ÄÚÈÝ·¢²¼¸üÐÂʱ¼ä : 2025/1/23 2:22:08ÐÇÆÚÒ» ÏÂÃæÊÇÎÄÕµÄÈ«²¿ÄÚÈÝÇëÈÏÕæÔĶÁ¡£
ÎïÀí»¯Ñ§ÉϲáµÚÎå°æÌì½ò´óѧ³ö°æÉçµÚÁùÕÂÏàƽºâÏ°Ìâ´ð°¸
6-1 Ö¸³öÏÂÁÐƽºâϵͳÖеÄ×é·ÖÊýC£¬ÏàÊýP¼°×ÔÓɶÈÊýF£º (1)I2£¨s£©ÓëÆäÕôÆø³Éƽºâ£»
(2)CaCO3£¨s£©ÓëÆä·Ö½â²úÎïCaO£¨s£©ºÍCO2£¨g£©³Éƽºâ£» (3)NH4HS(s)·ÅÈëÒ»³é¿ÕµÄÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬²¢ÓëÆä·Ö½â²úÎïNH3(g)ºÍH2S(g)³Éƽºâ£»
(4)È¡ÈÎÒâÁ¿µÄNH3(g)ºÍH2S(g)ÓëNH4HS(s)³Éƽºâ£»
(5) I2×÷ΪÈÜÖÊÔÚÁ½²»Ï໥ÈÜÒºÌåH2OºÍCCl4Öдﵽ·ÖÅäƽºâ£¨Äý¾Ûϵͳ£©¡£
½â£º£¨1£© S-R-R?=1-0-0=1£»P=2£»F=C-P+2=1 £¨2£© S-R-R?=3-1-0=2£»P=3£»F=C-P+2=1 £¨3£© S-R-R?=3-1-1=1£»P=2£»F=C-P+2=1 £¨4£© S-R-R?=3-1-0=2£»P=2£»F=C-P+2=2 £¨5£© S-R-R?=3-0-0=3£»P=2£»F=C-P+1=2
6-2 ÒÑÖªÒºÌå¼×±½£¨A£©ºÍÒºÌå±½£¨B£©ÔÚ90¡æʱµÄ±¥ºÍÕôÆøѹ·Ö
ss±ðΪpA?54.22kPaºÍpB?136.12kPa¡£Á½Õß¿ÉÐγÉÀíÏëҺ̬»ìºÏÎï¡£½ñÓÐϵ
ͳ×é³ÉΪxB,0?0.3µÄ¼×±½-±½»ìºÏÎï5 mol£¬ÔÚ90¡æϳÉÆø-ÒºÁ½Ïàƽºâ£¬
ÈôÆøÏà×é³ÉΪyB?0.4556£¬Çó£º £¨1£©Æ½ºâʱҺÏà×é³ÉxB¼°ÏµÍ³µÄѹÁ¦p£»£¨2£©Æ½ºâʱÆø¡¢ÒºÁ½ÏàµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿n£¨g£©£¬n£¨l£©¡£ ½â£º£¨1£©ÀíÏëҺ̬»ìºÏÎA¡¢B¾ùÊÊÓÃÀÎÚ¶û¶¨ÂÉ£¬¹ÊÓÐ
ssp?pA?pB?pA(1?xB)?pBxB?54.22kPa(1?xB)?136.12kPaxB
£¨1£©
syB?0.4556?pB/p?pBxB/p?136.12kPa?xB/p
£¨2£©
ÓÉʽ£¨1£©¼°Ê½£¨2£©µÃ
p?54.22kPa(1?xB)?136.12kPaxB 0.4556?136.12kPa?xB/p
£¨3£©
£¨4£©
p?74.70kPa£¬xBÁªÁ¢Ê½£¨3£©Óëʽ£¨4£©£¬½âµÃ £¨2£©¸ù¾Ý¸Ü¸Ë¹æÔò
n(l)?yB?xB,0yB?xBn??0.2500
0.4556?0.3000?5mol?3.784mol
0.4556?0.2500n(g)?n?n(l)?(5?3.784)mol?1.216mol6-2 µ¥×é·ÖϵͳÁòµÄÏàͼʾÒâÈçÏÂ.
