高三英语一轮复习专题撬分练专题8名词和主谓一致 下载本文

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名词和主谓一致

基础组

A.单句填空(每小题1.5分,共15分,限时6分钟) 1.[2016·衡水二中热身]Kathie is reading the note which ________(be) left in the drawer the other day. 答案 was [句意:凯茜正在看前几天被放在抽屉里的便条。which引导定语从句修饰note,且在从句中作主语,所以谓语动词应用单数,又根据句中the other day可知应用一般过去时,故填was。]

2.[2016·武邑中学期末]To everyone's ________ (satisfy), the girl finished the job quite well.

答案 satisfaction [句意:令每个人满意的是,那个女孩出色地完成了工作。to one's+n. 是固定用法,意为“令某人……的是”,故设空处应用名词形式。] 3.[2016·衡水二中预测]As a businessman, Mr Green is a complete failure. Being lazy may well be one of the ________ (advantage) to his failure.

答案 disadvantages [句意:作为一个商人,格林先生是一个完全失败的人。懒惰很可能就是导致他失败的缺点之一。根据句意可知此处是说导致失败的缺点,又根据“one of+复数名词”结构可知,此处应用disadvantages。] 4.[2016·枣强中学月考]He didn't put the things where they belonged, for which reason he got his ________ (punish).

答案 punishment [句意:他没有把东西放回原处,为此他受到了惩罚。his是形容词性物主代词,后面应接名词,punishment意为“惩罚”,为不可数名词。]

5.[2016·衡水二中猜题]Many experts thought that there is a definite ________ (connect) between citizens' heart problems and their ways of life. 答案 connection [句意:许多专家认为市民的心脏问题和他们的生活方式有一定的联系。definite为形容词,修饰的词应该是名词,故填connection。]

6.[2016·衡水二中一轮检测]No one in the department but Tom and I ________ (know) that the director is going to resign.

答案 knows [句意:除了我和汤姆,部门里没人知道经理即将辞职。主语后有but连接的成分时,谓语动词的形式与主语一致,主语no one表示单数;根据下文的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填knows。]

7.[2016·冀州中学周测]Going off to college, especially a great one, ________ (expand) our mind and helps us prepare better for our future.

答案 expands [句意:进入大学,尤其是名牌大学,使我们开拓思路,并帮助我们更好地为未来作准备。动名词作主语,谓语动词是单数,and连接两个并列谓语,由helps可知此处为一般现在时,故用expands。]

8.[2016·冀州中学热身]Neither I nor Amy ________ (be) to attend the business conference if we are busy.

答案 is [句意:如果我和艾米都忙的话,就都不去参加商务会议了。neither...nor...连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。本题应与Amy一致,根据从句的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填is。]

9.[2016·枣强中学周测]With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ (be) being washed away each year.

答案 are [句意:随着更多的森林被破坏,目前每年都有大量的优质土壤被冲走。

1

“quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词应与quantities保持一致,故应用复数形式。根据句意可知,题干阐述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时。故填are。]

10.[2016·冀州中学预测]I feel it is your husband who ________ (be) to blame for the spoiled child.

答案 is [句意:我感觉你丈夫应该为这个宠坏的孩子负责。句中的it is...who...构成了强调句型,此处强调的是主语your husband,故谓语要用单数形式,再根据语境可知此处应用一般现在时,故填is。]

B.单句改错(每小题1分,共5分,限时3分钟) 1.[2016·衡水二中期中]Great pity! His illness is beyond the treat available so far. ________________________________________________________ 答案 treat→treatment [句意:太遗憾了!他的疾病到目前为止还没有有效的治疗方法。设空处在句中作介词beyond的宾语,且其前有定冠词the 修饰,故用名词形式。treat作名词意为“款待”。treatment为治序。]

2.[2016·武邑中学热身]You can tell about a person by what he says about others in their absent.

________________________________________________________ 答案 absent→absence [句意:你可以根据一个人在背后对其他人的评价来判断此人。根据限定语their可知,此处应用名词形式。]

3.[2016·衡水二中月考]Sometimes a heartfelt “I'm sorry” fix everything right away.

