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摘 要

本课题设计一款基于单片机的楼道内声控灯及报警系统，主要由声控灯和意外紧急报警两部分组成。声控灯部分是通过声音传感器进行声音检测，然后经单片机进行处理，实现灯的开关智能控制。报警部分主要由蜂鸣器和按键组成，当声控灯出现故障时，通过触动按键实现蜂鸣器报警进行维修提示。硬件电路包括单片机最小系统电路、声音传感器检测模块、按键模块、LED显示模块、蜂鸣器报警电路模块；软件部分主要通过C程序的编程实现等灯的亮灭，然后通过发光二极管显示出来，通过按键操作实现报警功能。设计中结合硬件、软件的分步调试，达到要求的控制效果。当有人走过楼梯通道，发出脚步声或其它声音时，楼道灯会自动点亮，提供照明。当人们进入家门或走出公寓，楼道灯延时几分钟后会自动熄灭。当出现故障时，可触动按钮，进行报警维修。声控延时开关不仅适用于住宅区的楼道，而且也适用于工厂、办公楼、教学楼等公共场所，它具有体积小、外形美观、制作容易、工作可靠等优点。

关键词:单片机；声控灯；报警系统；声音传感器；蜂鸣器

Abstract

This project is based on single-chip design a voice-activated light and alarm system in the building, by voice-activated lights and emergency alarm which two key components.Voice-activated light partly through sound sensors for sound detection, and then single-chip processing, realization of intelligent control for the light switch.Alarm part consists mainly of beeper and keys, when voice-activated lights fail, through touches the pressed key realization light buzzer alarms for maintenance tips.The hardware circuit consists of single chip microcomputer minimum system circuit, sound sensors module, keys module, LED display module, a buzzer alarm circuit module;Software part mainly accomplished by programming of C programs such as destroy the light of lights, and then through the led display,Alarm functions are realized by key operation.In the design of combination of hardware and software debugging step by step, meet the requirements of control effect.When people walk through the stairs, when making footsteps or other sound, stair lights will automatically light up and lighting.When people enter the House or get out of the apartment, corridor lamp delay automatically turns off after a few minutes.When a failure occurs, you can touch a button and alarm servicing.Voice-activated inertia switch applies not only to the residential area of the building, but also to factories, office buildings, school buildings and other public places, it is of small size, pleasing in appearance, making easy, reliable and so on.

Keywords:microcontroller; voice-activated light and alarm system; sound sensors; buzzer

目 录

第1章 概述 ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 选题的目的 .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 声控灯的研究背景及发展意义 .............................................................................. 1 1.3 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 2 第2章 总体方案设计 ........................................................................................................... 3

2.1系统设计的思路 ....................................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统硬件描述 .......................................................................................................... 3 2.3 系统软件描述 .......................................................................................................... 3 2.4 本章小结 .................................................................................................................. 4 第3章 硬件的设计 ............................................................................................................. 5

3.1 硬件芯片介绍 .......................................................................................................... 5 3.2系统硬件架构 ......................................................................................................... 12 3.3 原理图的绘制 ........................................................................................................ 16 3.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 18 第4章 系统软件设计 ......................................................................................................... 19

4.1 Keil C51开发环境简介 ......................................................................................... 19 4.2 程序的编写 ............................................................................................................ 22 4.3 主程序流程图 ........................................................................................................ 26 4.4 本章小结 ................................................................................................................ 27 第5章 实物焊接与调试 ..................................................................................................... 28

5.1 实物焊接 ................................................................................................................ 28 5.2 调试硬件 ................................................................................................................ 28 结 论 ..................................................................................................................................... 30 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 31 致 谢 ..................................................................................................................................... 32 附 录 ..................................................................................................................................... 33