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Yes. It violated the maxim of quantity. 14. The best of 4 x 4 x far (an automobile ads.) Yes. It violated the maxim of manner. 15．Was Hitler going to be moderate? Yes. It violated the maxim of quality 16. War is war.

Yes. It violated the maxim of quantity.

17. Husband: Let’s give kids something to eat.

Wife: Yes, but I veto C-H-O-C-O-L-A-T-E. Yes. It violated the maxim of manner

V. For the following sentences, you are required to identify presupposition triggers first and then give a semantic presupposition for each. (每题2分) 1. The flying saucer came again. 2. Jane’s husband went to Newcastle

3. Before the child goes to school, he must finish his homework. 4. If I had not had a cold, I would have gone to the shopping mall. 5. What Mary lost was her purse.

6. I regret having drunk John’s homebrew. 7. John realized that he had made a mistake. 8. Mary managed to finish in time. 9. John stopped beating his child.

10. John accused Bill of stealing the book

11. The Prime Minister forgot to keep a record of her instructions at the time arms were exported to Italy. 12. Carol is a better student than Bill. 13. They returned to the place. 14. Why are you late today? 15. I left before he ate his cake.

16. It wasn’t she who took away Larry’s notebook. 17. The flying saucer came before.

18. Tom regrets drinking John’s home brew. 19. If music was the food of love, play on. 20. I stopped jogging after a visit to the doctor. 21. Is there a professor of linguistics at MIT? 22. After he married, he became hen-pecked. 23. We happened to run out of fuel. 24. He saw a man with two heads. 25. Nobody realised that Lily was ill.

答案：1、The flying saucer came before.(again) 2、Jane has a husband.(Jane’s husband) 3、The child goes to school. (Before…) 4、I had a cold. (If …) 5、Mary lost something. (What Mary lost was …)

6、I have drunk John’s homebrew. (regret) 7、John made a mistake. (realized)

8、Mary tried hard to finish in time. (managed) 9、John beat his child. (stop)

10、 John thought that John stole a book (accuse)

11、 The Prime Minister should have kept a record of her instructions at the time arms were

exported to Italy.

12、 Bother Carol and Bill are students. 13、 They left the place. 14、 You are late today. 15、 He ate his cake.

16、 Someone took away Larry’s notebook. 17、 The flying saucer came at least once. 18、Tom drank John’s home brew.

19、Music wasn’t the food of love. 20、I jogged before.

21、There is either a professor of linguistics at MIT or there isn’t. 22、He married.

23、We didn’t expect to run out of fuel. 24、There existed a man with two heads. 25、Lily was ill.

VI. Multiple Choices （每题2分）

Directions: For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with more than one utterance underneath. Read the description of each situation with the utterances and decide which is the most appropriate utterance in that situation.

1. One day, when an American lady accidentally bumped into Wei Lin. Lady: I'm terribly sorry.

Wei: A) It doesn't matter. B) Never mind. C) That's all right. D) Don't worry.

2. Jane is talking to her friends Bill and Pat outside the cinema. Jane: Well, what did you think of the film, then?

Bill: Oh, I thought it was great. Didn't you think so, Pat? Pat: A) Well, maybe. B) No.

C) Yes, in a way. But I've seen better. D) Yes. I dare say you are right. But I've seen better.

3. At a bus stop

Man: Excuse me, do you know which bus to catch for London Road, please? Woman: A) It doesn't matter. B) Oh. C) Never mind. D) Thank you (He then went to another person.)

4. In a factory, Li, the guide, is interpreting for a group of foreign guests. When they have finished visiting one workshop, he would like the group to follow him to the next workshop. He says: A) This way, please. B) Come here! C) Follow me! D) Move on!

5. Li had something to tell the manager, Mr Smith, so he went to his place, entering the room and said: A) You're not busy, I hope. B) Got a minute?

C) Can I have a word with you Mr Smith? D) I'm terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr Smith.

6. If someone gives you directions in English so quickly that you don't understand, you might respond: A) \

B) \

C) \ D) Try to repeat the direction to the person.

7. Hsiao Ma is an interpreter. One day a foreign visitor, Mr Brown, talks to him. Brown: Your English is quite fluent.

Ma: A) Thank you. It's kind of you to say so.

B) No, no, my English is poor. C) No, not at all. D) Oh, no, far from that. I still have a long way to go. 8. Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Peng Fei.

B: I was told that you won the 100-meter race in the all-city track meet this morning. Congratulations! P: A) Just lucky. B) Thank you.

C) I can't say I did well this morning. D) I could have done better if it hadn't been so cold.

9. \

A) teacher and student. B) husband and wife. C) sisters. D) friends.

10. Your friend's mother, Mrs Keeler, asked if you would like something to eat. What would you say to refuse

politely?

You: A) Not for the moment, thank you, Mrs Keeler, I'm full. B) No, thanks. I've just had lunch. C) Oh, no, Mrs Keeler, I haven't long had lunch. D) I'm full and have no room for any more.

11. Mr Timms has arrived for a meeting, which, unfortunately, has been cancelled.

Mrs Banks: I'm terribly sorry about not letting you know sooner, Mr Timms, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the last minute and there simply wasn't enough time to inform everyone. Mr Timms: A) Oh, don't let it worry you, Mrs Banks. I quite understand. B) Oh, that's OK, Mrs Banks. I understand.

C) Oh, it doesn't matter, Mrs Banks. D) Oh, don't worry about it, Mrs Banks.

