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考点04语法填空——2020届高三《新题速递·英语》

（1）2020届福建省福州市高三毕业班适应性测试

For a long time bats 41. (be) one of the most feared creatures in the animal kingdom. Many pop culture associations with them are 42. (relate) to vampire (吸血鬼). Though these associations are complete misunderstandings, bats do have a dark side as a 43. (danger) disease vector (传播媒介). So there is good reason to be exceptionally cautious if you come into contact with bats. However, the fact is 44. bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem.

Many organic farmers have learned about the benefits of 45. (have) bats nearby to help manage the amount of pests that show up without pesticides. One brown bat — about 46. size of a human thumb — can consume about 600 mosquitoes and other unwanted insects within an hour. They make for a fantastic, almost essential 47. (add) to pest management on any farm.

Even large government organizations have realized the economic benefits of bats. The United States Geological Survey estimates that bat contributions 48. pest management save the country at 49. (little) 3.7 billion dollars per year. Without them, we would likely experience a dramatic drop in food production, which would eventually make 50. (it) way into our weekly grocery bills. 【答案】

41. have been42. related43. dangerous44. that45. having 46. the47. addition48. to49. least50. its

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。蝙蝠一直被认为是动物中最可怕的动物之一，但蝙蝠在保持生态平衡方面起着重要的作用，而且某些大型政府组织也意识到了蝙蝠的经济效益。

41. 考查时态。句意：很长一段时间以来，蝙蝠一直是动物王国里最可怕的动物之一。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，再根据语境可知，for a long time意为“很长是一段时间”，常与现在完成时连用，又因主语是bats，故填have been。

42. 考查固定搭配。句意：许多与吸血鬼有关的流行文化。根据句意可知，be related to是固定搭配，意为“与……有关”，故填related。

43. 考查形容词。句意：尽管这些联系是完全的误解，蝙蝠作为一种危险的疾病媒介确实有其黑暗的一面。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词修饰disease，再根据句意可知，dangerous是danger的形容词形式，意为“危险的”，故填dangerous。

44. 考查表语从句。句意：然而，事实是蝙蝠在保持生态平衡方面起着重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，空

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处填连接代词，再结合句意可知，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导表语从句，且在从句中不做成分且不能省略，故填that。

45. 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多有机农场的农民已经了解到在附近饲养蝙蝠的好处，因为这样可以帮助管理大量不使用杀虫剂的害虫。根据空前介词of可知，空处填动名词，故填having。

46. 考查固定搭配。句意：一只大约人类拇指大小的棕色蝙蝠可以在一小时内吃掉大约600只蚊子和其他讨厌的昆虫。根据句意可知，the size of是固定搭配，意为“……的尺寸”，故填the。

47. 考查名词。句意：它们对任何农场的害虫管理来说都是一个极好的，几乎是必不可少的补充。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，addition是add的名词形式，意为“附加、添加”，故填addition。

48. 考查固定搭配。句意：美国地质调查局估计，蝙蝠对害虫管理的贡献每年至少为美国节省37亿美元。根据句意可知，contribute to是固定搭配，意为“有助于、捐献”，故填to。

49. 考查固定搭配。句意：美国地质调查局估计，蝙蝠对害虫管理的贡献每年至少为美国节省37亿美元。根据句意可知，at least是固定搭配，意为“至少”，故填least。

50. 考查代词。句意：如果没有它们，我们可能会经历食品产量的急剧下降，这最终会影响到我们每周的食品消费。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词性物主代词，再根据句意可知，make one's way into是固定结构，意为“向……进发；前往某处”，故填its。

（2）2020届四川省攀枝花市高三第二次统一考试

An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle (狗刨式游泳) — it helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet’s owner Judy said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination (协调). Her balance is 41. good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them feel good to know that Ricochet is there with them, 42. (keep) them company.”

Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. 43. (Dress) in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a comforting presence.

Judy was 44. (severe) disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus 45. what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said.

A car crash 46. (leave) Ian, a six-year-old boy, with brain damage. 47. he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he 48. (tell) he could try a tandem surf (双人冲浪) session with Ricochet. Their session was 49. (success) and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear.

Over the last 10 months, Ricochet’s excellent 50. (performance) have raised ￡30,000 for a number of charity

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causes. 【答案】

41. so42. keeping43. Dressed44. severely45. on

46. left47. Although/Though48. was told49. successful50. performances

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是一只让人难以置信的狗Ricochet在冲浪平衡方面能帮助残障孩子，激发他们的自信心并起到陪伴作用，她还为慈善事业筹得了善款。

41. 考查so…that引导的结果状语从句。句意：她的平衡能力很好，可以帮助孩子们稳定滑板。此处good是形容词，由so修饰，是so…that引导的结果状语从句。故填so。

42. 考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：知道Ricochet和他们在一起，陪伴着他们，让他们感觉很好。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故填keeping。

43. 考查形容词短语作状语。句意：穿着一件黄色夹克，Ricochet有助于平衡冲浪板，并起到安慰的作用。固定短语：be dressed in“穿着……”。在这个短语中过去分词dressed已经演变成了形容词，所以此处是形容词短语作状语，故填Dressed。

44. 考查副词。句意：朱迪从十几岁起就严重残疾。此处disabled“残疾的”，是形容词，由副词来修饰。所给词severe“严重的”是形容词，其副词形式是severely，故填severely。

