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语法专项提升 专题九

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．In his report, the official showed special concern over the increasing crime rate, which was a symptom of society's moral decline.

解析 句意：在这位官员的报告中， 他特别关注犯罪率的增长，这是社会道德下降的征兆。这是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代上句的the increasing crime rate。

2．A housing bubble is an economic situation which/that occurs when house prices rise much too fast.

解析 句意：房地产泡沫是一种经济形势，这种经济形势在房价上升太快的时候就会产生。引导词代替先行词situation，并在从句中作主语。

3．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 解析 句意：我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。先行词为next week，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The weather may be better next week.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语。

4．I'm told that www.languagepractising.com is a free website where learners can not just learn various languages but also chat online.

解析 句意：有人告诉我www.languagepractising.com是一个免费网站，在网站里学习者不仅可以学习各种语言，还可以在线聊天。先行词website可以被看作是一个表示地点的名词，此处用where引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语。

5．A successful life is a life where challenges are met and difficulties are overcome. 解析 句意：一个成功的人生是迎接挑战和克服困难的一生。先行词life为具有抽象地点概念的名词，引导词在从句中作地点状语。where＝in which。

6．Car racing is an adventurous sport, popular with young men, where quick mind and skill matter much more than anything else.

解析 句意：赛车是一项冒险的运动，受年轻人欢迎，在这项运动中敏捷的思维和技巧尤为重要。where 相当于in which，引导一个定语从句，先行词sport为具有抽象地点概念

的名词，引导词在从句中作地点状语，意为“在运动中”。

7．I'll never forget such a beautiful place because/for I spent my childhood there with my grandma.

解析 句意：我永远不会忘记这样一个美丽的地方，因为我和我奶奶在那里度过了我的童年。这是一个陷阱题，稍不注意就会因前面的such而误用as，因place而误用where。实际上，空格后的部分是一个完整的句子，前后为因果关系。因此because/for在此处引导原因状语从句。

8．Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.

解析 句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为地球不可能是唯一一个有生命进化的星球。先行词为planet，且引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where, 相当于on which，即on the planet。

9．If you are travelling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

解析 句意：如果你在那些风俗习惯你完全不熟悉的地方旅行，请一定要入乡随俗。句中travel是不及物动词，用where 引导地点状语从句。

10．—I've been told that you are not content with your present job. —Yeah. I am looking for a job where I can put my talent to good use. 解析 句意：——我听说你对你目前的工作不满意。——是的，我在找一份可以让我好好发挥才能的工作。先行词是job时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用where/in which来引导定语从句，意即in the job I can...。

11．The process of curing a disease is like a war where different soldiers fight against an enemy.

解析 句意：治疗疾病的过程就像一场战争，在这场战争里，不同的士兵抗击一个敌人。本句的先行词是war, 此处为具有抽象概念的名词且引导词在从句中作状语，因此填in which或where，“在战争中”即in the war。

12．Next, try talking with a student who is as shy as you or whoshares(share) the same interest as you.

解析 句意：接下来，试着和一个与你同样害羞的或与你有同样爱好的同学交谈。本句定语从句的先行词是a student，是单数，or连接两个并列的定语从句，故share使用第三人称单数形式。

13．I am sure it was because of herthat I became a story teller.

解析 句意：我敢肯定是因为她的缘故，我才成为一个讲故事的人。it is...that是强调句结构。

14．He is an optimistic and learned man, for whom we students all show respect.

解析 句意：他是一个乐观、博学的人，我们学生都尊重他。whom引导非限制性定语从句，且作介词for的宾语。

15．Though it is 30 years since we last met, I still remember the scene where we got separated on a rainy day.

解析 句意：虽然距离我们上次见面有30年了，但我仍然记得我们在雨天分别的场景。先行词是scene，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导定语从句。

16．You should be careful of such a person as flatters you in your presence and speaks ill of you in behind.

解析 句意：你应该小心那种人——在你面前奉承你，在你背后说你的坏话。当先行词前有such，引导词在从句中作主语或宾语时，用关系代词as。

17．He came to a point where there was no more road to follow, and before him he could see nothing but a thick forest.

解析 句意：他来到一个地方，前面没有路，在他面前除了一片茂密的森林外，他什么也看不见。当先行词是point时，如果引导词在从句中作地点状语，则用关系副词where引导。

18．It is with great regret that I am writing this letter of apology to you.

解析 句意：我怀着深深的懊悔给您写这封信道歉。注意此句是强调句(it is...that...)，并非定语从句。

19．Instead we should spend more time playing sports or talking with our friends, which helps/will_help(help) us relax and communicate.