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北方民族大学 学年论文

论文题目: 我国农村小额信贷的发展现状及持续发展研究

院(部)名 称: 经济学院 学 生 姓 名: 刘海兰 专 业: 金融学 学 号: 20122373 指导教师姓名: 韩纪江 论文提交时间:

北方民族大学教务处制

我国农村小额信贷的发展现状及持续发展研究

刘海兰

（北方民族大学 经济学院 宁夏 银川 750021）

摘 要

小额信贷自上世纪 70 年代产生以来，作为农村主要的扶贫方式和手段，已经在国际范围内得到广泛的认可，它旨在通过小额信贷机构为传统金融机构难以惠及到的广大农户提供以信用借贷为主的金融服务，并通过外来资金的注入，打破由于投资不足造成的长期贫困恶性循环。小额信贷在我国经过二十多年的发展，已经成为我国农村中低收入群体摆脱贫困，获得自我生存和发展机会的信贷服务方式，它有效的解决了农村低收入群体的金融需求。对缓解农村金融市场的供需失衡、优化农村金融体系、促进农村经济发展、农业科技进步和农民生活水平提高等多方面起到了不可忽视的作用。现阶段随着我国经济转型的不断深化，金融体系的变革与推进也随之而来，政府对金融市场的管制逐渐放开，利率市场化的进程也逐步加快，小额信贷在这个过程中既迎来了发展的机遇，同时也面临着巨大的挑战，目前我国农村小额信贷还显稚嫩，未形成成熟的产业体系，主要表现在资金供给不足导致的供求矛盾依旧凸显、小额信贷自身的可持续运营能力缺乏、目标客户瞄准机制不健全、信贷产品单一灵活性不够等多方面。本文以小额信贷作为立足点，以我国发展农村金融及解决“三农”问题为背景，对我国农村小额信贷项目的研究成果进行系统的梳理，力图寻找出一条适合我国实际情况的小额信贷可持续发展之路。

[关键词]：小额信贷、农村金融、可持续发展、扶贫

The research on the development of Rural Micro Credit and its

sustainable development in China

刘海兰

The north ethnic university school of economics,Yinchuan ，

750021,China

ABSTRACT

Since the 70 time of the last century, micro credit has been widely recognized as the main method of poverty alleviation and means of rural areas., It aims to through microfinance institutions for traditional financial institutions to benefit to the farmers to provide credit based financial services, and through foreign capital injection, break due to inadequate investment caused by long-term vicious circle of poverty. Microfinance in China after 20 years of development has become our country rural low-income groups out of poverty, get the credit service of the self survival and development opportunities, it effectively solves the financial needs of low-income groups in rural areas. To alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand of rural financial market, optimization of the rural financial system, promote rural economic development, progress of agricultural science and technology and the improvement of living standards of farmers and other aspects of the role can not be ignored. At this stage with the deepening of China's economic transition, reform of the financial system and promote followed, the gradual liberalization of the government control of the financial market, gradually speeding up the process of marketization of interest rate, micro credit in the process which ushered in the development opportunities, but at the same time, it also faces enormous challenges, Currently China's rural micro credit is still immature, without the formation of a mature industry system, mainly in supply shortage of funds led to the contradiction between supply and demand is still prominent, lack of ability of sustainable operation for microfinance itself, target customers aiming mechanism is not perfect, credit single product flexibility is not enough and so on. The microfinance as foothold, in the background of China's rural financial development and solve \farming\problem, the research of system of China's rural micro credit project of carding, trying to find out a suitable for China's actual situation of microfinance sustainable development road.

[Key words]:

Microfinance 、Rural finance、Sustainable development、Poverty alleviation