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河南职业技术学院

毕业设计（论文）

题 目 PLC的锅炉温度控制系统

目 录

摘 要 ······································································· 1

1.1课题背景 ····································································· 1 1.2项目内容 ····································································· 2

第二章 PLC和组态软件 ········································· 3

2.1可编程控制器基础 ························································· 3 2.1.1可编程控制器的产生和应用 ·········································· 3 2.1.2可编程控制器的组成和工作原理 ···································· 3 2.1.3可编程控制器的分类及特点 ·········································· 5 2.2组态软件的基础 ···························································· 6 2.2.1组态的定义 ······························································· 6 2.2.2组态王软件的特点和仿真的的基本方法 ··························· 6

第三章 PLC控制系统的硬件设计 ······························ 7

3.1 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则和步骤 ······························ 7 3.1.1 PLC控制系统设计的基本原则 ······································· 7 3.1.2 PLC控制系统设计的一般步骤 ······································· 7 3.1.3 PLC程序设计的一般步骤 ············································· 8 3.2 PLC的选型和硬件配置 ················································ 9 3.2.1 PLC型号的选择 ························································· 9 3.2.2 S7-200CPU的选择 ······················································ 9 3.2.3 EM235模拟量输入/输出模块 ······································· 10 3.2.4 热电式传感器 ························································· 10 3.2.5 可控硅加热装置简介 ················································ 10 3.3 系统整体设计方案和电气连接图 ································· 11

3.4 PLC控制器的设计 ···················································· 11 3.4.1 控制系统数学模型的建立 ·········································· 11 3.4.2 PID控制及参数整定 ················································· 12

第四章 PLC控制系统的软件设计 ····························· 14

4.1 PLC程序设计的方法 ················································· 15 4.2 编程软件STEP7--Micro/WIN 概述 ···························· 15 4.2.1 STEP7--Micro/WIN 简单介绍 ······································ 15 4.2.2 计算机与PLC的通信 ················································ 16 4.3 程序设计 ······························································· 16 4.3.1程序设计思路 ·························································· 16 4.3.2 PID指令向导 ·························································· 16 4.3.3 控制程序及分析 ······················································ 17

第五章 组态画面的设计 ············································· 21 5.1组态变量的建立及设备连接 ··········································· 21 5.1.1新建项目 ································································ 21 5.2创建组态画面和主画面 ················································· 22 5.2.2新建PID参数设定窗口 ·············································· 23 5.2.3新建实时曲线 ·························································· 23 5.2.5新建报警窗口 ·························································· 24

第六章 系统测试 ···················································· 25

6.1启动组态王 ····························································· 26 6.2实时曲线观察 ···························································· 26 6.3查看数据报表 ····························································· 27 6.4系统稳定性测试 ·························································· 28 结束语 ·········································································· 29