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Abstract

With the rapid development of globalization, intercultural communication becomes increasingly frequent. As a universal phenomenon, privacy exists in every culture. Different culture has different attitudes towards privacy and different ways to deal with it, which leads to cultural crash and conflict unavoidably. Therefore, this thesis is dedicated to demonstrate the different attitudes of Chinese and westerners towards privacy.

This thesis consists of three chapters, which mainly deals with the differences of attitude in opinion of privacy between China and western countries. The first chapter reveals the different orientations of privacy, that is collective privacy in China and individual privacy in western countries; the second chapter presents different manifestations of privacy, including physical space in China and psychological distance in

western countries; the last chapter explores the different protections of privacy, which involves self-adjustment in China and legal defence in western countries. By analyzing the differences of privacy between China and the western countries, readers and foreign language learners can improve their ability to carry out communication among cultures.

Key words: privacy orientations manifestations protections

摘 要

随着全球化的迅速发展，跨文化交际日益频繁。作为一种社会普遍现象，隐私存在于各个文化中。不同文化背景的人对隐私有着不同的态度和处理方式，这便导致了文化碰撞和文化冲突难免在跨文化交际中产生。因此，本文将对比分析中西方不同的隐私观作为主要研究内容。

本文包括三章，主要探讨了中西方隐私观的差异。第一章主要揭示中西方隐私的不同起源，也就是中方的群体隐私和西方的个体隐私。第二章主要研究中西方隐私的不同表现形式，包括中方在空间上的表现和西方在心理上的表现。最后一章主要探讨中西方隐私的不同保护方法，包括中方的自我调节法和西方的法律保护法。通过对中西方不同隐私观的对比分析，读者和语言学习者可以提高跨文化交际能力。

关键词:隐私观；起源；表现形式；保护方式

Contents

Acknowledgement .............................................................................................................. i Abstract ............................................................................................................................. ii Abstract (Chinese) ........................................................................................................... iii Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One Different Orientations of Privacy ......................................................... 4 1.1 Collective Privacy in China ...................................................................................... 4 1.2 Individual Privacy in Western Countries .................................................................. 5 Chapter Two Different Manifestations of Privacy...................................................... 7 2.1 Physical Space in China ........................................................................................... 7

2.2 Psychological Distance in Western Countries .......................................................... 8 Chapter Three Different Protections of Privacy ......................................................... 9 3.1 Self-adjustment in China .......................................................................................... 9 3.2 Legal Defence in Western Countries ...................................................................... 10 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 12 Notes ................................................................................................................................. 13 Bibliography .................................................................................................................... 14

Introduction

In the current process of cultural pluralism and globalization, the privacy issue has become a growing concern. Privacy is the control and regulation mechanism of interaction with others. People in the East and the West show great differences in cross-cultural communication and understanding of the privacy, which can make communication difficult and even causes cultural conflicts in a subconscious way. So it is very important for us to know the different views on privacy between China and western countries. In order to help readers and foreign language learners develop their capability to stride across the barriers of international cultural communication or avoid the misunderstanding in communication, this thesis will make a study on the differences of privacy between China and western countries in various aspects.

There are diverse views about privacy at abroad. A lot of studies from various perspectives have been made on this issue. In the book Ben Franklin’s Web Site: Privacy and Curiosity from Plymouth Rock to the Internet by Smith, published in 2000, the author explores the hidden niches of American history to discover the tug between Americans’ yearning for privacy and their insatiable curiosity. The book describes Puritan monitoring in Colonial New England, then shows how the founders place the concept of privacy in the Constitution. This panoramic view continues with the coming of tabloid journalism in the 19th century, and the reaction to it in the form of a new right—the right to privacy. The book includes the histories of wiretapping, credit reporting, sexual practices, social security numbers and ID cards, modern principles of privacy protection, and the coming of the Internet, etc.

The book Communication Between Cultures by Samovar, published in 2000, provides students with an understanding and appreciation of different cultures and the practical skills for improving their communication with people from other cultures. It includes numerous compelling examples that force students to examine their own assumptions and cultural biases. It is divided into four interrelated parts: Part I introduces the study of communication and culture; Part II focuses on the ability of culture to shape and modify our view of reality; Part III puts the theory of intercultural communication into practice; and Part IV converts knowledge into action.

In the book Doing Culture: Cross-cultural Communication in Action published in 2001, the author Davis is a westerner who teaches Chinese students English for many years. She provides quite a few examples that do show the differences between western and Chinese cultural attitudes. The different styles of the U.S. and Chinese cultures are laid out in the text. So this is a book

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