落在房间里了。 It didn‘t occur to her to ask for help. 她没有想到要寻求帮助。 6. offer v.提供，主动提出，出价 n.提供，提议，出价，录取通知书

He offered 5000 dollars for the car. 这辆汽车他出价5000美元。

offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 提供某人某物

provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 提供某人某物

Thanks for your kind offer of help. 感谢你提供好心的帮助。

7. office n. 办公室，办公楼，政府机关，官职 officer n. 警官，军官

office building/block 办公大楼 hold office 占据要职

in office/out of office 任职/离职 take office 就任，上台

The present government took office in 1997. 8. official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 高级官员

the official language 官方语言 an official affair 公务

9. once n. 一次 adv. 曾经，从前 conj. 一旦

all at once=suddenly 突然 at once 立即

(just) for once/just this once 仅此一次

Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。

once more=once again 再一次

once upon a time 从前，很久以前 (every) once in a while 偶尔，间或

10. one n./pron. 一个人/物 num.一，一个 one by one 逐个的

one after another 一个接一个 one another 相互

11. oneself pron.自己 of oneself 自动地 for oneself 亲自

（all） by oneself 单独，独自

talk to oneself=think aloud 自言自语 enjoy oneself 玩得开心

I am not myself today. 我今天身体不舒服。 Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃些鱼。 12. only adv./adj 仅仅

I am an only child. 我是独生子。

not only…but (also)… 不仅......而且...... only to do… 竟然......（表出乎意料）

13. opening n.开始，孔，缝隙，空缺的职位，机会，通路

There are several openings in the sales department. 销售部门有一些空缺的职位。 The movie has an exciting opening. 这部电影开头很精彩。

Have you attended the opening of the Olympic Games? 你参加奥运会的开幕式了吗？

We could see the stars through an opening in the roof.我们可以通过屋顶上的缝隙看到星星。

It‘s nice to see the opening of a flower. 看到一朵花开令人很愉快。

opening hours/time 营业时间 his opening remarks 他的开场白 14. operate v.操作，手术