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交网教育 六级讲义（二）
determine what coverage makes you feel most confident should an accident happen.
8. Before making a decision, one should check what insurance coverage he already has so that he won‘t buy __n.__.
【定位】第5个3级标题Know About Your Other Insurance第1段最后一句:Make sure you know what insurance coverage you already have so that you don't purchase unnecessary coverage. 9. The coverage for an expensive car will probably be more expensive because it has __n.__/v-ed. 【定位】第3个次标题The Price of Auto Insurance第1段最后两句：If you purchase a vehicle that has a high theft rate, your coverage will probably be more expensive. Essentially, though, your coverage will be based on the value of your car.
10. Compared with safe drivers, those who are easily involved in traffic violations or accidents will have to __v.__. 【定位】全文最后一句：drivers who are prone to traffic violations or accidents will have to pay more for insurance than safe drivers. Test 2
`Allergy Whether it's runny, itchy or stuffed, your nose knows what's bothering it. But do you know what's wrong with your nasal passages? Understanding allergies isn't difficult, but it is the first step toward building a healthy alliance with your nose, eyes, and lungs. What Causes Allergies?
Allergies are the result of the [1]immune system's mistaken response to a harmless
substance. Normally, the immune system stands guard and defends your body against intruders that can be dangerous to your health, such as viruses and bacteria. When it does its job well, your immune system keeps you from getting sick every time an ill-intentioned germ finds its way into your body. In some people, however, the immune system has difficulty distinguishing between the good guys(or, at least, the neutral guys) and the bad guys. Like a nervous new soldier, it sees danger everywhere and overreacts. An overreactive immune system pulls out all the stops for substances that won't do you any actual harm, such as dust, pollen (花粉), and animal dander (毛屑). These harmless substances are called `allergens.
[2]When people who have allergies encounter an allergen, their immune system
produces antibodies, called IgE antibodies, that are specific to that substance —for instance, cat dander.
Allergic Symptoms
The body's first line of defense against invaders includes the nose, mouth, eyes, lungs, and stomach. When the immune system reacts to an allergen, these body parts become battlegrounds.
Signs of the battle can include one or more of the following: runny nose; sneezing; watery, swollen, or red eyes; nasal congestion; sinus inflammation and pressure; hives; rashes; itchy eyes; itchy nose; wheezing; shortness of breath; a tight feeling in the chest; difficulty breathing; coughing; diarrhea; nausea; headache; fatigue; and a general feeling of misery. It's ironic that the immune system, designed to protect you from illness, produces symptoms that make you feel sick when it overreacts to worldly substances. But that's the nature
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交网教育 六级讲义（二）
of the allergic response. The symptoms are the unfortunate result of the immune system's [3]overperformance. It's a perfect example of the old saying that sometimes the cure is worse than the disease[4]. What Makes Some People Easily Affected with Allergies?
Why some people are allergic to certain things while others are not can be a difficult
topic to understand. For example, a dog can jump into your lap and, just like that, you will start to sneeze and your eyes will drip. Meanwhile, your friend or neighbor experiences none of the above effects.
Why is this?[5]There are three main reasons: inherited genes, environment and age. It's in the Genes
Allergies can often be blamed on mom and dad. The tendency to become allergic is inherited, and [6]the chances that you also will be allergic increase from about 50 percent when one parent is allergic to 75 or 80 percent when both parents have allergies. Tell your friends you're \have an allergy. But you needn't feel strange...or alone. The American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI) estimates that as many as 50 million Americans suffer with asthma(哮喘), hay fever, or other allergy-related conditions.
So, the family genes are stacked against you. Does this mean instant sniffles? Not always. Don't forget, even if you have a 60 percent chance of developing allergies, you also have a 40 percent chance of not developing them.
Environment Counts There's more to developing allergies than inheritance. What you become allergic to is
based on when and how much you're exposed to a substance and how much of it you're exposed to.
For example, say you have a tendency to be allergic to mold spores(霉菌孢子). You
may have no allergy symptoms when you're living alone in your apartment, but when a roommate moves in, bringing along a jungle of house-plants, an old mattress, and a humidifier (to keep her skin moist) you soon become a symphony of sneezes and snorts. What happened? You had endured a certain amount of exposure to mold spores without a problem, but once[7] the scales were tipped by the assault of your roommate's mold-bearing stuff, your immune system begin to overact.
As Does Age
How old you are when you're exposed is critical, and viruses may also play a role.
Recent studies show that heavy exposure early in life—before age 2—may be protective against animal allergies and asthma.
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交网教育 六级讲义（二）
Skin Allergies
The skin is your largest organ and an important defender against invaders. It is constantly under attack and usually fends off trouble quite successfully. Sometimes, however, an allergen gets the best of your skin, causing a reaction.
Symptoms can include a rash or hives, or swelling, itching, and cracking of the skin.
Our hands, arms, neck, and face come in contact with so many substances every day that they are the most common sites for an allergic skin reaction, but no part of your anatomy(身体) is immune. A skin reaction that is the result of contact with an allergen is called allergic contact dermatitis. By contrast, a skin reaction caused by contact with a substance that is harsh or caustic(腐蚀性的) is called irritant contact dermatitis(皮炎) and does not involve allergies or the immune system[8].
