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新概念英语第一册语法总结:名词 名词
名词分为可数名词和不可数名词: 1)不可数名词
无法分开的东西:water, tea, bread, milk, rice 抽象的东西:love, beauty, coldness 不可数名词有以下特点: 不能用a, an修饰; 不能加s;
和单数be动词或动词搭配。
2)可数名词
单数可数名词要用冠词修饰,复数可数名词要在名词后面加s。名词复数共有以下几种变化: ? 规则变化的名词复数形式
规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells book→books
规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches, bus→buses, watch→watches
规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. potato→potatoes, Negro→Negroes, hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes,(口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿),剩下一般加s, radio→radios
规则4 以f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves, shelf→shelves, city→cities, wife→wives
规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies fly→flies ? 不规则变化的名词复数形式
man(men) woman(women) foot(feet) goose(geese) tooth(teeth)
child(children) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice) fish(fish)
新概念英语第一册语法总结:祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等,谓语动词一律用原型,句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹好或者句号,用降调。 ★肯定句:动词原型 Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down.
Be quiet. Be careful.
祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或者句尾: Come in, Amy. Sit down here, Tom. Mary, give me a book please.
★否定:Don't+动词原型 Don't come here. Don't sit down. Don't stand up. Don't give me it.
let sb. do 让某人做 Let me pass. Let us have a rest. Let's have a rest. 反意疑问:
Let's have a walk along the river, shall we? Let us go out for a drink, will you?
新概念英语第一册语法总结:情态动词的使用 情态动词的使用
1)情态动词can(能够),must(必须),may(可以) 结构:主语+can/must/may+动词原型 He can make the tea. Sally can air the room. We can speak English. ★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首 Can he make the tea? Can Sally air the room? Can we speak English? ★变否定句在情态动词后面加not He cannot make the tea. Sally cannot air the room. We cannot speak English. ★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, he can. / No, he cannot. Yes, she can. / No, she cannot. Yes, we can. / No, we cannot. ★特殊疑问句:(必背) What can you do?
注意:情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化,不要在情态动词或动词后面加s。 2)must/have to的区别
must 表示必须,是主观上觉得应该做,have to是不得不,是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做
must 只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里,而have to do可以用在任何时态
3)must, may, might表示猜测: · must do 表示对现在事实的猜测 · must have done表示对过去事实的猜测
· must have been doing 表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测 · may/might do, may/might have done表示没有任何事实依据的猜测,might的可能性更小。 4)can't/couldn't 表示不可能