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ÀÏÄêÐÔ³Õ´ô Alzheimer¡¯s Disease

Introduction ¼ò½é

AD, first characterized by Alois Alzheimer in 1907, is a gradually progressive dementia affecting both

Alzheimer ['?lz'?m?]

n. ÀÏÄê³Õ´ôÖ¢£¨µÈÓÚAlzheimer¡¯s

cognition

and

behavior. ½¥½øÐÔ³Õ´ôÓÐÈÏÖªºÍÐÐΪÕÏ°­¡£

The exact pathophysiologic mechanism

underlying AD are not entirely known. ²¡ÀíÉúÀí»úÖƲ»Çå¡£

Although drugs may reduce Alzheimer¡¯s symptoms for a time, the disease is eventually fatal.Ò©ÎïÖ»ÄÜÔÝʱ¸Ä±äÖ¢×´£¬¼²²¡½«×îÖÕÍþвÉúÃü¡£

The disease profoundly affects the family as well as the patient. ¼²²¡²»½öÓ°Ï첡È˲¢½«Ó°ÏìÕû¸ö¼ÒÍ¥Éú»îÖÊ

Á¿¡£

disease £©

progressive [pr?'gres?v] n. ¸Ä¸ïÂÛÕߣ»½ø²½·Ö×Ó adj. ½ø²½µÄ£»ÏȽøµÄ dementia [d?'men??] n. [ÄÚ¿Æ] ³Õ´ô

cognition [k ? g'n??(?)n] n. ÈÏʶ£»ÖªÊ¶£»ÈÏʶÄÜÁ¦ behavior [bi'heivj?]

n. ÐÐΪ£¬¾ÙÖ¹£»Ì¬¶È£»·´Ó¦ pathophysiologic [,p?¦È?,fizi?'l?d?ik] adj. ²¡ÀíÉúÀíµÄ symptoms »ù±¾·­Òë

n. [ÁÙ´²] Ö¢×´£»Ö¢ºò£»²¡áç for a time ÔÝʱ£»Ò»¶ÎʱÆÚ fatal ['fe?t(?)l]

adj. ÖÂÃüµÄ£»ÖØ´óµÄ£»»ÙÃðÐԵģ»Ãü

ÖÐ×¢¶¨µÄ profoundly [pr?'fa?ndl?] adv. Éî¿ÌµØ£»ÉîÉîµØ£»¼«¶ÈµØ

1

Dementia 1 ³Õ´ô1 Dementia disorders

are defined

neuropsychiatric by

widespread

neuropsychiatric adj. Éñ¾­¾«Éñ²¡Ñ§µÄ

widespread ['wa?dspred; -'spred] adj. ÆÕ±éµÄ£¬¹ã·ºµÄ£»·Ö²¼¹ãµÄ deficits

symptoms of memory loss and deficits in cognition and reasoning.³Õ´ôÊÇÒ»ÖÖÉñ¾­ÐÄÀí¼²²¡£¬°éÓй㷺¼ÇÒäȱʧ¼°ÈÏÖªºÍÍÆÀíµÄÕÏ°­¡£

Dementia is a nonspecific term describing a significant decline in cognitive function regardless of cause.³Õ´ôÊÇÒ»¸ö·ÇÌØÒìÐÔÃû´Ê£¬Í¨³£ÐÎÈÝÈÏÖªÕÏ°­£¬¶ø²»¿¼ÂDz¡Òò¡£

Dementias, synonymous with the popular lay term ¡°senility¡±, result from underlying disease, and are not part of normal aging.³Õ´ôË׳ÆΪ˥ÀÏ£¬Í¨³£ÓÉÓÚijÖÖ¼²²¡ÒýÆ𣬲»ÊÇÄêÁäÔö³¤¶øÒýÆðµÄ¡£

n. [²ÆÕþ] ³à×Ö£¬¿÷Ëð£¨deficitµÄ¸´ÊýÐÎʽ£©

reasoning:ÍÆÀí£¬ÂÛÖ¤ nonspecific [,n?nspi'sifik] adj. [Ò½] ·ÇÌØÒìÐԵģ»·ÇÌØÊâµÄ regardless of ²»¹Ë£¬²»¹Ü synonymous with Óë...ͬÒå

synonymous [s?'n?n?m?s]

adj. ͬÒåµÄ£»Í¬Òå´ÊµÄ£»Í¬ÒåÍ»±äµÄ popular ['p?pj?l?]