45. 考查固定词组。句意：Ricochet教会我专注于我能做什么，而不是我不能做什么。固定词组：focus on“集中于”。故填on。

46. 考查一般过去时态。句意：6岁的小男孩伊恩在一次车祸中脑部受损。此处指以前的车祸，所以句子用用一般过去时态，故填left。

47. 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然事故发生前他很喜欢冲浪，但他太紧张了，不敢再下水。分析句子结构，再结合句意可知是Although/Though引导的让步状语从句，故填Although/Though。

48. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：当他被告知可以和Ricochet尝试双人冲浪时，他的恐惧变成了兴奋。主句是一般过去时态，所以从句也指过去，从句的主语he，单数第三人称，和tell之间是一种被动关系，所以这用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填was told。

49. 考查形容词作表语。句意：他们的活动很成功，结束时，伊恩笑得合不拢嘴。此处was是连系动词，后面用形容词作表语，故填successful。

50. 考查名词复数。句意：在过去的10个月里，Ricochet出色的表演为一些慈善事业筹集了3万英镑。此处performance“表演”是可数名词，在根据谓语动词have可知这里要用名词复数，故填performances。

（3）2020届山东省潍坊五县高三联合模拟

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Sun Yang wins men's 400m freestyle in FINA Champions Swim Series on January 15 in Shenzhen. “My 400m free remains smooth all the time, showing that my training is36. (effect). My goal this year is37. (win) at the Olympic Games,\ (perfect) showed his dominant power in the 400m freestyle event in front of all his home fans, 40. (suggest) that he is aiming high for the upcoming Tokyo Olympic Games.

Liu Xiang bagged her second gold medal in the 50m freestyle in 24. 04. “I got41. cold after I arrived here three days ago, 42. I did not expect to win with a time equaling my personal best,\ 43. (collect) 9 gold medals as the biggest winner.

According to FINA official website, the brand-new “FINA Champions Swim Series\44. (gather) the top athletes of the sport, and it has an original 45. (compete) format including finals with only four swimmers. 【答案】

36. effective37. to win38. by39. perfectly40. suggesting 41. a42. so43. has collected44. gathering45. competition

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孙杨和刘湘在国际泳联冠军游泳系列赛获得冠军。 36. 考查形容词。根据前面的名词“my training”和be动词“was”可知，此处应用形容词。故填effective。 37. 考查动词不定式。句意：我今年的目标是在奥运会上获胜。分析句子可知，此处表示目的，所以用to+动词原形。故填to win。

38. 考查介词。句意：在周二的200米自由泳以0.03输给了拉普西斯。在比赛中以多少分输给了对方一般用介词by。故填by。

39. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的动词showed。故填perfectly。

40. 考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词showed可知，此处应用非谓语动词，用现在分词引导状语从句。故填suggesting。

41. 考查冠词。get a cold是固定短语，意为“感冒”。故填a。

42. 考查连词。句意：我三天前来这里后感冒了，所以我没想到能在个人最好成绩上扳平比分。根据句意可知，这两个分句之间是因果关系，所以用so。故填so。

43. 考查时态。时间状语so far与现在完成时连用，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填has collected。 44. 考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词is可知，此处应用非谓语动词；circuit与动词gather之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gathering。

45. 考查名词。根据前面的形容词“original”可知，此处应用名词。故填competition。

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（4）2020届贵州省六盘水市高三适应性考试

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy (书法) contains more than 200 art pieces including Arabic, Chinese,41. (Europe), Indian, Japanese and Slavic calligraphic works. “One of the most interesting42. (item) in the museum is a book of calligraphic work on the 36 military tactics (战术) applied during wars in ancient China,\of reporters from China on November 24.

The giant book is exhibited in a large glass case. Shaburov took it out to show some of44. (it) content. Each tactic,45. is usually expressed in four Chinese characters, is written on one page and accompanied by a Russian translation on another page. The tactics represent the46. (wise) of Chinese people. They are not only useful on the battlefield47. also for business and personal life. He said he became crazy about calligraphy, so he decided48. (establish) a calligraphic museum in Moscow. The museum has played49. important role in promoting calligraphy in Russia.“Calligraphy wasn't seen as an art form in Russia. But this year, some of the artworks from our museum were made a part of the non-public section of the Russian museum collection,” Shaburov said,50. (add) that this means that calligraphic works' are acknowledged as cultural heritage and will be protected in Russia. 【答案】

41. European42. items43. told44. its45. which 46. wisdom47. but48. to establish49. an50. adding

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。俄罗斯The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy收藏了200多件艺术作品，包括阿拉伯、中国、欧洲、印度、日本和斯拉夫的书法作品。博物馆里最有趣的展品之一是一本关于中国古代战争中使用的36种军事战术的书法书，文章介绍了这部作品。

41. 考查形容词。句意：当代书法博物馆收藏了200多件艺术作品，包括阿拉伯、中国、欧洲、印度、日本和斯拉夫的书法作品。此处works“作品”是名词，由形容词修饰，故填European。

42. 考查名词复数。句意：“博物馆里最有趣的展品之一是一本关于中国古代战争中使用的36种军事战术的书法书，”根据one of可知后面应该用名词复数，故填items。

43. 考查一般过去时态。句意：11月24日，博物馆的创始人兼管理者阿列克谢·沙布罗夫(Alexey Shaburov)告诉一群来自中国的记者。根据on November 24可知此处用一般过去时态，tell的过去式是told，故填told。 44. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：Shaburov把它拿出来展示一些内容。此处content是名词，意思是“内容，目录”，由形容词性物主代词修饰，故填its。

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