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Unit 4 Global warming 语言点

编稿：牛新阁 审稿： 王春霞

学习目标 重点词汇

oppose compare state range quantity tend glance steady average circumstance

重点短语

come about subscribe to go up result in even if keep on on the whole on behalf of put up with so long as and so on

重点句型

There is no doubt that...

知识讲解 重点词汇 oppose

【原句回放】On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 另一方面，还有一些人，像（科学家）乔治·汉布利反对这种观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中有高含量的二氧化碳。

【点拨】oppose vt. 反对，反抗；与（某人）较量

常用结构：

be opposed to sth. 反对，相对 （注意to是介词）

He threw all those that opposed him into prison. 他把反对他的人都投入监狱。 Many residents are opposed to the plan of building the motorway. 许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。

I’m much opposed to your going abroad. 我非常反对你出国。 【拓展1】opposed adj. 反对的，对立的 (常与to连用，to是介词)

She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad. 她仍然激烈地反对移居到国外的想法。 【拓展2】oppose和object

1. oppose 表示采取积极行动来反对，着重动作，反对的对象常为较重大的事；

2. object指个人不赞成某事，或由于与个人有关而提出反对意见；

3. oppose可以作及物动词，而object一般是不及物动词，接宾语时常加介词to。 He doesn’t oppose the plan at all. 他根本不反对这个计划。 She objects to being scolded in public. 她不想被当众斥责。

【高清课堂：Unit 4 Global warming词语精讲 compare---quantity】 compare

【原句回放】That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. 这个（数值）对你我来说很可能是无所谓的，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。 【点拨】compare v. 比较，比照

The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems. （compare A to B 把......比作......） 诗人在诗中把他的爱人比作一朵玫瑰。

Living in a town can’t compare with living in the country in many respects. 在许多方面城市生活比不上乡村生活。

（我们可以说<人>compare A with B，表示“把......与......相比”，但是如果不强调谁做比较的话，也可以说A compares with B，表示“与......相比，比得上”。）

Compared to some of the things she’s said, this was polite. （Compared to 与......相比） 与她说过的许多事情相比，这个还是客气的。 小结：

1. compare A to B有两个意思：把两个东西相比较；把A比作B。 2. compare A with B只有一个意思：和......相比较。

【拓展】comparison n. 比较，对照。（注意拼写）

make a comparison作比较

state

【原句回放】 In fact, Hambley states, “More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. ...” 事实上，汉布利这样说：“二氧化碳含量的增加事实上是件好事。......” 【点拨】state v. 意思是“说，陈述，说明”，比say更正式，语气更严肃。

Please state your name, age and occupation on the form. 请在表中说明你的姓名、年龄和职业。

（注意：state可以指口头说明或在资料等中说明某个信息。）

The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.

公交员工声称只有就工资和工作条件达成全面协议后，罢工才能结束。

【拓展】statement n. 陈述，声明

make a statement 发表声明

The man made a statement to the police. 那个人向警方发表了声明。

range

【原句回放】…, it will encourage a greater range of animals — all of which will make life for human beings better. 它还能促进更大范围的动物生长——所有这一切都会改善人类的生活。 【点拨】 1. range v. 处在……范围内，范围涉及

The team contained ten players whose ages ranged between 10 and 16. 这个队包括10个队员，年龄在10到16岁之间。

There are varieties of products ranging from television to computer software. 这里有从电视机到计算机软件的各种各样的产品。

（注意：range与所修饰词products是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作定语，range要去字母e后加-ing。） 2. range n. 范围，射程

in the range of… 在......范围内 out of range 在…...射程外

Even the cheapest property was out of our price range. 即使最便宜的东西都超出了我们的价格范围。

Your blood pressure is well within the normal range. 你的血压绝对在正常值范围内。

I tried to get out of range of the gunshot. 我努力跑出枪的射程之外。

quantity

【原句回放】 The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。 【点拨】quantity n. 数量，量

注意：

1. 注意quantity的拼写，常与quality混淆。quality意思是“质”，而“quantity”一般指“量”。

2. quantity构成的短语可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 3. a quantity of和quantities of修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般不跟它们修饰的名词一致，而要跟quantity的单复数形式一致。

1) Quantities of food were on the table. 大量食物放在桌上。

（用quantities of时，无论后面的名词是否可数，quantities是复数，谓语动词也要用复数。）

2) Like most things, it is cheaper when bought in quantity. 像大多数东西一样，买得多就便宜。（in quantity 大量的，大批的)

【拓展】表示“大量的”的短语小结：

a. 可跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词的词组

a lot of, lots of, plenty of, quantities of, a (large / great) quantity of b. 只能跟可数名词的词组

a (large / good/ great) number of, scores of, dozens of c. 只能跟不可数名词的词组

a great / good deal of, a large amount of ■ 例如：

A quantity of story books has been bought for the children. 为儿童买了大量的故事书。

We have learned a great deal of valuable experience from them. 我们从他们那里学到了许多有价值的经验。

They bought a large number of English-Chinese dictionaries in the bookstore yesterday. 他们昨天在书店买了许多英汉词典。

tend

【原句回放】 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the globe temperature to go up. 这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。 【点拨】tend vi. 趋向, 往往是 vt. 照顾

常用结构：tend to 往往会，倾向于，留意，注意 tend to do sth. 有做......倾向/趋势

You’d better tend to your own affairs. 你还是管好自己的事情吧! Women tend to live longer than men. 女性往往比男性长寿。

Since his mother was ill, he had to tend her at home. 因为母亲病了,他得在家照料她。

【拓展】tendency n. 倾向，趋势

There is a tendency towards regional cooperation. 有一种地区性合作的趋势。