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【摘 要】：

随着现代城市的发展，高层建筑日益增多，电梯成为人们日常生活必不可少

的代步工具。电梯性能的好坏对人们生活的影响越来越显著，因此必须努力提高电梯系统的性能，保证电梯的运行既高效节能又安全可靠。传统的电梯控制系统采用的是继电器逻辑控制电路，这种控制易出故障，维护不便，运行寿命短，占地空间大，正逐步被淘汰。

为了提高自动控制系统的可靠性和设备的工作效率，设计了一套以PLC为核心控制器的电梯自动控制系统，用来取代以往的较复杂的继电器—接触器控制。系统的核心部分（控制部分）使用了日本三菱公司生产的FX2N-80型PLC，因为在核心控制部分采用的是软件程序控制，从而在保证电梯正常运行这个要求的情况下，大大的提高了电梯故障检查与维修的方便性和容易性，同时还克服了手动操作所带来的一些人为干扰因素，取得了良好的预期效果。

关键词：电梯、PLC、梯形图

【Abstract】：

With the development of modern cities, an increasing number of

indispensable means of transport of daily life. The quality of the lift performance of the impact on people's lives becoming more and more obvious, it must strive to improve the performance of elevator systems, and ensure the operation of the lift is safe, reliable and energy efficient. The traditional elevator control system uses logic of the relay to control circuit, this kind of controls easily to be crash, maintains inconveniently, the movement life is short, and that occupying a large area of space, it being eliminated gradually.

For raising the credibility of the automatic control system and the work efficiency of the equipments, design a set of take PLC as the core controller of the elevator auto control system, using to replace former more complicated of after electric appliances-the contact machine control. The core part(control part) of the system used a Japanese Mitsubishi company to produce of the FX2N - 80 type PLC is the software procedure control in the core because of what to control the part adoption, thus Be promising the elevator circulates normally under the circumstance of[with] this request, raised elevator to break down check and the convenience and easy for maintain consumedly, still overcame to move an operation some artificial interference factors bring in the meantime, obtain the good results.

KEYWORDS: Elevator, PLC, Ladder Diagram

目 录

前 言 ·················································································· 1 第1章 绪 论 ········································································· 2

1.1 电梯继电器控制系统的特点及存在问题 ···································· 2

1.1.1 电梯继电器控制系统的优点 ················································ 2 1.1.2 电梯继电器控制系统存在的问题 ·········································· 2 1.2 PLC 及其在电梯控制中的应用特点 ··············································· 2

1.2.1 PLC 的特点 ···································································· 2 1.2.2 PLC 控制电梯的优点 ························································ 4 1.3 课题的提出 ··············································································· 4 1.4 课题的主要讨论内容 ·································································· 4 1.5电梯的功能要求 ········································································· 5 第2章 三菱FX2N 系列可编程序控制器介绍 ······································· 6

2.1.可编程控制器的基础认识 ····························································· 6 2.2 可编程序控制器的工作方式 ························································· 8 2.3 PLC的编程语言 ······································································ 9 第3章 电梯设备及电梯发展动态 ·················································· 11

3.1 电梯的出现及发展····································································· 11 3.2 电梯设备 ················································································· 12

3.2.1 电梯的分类 ······································································ 12 3.2.2 电梯的主要组成部分 ·························································· 12 3.2.3 电梯的安全保护装置 ·························································· 13 3.2.4 电梯技术发展情况 ····························································· 13 3.2.5 电梯发展展望 ··································································· 13

第4章 PLC 的选择及其软件开发 ················································· 15

4.1 可编程控制器（PLC）的选型 ····················································· 15 4.2 交流双速电梯的主电路 ····························································· 15 4.3 门机电路、抱闸电路、门锁及安全运行电路 ··································· 17