________________________________________________________

答案 fix→fixes [句意:有时一个真诚的道歉可以立刻弥补一切。分析句法可知,此处的I'm sorry作为一个整体在句中作主语,表单数;再根据标志词sometimes可知,用一般现在时。故用fixes。]

4.[2016·枣强中学仿真]The house was within a stone's throw of a railway station from which there is frequent trains to the big city. ________________________________________________________

答案 is→were [句意:这所房子距火车站仅有一步之遥,从火车站开往那个大城市的火车有很多趟。there be 句型中的谓语动词与其后的名词保持一致。此句中名词trains为复数,根据上文中的was可知,谓语动词用were。]

5.[2016·衡水二中周测]What impresses the readers most are the author's humor and wisdom.

________________________________________________________ 答案 are→is [句意:使读者们印象最深的是作者的幽默和智慧。分析句子结构可知,what引导的从句在句中作主语,谓语动词应用单数。又根据上文的impresses可知此处应用一般现在时,故用is。] 能力组

A.单句填空(每小题1.5,共15分,限时8分钟)

1.[2016·冀州中学模拟]I like eating meat, but what was once an innocent pleasure ________ (be) now a very guilty one.

答案 is [句意:我喜欢吃肉,但是曾经单纯的快乐现在成了一种愧疚感。分析句子结构可知,此句中的主语是what引导的主语从句。从句作主语,谓语动词用单数;另外根据关键词now可知,用一般现在时。故填is。]

2.[2016·衡水中学一轮检测]When you are faced with challenges, you should believe

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that ________ (confident) is what makes a difference.

答案 confidence [句意:当面对挑战时,你应该相信信心是产生作用的因素。所填词在that引导的宾语从句中作主语,故应该用名词,confidence意为“信心”。]

3.[2016·衡水中学猜题]At the press conference, a government spokesman expressed his great concern for the ________ (safe) of the three trapped workers. 答案 safety [句意:在记者会上,一个政府发言人表达了他对三个被困工人安全的关心。定冠词the后是名词,故填safety。] 4.[2016·枣强中学热身]Last year alone the temporary unemployment insurance lifted 2.5 million people out of ________ (poor), and cushioned the blow for many more. 答案 poverty [句意:仅去年一年,短期的失业保险使250万人摆脱了贫困,而且为更多人起到了缓冲作用。of是介词,所以其宾语应该为名词形式,poverty意为“贫穷,贫困”。] 5.[2016·衡水中学预测]The deal, to be completed next week, will allow Charney to make a great ________ (fortunate) in the stock market.

答案 fortune [句意:下个星期将要完成的交易,将使查尼在股票市场挣很大的一笔钱。make a fortune是固定短语,意为“赚大钱”。]

6.[2016·冀州中学期末]—The manager of the factory wants to improve ________ (produce) a great deal, but he doesn't spend much on technology.

—I am afraid he won't realize his dream. You know you can't eat your cake and have it.

答案 production [句意:——工厂的经理希望大量提高产量,但他并没有在技术上投入很多。——恐怕他不会实现自己的梦想的。要知道不能两者兼得。improve是动词,其宾语应该为名词,production意为“产量;生产”。]

7.[2016·衡水中学热身]The ________ (popular) of his books among parents and the recommendation of experts both at home and abroad have quickly made him a celebrity educator.

答案 popularity [句意:他的书深受家长们的欢迎,加上国内外专家的大力推荐,使他很快就成为了一名知名教育家。定冠词the后接名词,故填popularity。] 8.[2016·武邑中学月考]After further education in London, his knowledge and ________ (compete) were finally recognized by his employer.

答案 competence [句意:在伦敦深造以后,他的知识和能力最终得到老板的认可。and连接并列成分,knowledge是名词,因此设空处应填名词competence,意为“胜任;能力”。] 9.[2016·武邑中学一轮检测]Being creative ________ (look) like a good way to add years to your life.

答案 looks [句意:具有创造性是一个能让你长寿的好方法。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。]

10.[2016·冀州中学一轮检测]There ________ (be) no significant difference between a girl and a boy in terms of the structure and function of their brains.

答案 is [句意:就大脑的结构和功能来说,男孩和女孩之间没有明显的区别。there be句型中谓语动词的数跟后面的主语保持一致。本句主语是difference,故谓语用单数。] B.单句改错(每小题1分,共5分,限时3分钟)

1.[2016·枣强中学预测]—Jeremy Lin works extremely hard. —So he does. He is often seen sweating heavily before his teammate have even arrived at the gym.

