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虚拟条件句
在英语中，语气是动词的一种形式，用来表示说话人的意图或态度。 英语的语气有三种：_____语气（表示所说的话是事实），
_____语气（表示所说的话是请求或命令）
_____语气（表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望或假设或建议等）。
如果所表示的条件是真实的，或者完全有可能实现的，叫真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语都用陈述语气。如果所表示的条件不可能实现或者实现的可能性很小时，叫非真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语要用虚拟语气。
（1）含if的虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反 从句 主句 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 练习： 1.If I _____(be) you, I __________(tell) them the truth.
如果我是你的话，我就会把真相告诉他们。
2.If I_____(get) the information, I__________(let) you know first. 如果我知道这个情况的话，我会第一个告诉你。
3.If we__________(have) enough money, we _______________(buy)the house. 如果我们有足够的钱的话，我们就买下那座房子了。
4.If she ______________(come), what _______________(say) to her? 万一她来了，我该怎么对她说呢？
5.If you don’t hurry, you__________(be) late for school. （2）省略if的虚拟条件句
在虚拟条件句中，如果有were，had，或should，就可以省略if，把这些助动词放在句首。
练习： 改写下面句子，省略句中if
1.If I were you, I would tell them the truth.
2.If we had had enough money, we would have bought the house.
3.If she should come, what should I say to her?
能力训练
1. If I _____ him yesterday，I _____ him about it.
A. saw; would ask B. had seen; would have asked C. had seen; would ask D. saw; would have asked
2. What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the night? A. is B. will be C. were D. would be 3. If her lawyer _____ here last Sunday, he _____ her from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 4. If it had not been for the liberation, no changes _____ place in my hometown. A. would have taken B. would have been taken C. will take D. will be taken
5. _____ late tomorrow, who would take her place?
A. Should Miss Green come B. If Miss Green would come C. Miss Green should come D. If Miss Green comes 6．_____ it _____, the crops _____ be saved.
A. Had; rained; could B. Should; rain; would C. If; rains; should D. Would; rain; should 7. If we _____ yesterday, we _____ the work. A. weren’t interrupted; would finish B. didn’t interrupt; would have finished
C. hadn’t interrupted; had finished
D. hadn’t been interrupted; would have finished 8. _____, he would have succeeded in the examinations.
A. If he has worked hard B. If he works hard
C. Had he worked hard D. Were he worked hard 9. — Can I stay at home tomorrow? — Yes, you can if it______.
A. will snow B. is going to snow C. snows D. snowed
10．I don’t know if he _____ this afternoon. But if he ____, I will tell you. A. will come; will do; B. comes; will do
C. will come; does D. comes; does 11. Ask him to ring me up if you ______ him.
A. see B. saw C. would see D. will see
12. If people _________ polluting the air, animals and plants will die soon. A. don’t stop B. didn’t stop
C. shall not stop D. haven’t stopped 13. I’ll go shopping with you if you ______ wait.
A. will B. would C. should D. are going to
答案：
（1）含if的虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 从句 过去式（be 用were） 过去完成式 should (were to) +动词原形 主句 would/should/could/might+ do would/should/could/might + have done would/should/could/might + do If I were you, I would tell them the truth. 如果我是你的话，我就会把真相告诉他们。 If I got the information, I would let you know first. 如果我知道这个情况的话，我会第一个告诉你。
If we had had enough money, we would have bought the house. 如果我们有足够的钱的话，我们就买下那座房子了。 If she were to/should come, what should I say to her? 万一她来了，我该怎么对她说呢？
（2）省略if的虚拟条件句
在虚拟条件句中，如果有were，had，或should，就可以省略if，把这些助动词放在句首。 Were I you, I would tell them the truth.
Had we had enough money, we would have bought the house. Should she come, what should I say to her?
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