12. If you are attending a family gathering and would like to know what the familial relationship is between

one member and another, you may ask:

A) Is he your...? B) How are you related? C) Who's that woman? D) What's the relationship between you and that woman?

13. When introduced to an older professor or to a friend's parents, what would you say?

A) \ B) \

C) \ D) \

14. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to the cinema, too. Li: A) Good afternoon, Professor Blake. B) Are you going to the film? C) Where are you going? D) You're going to the film, aren't you?

15. When introducing yourself to someone you don't know at a party, what would you say?

A) Hi, I'm . B) May I introduce myself to you and at the same time I make your acquaintance? C) Hi, I'd like to meet you. D) Hi, I'm . Do you know many people here?

16. Jack phones Hsiao Song's office.

Jack: Hello, I'd like to speak to Song Hua, please.

Song: A) I'm Song Hua. B) This is Song Hua speaking.

C) Oh, come on. You've got time for one more cup of coffee, surely? D) Well, it's still early. There's no hurry.

17. Mrs Li has been having lunch with Mrs Sullivan.

Mrs Li has just explained that she has to leave.

Mrs S: A) Do you really have to go, Mrs Li? Couldn't you at least stay for another cup of coffee? B) Oh, no, you can't.

C) Oh, come on. You've got time for one more cup of coffee, surely? D) Well, it's still early. There's no hurry.

18. You've just been asked out to dinner but you don't want to go with the person who invited you. You might

say:

A) I don't think so. I already have plans. B) No, I really don't enjoy being with you. C) I'm dieting so I mustn't go out to eat. D) Thanks a lot but I'm busy tonight.

19. Mr Graham met his teacher, Mrs South, outside the library.

Mr G: Good Morning, Mrs South. How are you?

Mrs S: Very well, thank you, Mr Graham, and how are you?

Mr G: A) Oh, can't complain. B) I'm very well, too, thank you. C) Same old thing. D) Ok.

20. Mr Green's secretary, Pat Kent, went to the airport to meet Mr Barnes for her boss.

Miss Kent: A) Excuse me, would you be Mr Barnes? B) Are you Mr Barnes? C) Excuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr Barnes? D) You are Mr Barnes, aren't you?

21. Patrick is sitting in a car with some friends. He has just asked if anyone minds him smoking. One of the

friends in the car, Gillian, is allergic to smoke. What would she say? P: Ok if I smoke here?

G: A) Would you mind if I said no, Patrick? B) Can't you stay without smoking?

C) It's not Ok. D) No, of course not.

22. Wu Hua had a question to ask his foreign teacher. He went to Professor James's place. After he got the

answer, he got up to leave.

Wu: A) Well, that's clear, thank you very much. B) Well, I've got to go now.

C) Ok. Thanks. D) I'm afraid I must go now.

23. If someone offers you some food that you really don't like, you might say:

A) I'm fed up. B) I don't care for that. C) Sure, I'd love some more. D) Thanks, but I'm really full.

24. Wei Dong met his English teacher, Dr Johns, outside the classroom.

We: A) Hi, Dr Johns. B) Hello, teacher. C) Morning, Dr Johns. D) Good morning, teacher Johns.

25. Miss Wells has been late for school quite recently. After class, her teacher, Professor Thyme, talks to her.

Pro. Thyme: Er...Miss Wells. I'm sorry to have to mention this, but could you possibly try to be a little earlier in the morning? This is the third time you've been late this week.

Miss Wells: A) Oh, I'm awfully sorry, Professor Thyme, but I really will try to be on time. B) Oh, dear! I'm sorry, Professor Thyme.

C) Ok, I'm sure to come earlier next time. D) Please excuse me this time. I won't be late next time.

26. A and B are neighbors.

A: My cat knocked over my new vase this morning.

B: A) What a shame. B) A shame. C) Shame on you. D) Shame!

27. Mrs Brown has been spending the afternoon with an acquaintance, Mrs Sullivan. She has just got up to go.

The hostess addresses her guest as follows:

a) Are you leaving yet? b) Are you leaving already? c) Aren't you leaving yet? d) Aren't you leaving already?

28. Meeting unexpectedly a friend he hadn't seen for years, Jim voiced his surprise:

a) No! b) Yes! c) Oh! d) Hey!

29. Tome is talking to his school-mate, David.

Tom: How did you do in the exam, David?

David: I barely passed. I make a hopeless mess of it. I don't know why I did so badly. Tom: A) Just try to forget about it.

B) It's not worth worrying about. You'll do better next time. C) It doesn't matter. D) Cheer up.

30. If your English teacher uses a Latin word you don't know, you might

A) say nothing and pretend that you have understood. B) say, \C) say, \

D) say, \

31. When you are invited for the first time to the Browns' house and offered a cup of coffee, you

A) should rise and receive it. B) should rise and say, \C) should make a slight rising movement.

D) can remain seated and receive it with a smile and say, \

32. If you were invited to an American guest's house for dinner now, what would be the best time to arrive?

A) 15 minutes later. B) 15 minutes earlier. C) On time. D) 1 hour earlier.

33. How would a host indicate to a guest that it was time to leave?

A) The host would announce, \ B) The host would start cleaning up. C) The host would start yawning.

D) The host wouldn't say anything, so the guest would leave at a time he thought was reasonable.

34. At a dinner, you can begin to eat

A) when the guests sitting beside you begin. B) when the hostess says, \

C) when the main course is served. D) when the hostess picks up her own spoon or fork..

35. B is in the way.

A: May I get through here?