adj. Á÷Ðеģ¬Í¨Ë׵ģ»ÊÜ»¶Ó­µÄ£»´óÖڵģ»ÆÕ¼°µÄ lay [le?]

adj. ÊÀË׵ģ»ÍâÐеģ»Ã»Óо­ÑéµÄ n. λÖ㻶ÌÊ«£»»¨ÎÆ·½Ïò£»ÐðÊÂÊ«£»ÐÔ»ï°é

vt. ÌÉÏ£»²úÂÑ£»¸é·Å£»·ÅÖã»ÆÌ·Å£»Í¿£¬·ó

v. ÌÉ£»Î»ÓÚ£¨lieµÄ¹ýȥʽ£© vi. ϵ°£»´ò¶Ä senility [s?'n?l?t?]

n. [»ùÒ½] Ë¥ÀÏ£»¸ßÁ䣻ÀÏ̬ÁúÖÓ

2

Dementia 2 ³Õ´ô2

Delirium differs from dementia in that it develops over a short period of time (hours to days), and involves an acute change in the level of consciousness in addition to a decline in cognition.ÚÞÍý״̬Çø±ðÓÚ³Õ´ô£¬ÓÉÓÚ·¢Õ¹Ñ¸ËÙ£¨¼¸Ð¡Ê±ÖÁ¼¸Ì죩£¬³ýÓÐÈÏÖªÕÏ°­Í⻹Óм±¾çµÄÒâʶ״̬±ä»¯¡£

AD is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for over 60% of all

cases

of

late-life

cognitive

dysfunction.ÀÏÄêÐÔ³Õ´ôÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×î³£¼ûµÄ³Õ´ô£¬60%µÄÀÏÄêÈÏÖªÕÏ°­¾ùΪÀÏÄêÐÔ³Õ´ô¡£

EpidemiologyÁ÷Ðв¡Ñ§

Most cases present after age 65 (late-onset), but in about 5% of cases

onset can be age 40 (early-onset) ´ó¶àÊý65Ëê·¢²¡£¬µ«ÓÐ5% ÔÚ40Ëê

×óÓÒ·¢²¡¡£

An overall disease prevalence of 10.3%

of persons over age 65 in USA.ÔÚÃÀ¹ú

10.3%³¬¹ý65ËêÀÏÈË»¼ÓÐÀÏÄêÐÔ³Õ´ô¡£

delirium [d?'l?r??m]

n. ¾«Éñ´íÂÒ£»·¢¿ñ£¬¿ñÈÈ£»ËµÚÞÓï״̬ differ from

Óë?²»Í¬£»Çø±ðÓÚ? consciousness ['k?n??sn?s] n. Òâʶ£»Öª¾õ£»¾õÎò£»¸Ð¾õ

dysfunction [d?s'f??(k)?(?)n] n. ¹¦ÄÜÎÉÂÒ£»»úÄÜÕÏ°­£»¹ÙÄܲ»Á¼ vi. ¹¦ÄÜʧµ÷£»³öÏÖ»úÄÜÕÏ°­£»¿åµô

epidemiology [,ep?di:m?'?l?d??] n. Á÷Ðв¡Ñ§£»´«È¾²¡Ñ§ late-onset ['leit?nset] adj. Íí·¢ÐԵģ»³Ù·¢ÐÔµÄ

onset [' ? nset]

n. ¿ªÊ¼£¬×ÅÊÖ£»·¢×÷£»¹¥»÷£¬½ø¹¥

early-onset

Ôç·¢ÐÍ

prevalence ['prev(?)l(?)ns; 'prev?l(?)ns;

'prev?l?ns]

n. Á÷ÐУ»Æձ飻¹ã·º

3