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学号：
常 州 大 学 毕业设计（论文） （2012届）
题 目 学 生 学 院 专业班级 校内指导教师 专业技术职务 校外指导老师 专业技术职务
二○一二年六月
基于PLC的电机控制系统
摘要：本论文的目的在于采用PLC来控制步进电机时，可通过硬件连线和软件编程进行对步进电机的控制。通过模块化设计，以主程序调用相应的子程序和终端程序的方式来改变输入脉冲的频率和个数，可实现步进电机的速度、方向、定位等功能。 步进电动机是一种将数字脉冲信号转换成机械角位移或者线位移的数模转换元件。其基本原理是是一种将电脉冲信号转换成直线位移或角位移的执行元件，每当对其施加一个电脉冲时，其输出转过一个固定的角度。步进电机的输出位移量与输入脉冲个数成正比，其转速与单位时间内输入的脉冲数(即脉冲频率)成正比，其转向与脉冲分配到步进电机的各相绕组的脉冲顺序有关。所以只要控制指令脉冲的数量、频率及电机绕组通电的顺序，便可控制步进电机的输出位移量、速度和转向。因此，本次设计的中心思想是通过控制脉冲输出信号的频率和个数，实现步进电机的速度、方向、定位等功能。
本设计采用可编程逻辑控制器PLC的高速脉冲输出，选用的是西门子的PLC设计理念在于采用模块化设计，针对设计要求，通过主程序调用相应的子程序及中断程序来完成步进电机的不同功能。
关键字：步进电机；PLC ；高速脉冲输出
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Design of Motor Control System Based on PLC
Abstract：The purpose of this paper is that the PLC to control the stepper motor, stepper motor be controlled through hardware connection and software programming. Through modular design, the main program call the subroutine and the terminal program to change the frequency and number of the input pulse, the stepper motor speed, direction, location and other functions.
The stepper motor is a digital-analog conversion component that digital pulse signal to convert the mechanical angular displacement or linear displacement . The basic principle is an actuator that electrical pulse signal is converted into linear displacement or angular displacement, whenever imposed on an electrical pulse, the output turned a fixed angle. Output displacement of stepper motor is proportional to the number of input pulses. Its speed is proportional to input of the number of pulses in unit time (pulse frequency). Its steering is related to pulse assigned to each phase winding stepper motor pulse sequence . So long as the control of the order of the command pulse number, frequency, and motor windings energized to control the stepper motor output displacement, speed and steering. Therefore, the central idea of this design is by controlling the frequency and number of the pulse output signal, achieve the stepper motor speed, direction, and positioning.
This design uses a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), high-speed pulse output, an optional Siemens PLC design concept is a modular design, for design requirements, the main program calls the appropriate subroutine and interrupt the program to complete the stepper motor function.
Keywords: stepper motor ；PLC ；high-speed pulse output
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