一般过去时过去进行时被动语态 下载本文

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一般过去时

一、一般过去时的基本构成

1、be动词的一般现在时形式:was , were 2、其他动词用过去式的形式 二、一般过去时的基本用法

1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday. ② We visited the factory last week.

2、表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中,经常使用always,often,once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。 ① When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。

**表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。(强调现在已经不这样了)

Eg I used to get up early in the morning.

3、有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。

Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。

(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.) I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。

(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

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4、wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) 5、 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 ① 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗? I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 ② 情态动词 could, would。

Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗? 6、特殊句型:

①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”;“该……了”。 Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

② It is time that sb. did sth. “时间已迟了”;“早该……了”, Eg It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

③ would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”。 Eg I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。 三、小结:

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与一般过去时连用的连词有:last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, the other day, at that time, just now等.

过去进行时

一、过去进行时的基本构成:

was /were + 现在分词 二、 过去进行时的基本用法:

1、过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作,常和表示过去时间的状语then,at this(that) time, yesterday,at nine,last night等连用。但在不少情况下,没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示。 Eg What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九点时,你在做什么? —I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer. 昨天下午我打电话给你,但是没有人接电话。 —I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon. 我昨天下午大部分时间,都在一个朋友家里。 We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself .我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。

2、当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时,用过去进行时表示较长