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氢原子光谱和里德伯常量测定

氢原子光谱和里德伯常数测量研究性实验报告

摘要：

本文详细地介绍了氢原子光谱和里德伯常量实验的实验要求、实验原理、仪器介绍、实验内容和数据处理，并从钠黄双线无法区分的现象触发定量地分析了此现象的原因和由此产生的误差，结合光谱不够锐亮和望远镜转动带来的误差提出了创新的实验方案。从理论上论证了实验方案的可行性，总结了基础物理实验的经验感想。

关键字：氢原子光谱 里德伯常量 钠黄双线 Abstract:

This paper introduced the hydrogen atoms spectrum and Rydberg constant experiment from experimental requirements, experimental principle, instruments required, content and Data processing. Considering that the wavelength difference of Na-light double yellow line is

indistinguishable from human eyes, we analyze the cause of this phenomenon and the resulting errors quantitatively and propose an innovate experiment method combined with inadequate sharpness and lightness of the spectrum as well as the errors brought during the turning of

telescope. We verify the feasibility of this method In theory and summarizes the experience and understanding of basic physics experiment.

Key words: hydrogen atoms spectrum, Rydberg constant, Na-light double yellow line

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氢原子光谱和里德伯常数测量研究性实验报告

目录

摘要： ....................................................................................................................................... 1 关键字 ....................................................................................................................................... 1 目录 ........................................................................................................................................... 2 一．实验目的 ........................................................................................................................... 3 二．实验原理 ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.光栅衍射及其衍射 ............................................................................................................ 3 2.光栅的色散本领与色分辨本领 ........................................................................................ 4 3.氢原子光谱 ........................................................................................................................ 5 4．测量结果的加权平均 ..................................................................................................... 6 三．实验仪器 ........................................................................................................................... 7 四．实验内容 ........................................................................................................................... 7 五．实验数据及处理 ............................................................................................................... 7 1.光栅常数测量 .................................................................................................................... 8 2.氢原子光谱测里德波尔常数 ............................................................................................ 9 3.色散率和色分辨本领 ...................................................................................................... 11 六．误差的定量分析 ............................................................................................................. 11 1.人眼的分辨本领 .............................................................................................................. 12 2.计算不确定度和相对误差： .......................................................................................... 12 七．实验方案的创新设想 ..................................................................................................... 12 1.实验思路及理论验证 ...................................................................................................... 12 2.实验光路 .......................................................................................................................... 13 3.方案理论评估 .................................................................................................................. 13 八．实验感想与总结 ............................................................................................................. 13 九．参考文献 ......................................................................................................................... 13

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