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专题一 构词法

[全国卷考情分析]

题型 典题试做 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However，be careful(care) not to go to extremes. 语法 填空 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly→sudden stop just in the 短文 改错 middle of the road. 1.形容词和副词的错用； 命题解读 语法填空中主要考查： 1．给出形容词提示词，填写副词或名词； 2．给出动词，填写名词或形容词； 3．给出名词，填写形容词。 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time，they 2．形容词和名词的错用； are interesting→interested in planting vegetables in their garden，which is on the rooftop of their house.

(对应学生用书第169页)

3．-ed与-ing形容词的错用。

[先试做题组] Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2017·江西红色七校一联)He sat down and started gently(gentle) talking to the dog.

2．Similarly(similar)，when Ron Webster borrowed a book from the library of the

形容词变副词的后缀 University of Liverpool，he forgot to return it，too.

3．But such a small thing couldn't possibly(possible)destroy a village.

【导学号：33220091】

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Parents and teachers always think students should spend more time on their studies，but students themselves think different.different→differently 2．(2017·宿迁三校质检)She tore up the letter angry and threw it into the dustbin.

angry→angrily

【导学号：33220092】

[再解读要点]

变化形式 一般情况下直接加“-ly” 例词 quick →quickly fluent →fluently stupid →stupidly 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再true →truly polite →politely wide 加-ly；绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的→widely wise →wisely 形容词直接加-ly nice →nicely 以“y”结尾的，且读音为 /I/, 先将“y”happy →happily heavy →heavily 改成“i”，再加“ly”； 但是如果读音为 /aI/, 直接加ly angry →angrily busy →busily dry →dryly shy →shyly economic →economically 以ic结尾的词，加ally basic →basically (例外：public →publicly) simple →simply terrible →terribly 以辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y；gentle →gently possible →possibly 元音字母加le时，直接加ly probable →probably sole →solely (例外：whole →wholly)

形容词变名词的后缀

[先试做题组] Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．My English improved a lot；more importantly，I gained much confidence (confident)．

2．That little act of kindness(kind) made everyone who saw it feel good－but it made me feel the best of all! Ⅱ.单句改错

(2017·山东师大附中月考)We fear that we do not have the strong and courage to face the truth of our situation.strong→strength [再解读要点]

后缀 例词 -age short →shortage不足；短缺 efficient →efficiency效率；功效 -cy fluent →fluency流利；流畅 accurate →accuracy准确性 private →privacy隐私；私密 -dom free →freedom自由；自主 wise →wisdom明智；智慧 weak →weakness虚弱；弱点 -ness kind →kindness仁慈；好意 careless →carelessness粗心大意 dark →darkness黑暗 strong →strength力气；强项 -th warm →warmth温暖；热情 true →truth真相；真理 wide →width宽度 -y -ty -ity difficult →difficulty困难 cruel →cruelty残酷；残暴