________________________________________________________

3

答案 teammate→teammates [句意:——林书豪非常努力。——是的,他常常是在队友到达体育馆之前就已经满身是汗了。根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词应该与主语保持一致,从句谓语动词have为复数形式,其对应的主语也应用复数。故将teammate改为teammates。] 2.[2016·衡水中学仿真]I will never sell my furnitures to anyone at any time, whatever he may pay for it.

________________________________________________________ 答案 furnitures→furniture [句意:在任何时候我都不会把我的家具卖给任何人,不管他开价多少。furniture是不可数名词,不用复数形式。]

3.[2016·冀州中学期中]—I feel terrible. I didn't do well in the math test. —Don't take it too hard. You're already making progresses and will surely learn it well.

________________________________________________________

答案 progresses→progress [句意:——我感觉糟透了,我在数学考试中没考好。——别太看重了,你已经取得了进步,一定会学好的。progress是不可数名词,不用复数形式。] 4.[2016·衡水中学模拟]I'm going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandmother.

________________________________________________________

答案 live→lives [句意:我将去上海过暑假,我奶奶住在那里。在where引导的定语从句中,从句中的主语grandmother是单数,且时态是一般现在时,故将live改为lives。] 5.[2016·武邑中学仿真]I have a habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late.

________________________________________________________

答案 make→makes [句意:我有喝咖啡的习惯,这让我在不得不熬夜的时候精力充沛。which引导的定语从句修饰前面整个句子,which在定语从句中作主语,故谓语动词应用单数,将make改为makes。] 强化组

A.语篇型语法填空(每空1.5分,共15分,限时8分钟)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号单词的正确形式。

[2016·冀州中学猜题]As an old English saying goes, “honesty is the best policy”. It is more than an old cliché(陈词滥调), but__1__ good way to live your life. First, honesty is the __2__ (easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies. Second, honesty gives us much __3__ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people __4__ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are __5__ (true) free.

If there were two people __6__ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person __7__ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely __8__ (believe)? I'm sure most people would side with the honest person. __9__ we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is __10__ (you). What will you choose?

1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________

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9.________ 10.________

本文是一篇议论文,论述了诚实的重要性。

1.a [考查冠词。句意:这不是陈词滥调,而是一种好的生活方式。根据句意可知,此处与上文的an old cliché对应,指一种生活方式。故填a,表示“一种”。]

2.easiest [考查形容词比较等级。根据语境可知,此处指我们作出的最容易的选择,定冠词后常用最高级。故填easiest。]

3.freedom [考查词性转换。句意:第二,诚实给了我们很多的自由。此处需要free的名词形式作give的宾语,故填freedom。]

4.will pay [考查动词时态。根据关键词Sooner or later可知,此处是说那些不诚实的人迟早会为他们的行为付出代价,用一般将来时态。故填will pay。]

5.truly [考查词性转换。修饰形容词应当用副词,故应填true的副词形式truly。] 6.standing [考查非谓语动词。此空作people的后置定语,要用非谓语动词,根据动词与people的逻辑上的主动关系可知,应用现在分词standing。]

7.who/that [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词person,且在从句中作主语,故填who或that。]

8.to believe [考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“可能做某事”,故填不定式to believe。]

9.Either [考查固定结构。根据句中的关键词or以及语境可以断定,此处考查either...or...结构。故填Either。]

10.yours [考查代词。根据语境可知,此处表示“这是你的选择”。用名词性物主代词作表语,相当于your choice。]

B.语篇型短文改错(每处错误1分,共10分,限时8分钟)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

[2016·衡水中学期末]Two years ago, I was in greatly depression. I worked hard at piano learning and devoted all my spare time to practice it. But I failed to pass the B Level Test, that made me quite disappointed. So I turned to my grandpa on advice when I got home. Hearing of what I told him, he smiled, “Test result sometimes cannot show your real ability and level. Thus, my progress should not be judged only by one test. ” He encouraged me to work hard for the next year's B Level Test. I take my grandpa's advice. Now the certificate of the B Level is in front of me, but I've realized that the process of learning is much important. 答案

Two years ago, I was in greatly depression. I worked hard at piano learning and

great

devoted all my spare time to practice it. But I failed to pass the B Level Test,

practicing

that made me quite disappointed. So I turned to my grandpa on advice when I got home.

which

for

5