ÊÔÓÃÏàÂÉ·ÖÎöÏàͼÖи÷µã¡¢Ïß¡¢ÃæµÄÏàƽºâ¹Øϵ¼°×ÔÓɶÈÊý¡£ ½â£º¶ÔÓÚµ¥×é·Öϵͳ£¬¸ù¾ÝÏàÂÉ
F=C-P+2=3-P
ÈôP=1£¬ÔòF=2£¬µ¥ÏàÔÚͼÉϱíÏÖΪÃ棬¹²ÓÐËĸöµ¥ÏàÇø£¬ÈçͼËùʾ¡£
ÈôP=2£¬ÔòF=1£¬Á½Ïàƽºâ¹²´æÔÚͼÉϱíÏÖΪÏߣ¬³ÆΪÁ½ÏàÏߣ¬¹²ÓÐ6ÌõÁ½ÏàÏߣ¬¼´£ºaxÏß±íʾÕý½»
ÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£»ybÏß±íʾÕý½»ÁòÓëÒºÌåÁòƽºâ¹²´æ£»zcÏß±íʾҺÌåÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£»xyÏß±íʾÕý½»ÁòÓ뵥бÁòƽºâ¹²´æ£»xzÏß±íʾµ¥Ð±ÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£»zyÏß±íʾµ¥Ð±ÁòÓëÒºÌåÁòƽºâ¹²´æ¡£»¹ÓÐÈýÌõÁ½ÏàÑÇÎÈ̬ƽºâÏߣºOxÏßÊÇaxÏßµÄÑÓ³¤Ïߣ¬±íʾÕý½»ÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâÁ½ÏàÑÇÎÈ̬¹²´æ£»OyÏßÊÇybÏßµÄÑÓ³¤Ïߣ¬±íʾÕý½»ÁòÓëÒºÌåÁòÁ½ÏàÑÇÎÈ̬ƽºâ¹²´æ£»OzÏßÊÇzcÏßµÄÑÓ³¤Ïߣ¬±íʾҺÌåÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøÁ½ÏàÑÇÎÈ̬ƽºâ¹²´æ£»
ÈôP=3£¬ÔòF=0£¬ÈýÏàƽºâ¹²´æÔÚͼ±íÏÖΪµã£¬³ÆΪÈýÏàµã£¬¹²ÓÐ4¸öÈýÏàµã£¬¼´£ºxµã±íʾÕý½»Áò¡¢µ¥Ð±ÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£»z µã±íʾҺÌåÁò¡¢µ¥Ð±ÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£»y µã±íʾÕý½»Áò¡¢µ¥Ð±ÁòÓëÒºÌåÁòƽºâ¹²´æ£»Oµã±íʾÕý½»Áò¡¢ÒºÌåÁòÓëÁòÕôÆøƽºâ¹²´æ£¬²»¹ýOµãƽºâÊDz»Îȶ¨Æ½ºâ£¬»á×Ô·¢×ª±äΪÎȶ¨Ïࡪµ¥Ð±Áò¡£
6-4 ÒÑÖª¼×±½¡¢±½ÔÚ90¡æÏ´¿ÒºÌåµÄ±¥ºÍÕôÆøѹ·Ö±ðΪ54.22kPaºÍ136.12kPa¡£Á½Õß¿ÉÐγÉÀíÏëҺ̬»ìºÏÎï¡£
È¡200.0g¼×±½ºÍ200.0g±½ÖÃÓÚ´ø»îÈûµÄµ¼ÈÈÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬Ê¼Ì¬ÎªÒ»¶¨Ñ¹Á¦ÏÂ90¡æµÄҺ̬»ìºÏÎï¡£ÔÚºãÎÂ90¡æÏÂÖð½¥½µµÍѹÁ¦£¬ÎÊ£º£¨1£©Ñ¹Á¦½µµ½¶àÉÙʱ£¬¿ªÊ¼²úÉúÆøÏ࣬´ËÆøÏàµÄ×é³ÉÈçºÎ£¿£¨2£©Ñ¹Á¦½µµ½¶àÉÙʱ£¬ÒºÏ࿪ʼÏûʧ£¬×îºóÒ»µÎÒºÏàµÄ×é³ÉÈçºÎ£¿£¨3£©Ñ¹Á¦Îª92.00kPaʱ£¬ÏµÍ³ÄÚÆø¡¢ÒºÁ½Ïàƽºâ£¬Á½Ïà×é³ÉÈçºÎ£¿Á½ÏàµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¸÷¶àÉÙ£¿
½â£º£¨1£©Ó뿪ʼ²úÉúÆøÏàƽºâµÄÒºÏ࣬Æä×é³ÉͬÔʼҺ̬»ìºÏÎËùÒÔÆøÏàµÄѹÁ¦Îª
200/78200/92??**p?p±½x±½?p¼×±½x¼×±½??136.12??54.22??kPa
200/78?200/92200/78?200/92?? ?98.54kPaÆøÏà×é³ÉΪ
200/78??*y±½?p±½x±½/p??136.12???98.54?0.7476200/78?200/92??
£¨2£©Óë×îºóÒ»µÎÒºÏàƽºâµÄÆøÏ࣬Æä×é³ÉͬÔʼҺ̬»ìºÏÎï
****y±½?p±½x±½/p; p?p¼×±½?(p±½?p¼×±½)x±½
ÉÏÁ½Ê½ÁªÁ¢½âµÃ£º x±½?*p¼×±½y±½***p±½?(p±½?p¼×±½)y±½