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新发展研究生英语 综合教程 2 教师用书
朋友关系什么样的友情最重要
21 既然你知道友情的重要性，那么你该如何去寻找和／或培育一段哪一种很需要的友
情呢？交朋友并不像你在操场上走向一个孩子跟他说：“想交朋友吗？”这样简单。保 罗说：“（现在的）友情，如同我们的生命一样，跟过去相比显得不那么稳定，你在结 交新朋友时有可能会遭遇尴尬。”三条重要的步骤你需要牢记，可以辅助你结交和保持 一段友情：
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设计一个策略。你不能只依靠表现友好的方式去结交朋友。你可以在跑步伙班里、
编织课堂上、侦探书友会中找。（可试用浏览一些社交网站，诸如：Friendster.com和 MeetUp.com），如果感觉时间很难安排，那么抽出一顿午饭或者晚上的时间每三周参 加一次诸如“与苏珊约会”或者“新友晚会”的活动——这似乎比你什么都不做要好得 多。
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主动一些。你不必说“我想和你交个朋友”，但你需要像保罗所说的一样“重复出 现”。利用一些社交手段多与一些人进行接触；当可能时，对别人发一些随意的邀请。
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分配你的（友情）供给。“优化你的友情”，艾萨克说。你不必非要和你感觉不需
要经常见面的朋友正式“绝交”；你只需要确保同他们见面的时间不要多占用与你更新 或更深的朋友见面的时间就可以，因为后面这些友情需要你更多的努力去呵护。
22 现在，你需要盘点一下你的好友资源，看看哪些朋友需要进行添加，哪些朋友可以
减少（交往），还有哪些你现在就想见面。别让一张繁忙的日程表阻挡了你的道路。最
后（我要说的是），是友情减轻了你的行囊，点亮了你的明天。
Unit 6 Celebrity 名人
新发展研究生英语 综合教程 2 教师用书
Part I Understanding and Learning
Text The Contenders 2008 — Barack Obama
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William Beaman: William Beaman is Reader’s Digest Washington Bureau Chief. Beaman was bureau chief for five years and previously launched and ran the Reader’s Digest Hong Kong bureau. He was responsible, as an editor and writer, for producing ―national interest‖ stories—largely concerning government and politics. Prior to Reader’s Digest, he wrote and edited for the National Geographic Society and broadcasted a weekly documentary for Voice of America, including coverage of 1984 presidential election. Beaman has a Master‘s Degree from the Harvard University Kennedy School of Government and Bachelor‘s Degree from Duke University.
II?????????????????????????????????1. US Presidential Election: The President of the United States is elected by the Electoral College and not directly by the population. Each state is assigned electoral votes based on the number of senators and representatives that state has in Congress. Each state has two Senators. The number of representatives is determined by the states population but is never less than one. Thus small states with a small population are overly represented in the Electoral 116
Celebrity 名人 Unit 6
College. One candidate wins all of the electoral votes in all states except Maine and Nebreska. Their two electors are chosen by statewide popular vote and a single elector is chosen in each Congressional district. The Electoral College meets on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December. Their votes are then counted again in the presence of Joint Meeting of Congress sixth day of January to certify the returns. The candidate that wins over 50% of the electoral votes becomes President of the United States. The members of the electoral college are individual who are active in their party. They are pledged to vote for one or the other candidates. By law they are not required to vote for their pledged candidate but in fact always do. In the case that no candidate wins the majority of electoral votes, the election is decided by the House of Representatives. The House of Representatives votes by state. Thus every state in the House of Representative gets one vote.
2. US Presidential Election in 2008: The 56th quadrennial United States presidential election was held on November 4, 2008. Outgoing Republican President George W. Bush‘s policies and actions and the American public‘s desire for change were key issues throughout the campaign, and during the general election campaign, both major party candidates ran on a platform of change and reform in Washington. Domestic policy and the economy eventually emerged as the main themes in the last few months of the election campaign, particularly after the onset of the 2008 economic crisis.
Democrat Barack Obama, then junior United States Senator from Illinois, defeated Republican John McCain, the senior United States Senator from Arizona. Nine states changed allegiance from the 2004 election. Each had voted for the Republican nominee in 2004 and contributed to Obama‘s sizable Electoral College victory. The selected electors from each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia voted for President and Vice President of the United States on December 15, 2008. Those votes were tallied before a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009. Obama received 365 electoral votes, and McCain 173.
There were several unique aspects of the 2008 election. The election was the first in which an African-American was elected President, and the first time a Roman Catholic was elected Vice President (Joe Biden, then-U.S. Senator from Delaware). It was also the first time two sitting senators ran against each other. The 2008 election was the first in 56 years in which neither an incumbent president nor a vice president ran — Bush was barred from seeking a third term by the Twenty-second Amendment; Dick Cheney chose not to seek the presidency.
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新发展研究生英语 综合教程 2 教师用书
It was also the first time the Republican Party nominated a woman for Vice President (Sarah
Palin, then-Governor of Alaska). Voter turnout for the 2008 election was the highest in at least 40 years.
3. Barack Obama: Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African-American to hold the office, as well as the first president born in Hawaii. Obama previously served as the junior United States Senator from Illinois from January 2005 until he resigned after his election to the presidency in November 2008.
Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004.
Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004. Following an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for United States Senate in 2004. During the campaign, several events brought him to national attention, such as his victory in the March 2004 Democratic primary election for the United States Senator from Illinois as well as his prime-time televised keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in November 2004.
He began his run for the presidency in February 2007. After a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Clinton, he won his party‘s nomination. In the 2008 general election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. On October 9, 2009, Obama was awarded the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize.
4. Maharishi University of Management: Maharishi University of Management (MUM), formerly known as Maharishi International University, was founded in 1973 by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, who introduced the Transcendental Meditation technique. The campus is located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States, on the grounds of the former Parsons College.
The university is not-for-profit, accredited through the Ph.D. level by The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, and offers ―consciousness-based education‖ that includes practice of the Transcendental Meditation technique. Degree programs are offered in the arts, sciences, business, and the humanities. 118