Food Allergies There are two types of reactions to food. One is the result of an actual allergy while the
other is a result of an intolerance. Food intolerance is actually the more common of the two, but food allergies are the more serious.
A food allergy is a hypersensitivity or abnormal response by the immune system to a certain food. It's a sensitivity that develops the same way as allergies to pollen or mold. First your body already needs to have encountered the allergen (in this case, a food) in order to have developed antibodies to it. That's why you can have eaten a peanut once and not have had a reaction to it. It's only the next time you eat a peanut that your body reacts as the antibodies to peanuts now rally themselves for a fight. The symptoms of an allergic reaction to food range from tingling(使感刺痛) lips and tongue to difficulty breathing and, most seriously, shock. The site of the reaction and its severity can vary. [9]When two or more organ systems are involved or if there is wheezing(呼吸困难), the reaction is considered severe. Reactions may get progressively worse with subsequent exposures. Just because a person has had only mild reactions to an allergic food does not mean that the next reaction will not be serious and potentially fatal.
Drug Allergies
Although people experience all kinds of reactions to medications, these are usually side effects of the drug rather than allergic reactions.
An unexpected allergic reaction to a drug is rare, but the symptoms can be severe, ranging from skin rashes and hives to fever and anaphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening reaction that includes swelling of the mouth and tongue, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, a drastic drop in blood pressure, unconsciousness, and even death.
Drugs infamous for causing allergic reactions are some of the same drugs made famous for saving countless lives, most notably penicillin and sulfa(磺胺类药剂) drugs. Aspirin and aspirin-like drugs are also a common cause of allergic reactions and are known to touch off asthma attacks, especially in children[10].
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交网教育 六级讲义（二）
1. Allergies happen if our immune system breaks down when there are some intruders like viruses and bacteria.
2. When we touch some allergen, the immune system in every one of us will work to produce some antibodies.
3. The overreaction of the immune system will not be stopped without the help of some medicine. 4. The symptoms of allergy might be even worse than the disease we might get without the immune system.
5. Whether one is allergic to certain things mainly depends on _n._.
6. People whose one parent or both parents are allergic might have allergies with the possibility of _______.
7. An allergic person can endure a certain amount of exposure to the allergen, but the immune system will overact once _主谓结构_.
8. The difference between a skin reaction caused by allergen and one caused by harsh or caustic substances lies in whether it _主谓结构_.
9. The allergic reaction to food is considered to be severe when one finds difficulty breathing or has some problems in _n._.
10. It is known to us that aspirin and aspirin-like drugs may _v.+n._ and asthma attacks, particularly in children.
1. Allergies happen if our immune system breaks down when there are some intruders like viruses and bacteria.
【定位】第1个小标题What Causes Allergies?部分第1句Allergies are the result of the immune system's mistaken response to a harmless substance.
【解析】根据原文，过敏只是人体免疫系统对有害物质的错误反应，也就是说免疫系统仍在工作，而不是本题中所说的break down，故答案为N。
2. When we touch some allergen, the immune system in every one of us will work to produce some antibodies. 【定位】第1个小标题What Causes Allergies?部分最后1句：When people who have allergies encounter an allergen, their immune system produces antibodies。
【解析】只有有敏感症的人接触到过敏原，其免疫系统才会产生抗体，而不是所有的人都这样，故答案为N。
3. The overreaction of the immune system will not be stopped without the help of some medicine. 【定位】第2题与第4题在文中对应处之间。 【解析】虽然本题中的overreaction与原文中第2个小标题Allergic Symptoms部分第3段第3句The symptoms are the unfortunate result of the immune system’s overperformance?中的overperformance同义，但是并没有提到如何解决，本题属无中生有，故答案为NG。 4. The symptoms of allergy might be even worse than the disease we might get without the immune system.
【定位】第2个小标题Allergic Symptoms部分最后一句It's a perfect example of the old saying that sometimes the cure is worse than the disease.
【解析】根据原文，过敏的症状相当于cure，而在古语里说的disease就可以相当于人们没有免疫系统所得的病了，故答案为Y。
5. Whether one is allergic to certain things mainly depends on _n._.
【定位】第3个小标题What Makes Some People Easily Affected with Allergies?部分第2段
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交网教育 六级讲义（二）
There are three main reasons: inherited genes, environment and age.
【解析】空白处需填入名词性成分。题干中mainly之前的内容在第1段提及，mainly depends on与原文中的three main reasons近义。
6. People whose one parent or both parents are allergic might have allergies with the possibility of _______.
【定位】第4个小标题It's in the Genes部分第1段第2句the chances that you also will be allergic increase from about 50 percent when one parent is allergic to 75 or 80 percent when both parents have allergies 。
7. An allergic person can endure a certain amount of exposure to the allergen, but the immune system will overact once 主谓结构.
【定位】第5个小标题Environment Counts部分最后一句You had endured a certain amount of exposure to mold spores without a problem, but once the scales were tipped by the assault of your roommate's mold-bearing stuff, your immune system begin to overact.
【解析】空白处需填入主谓结构。本题中endure后内容与原文一致，mold spores属于allergen的一种，故填入the scales were tipped。
10. It is known to us that aspirin and aspirin-like drugs may v.+n. and asthma attacks, particularly in children.
【定位】全文最后一句Aspirin and aspirin-like drugs are also a common cause of allergic reactions and are known to touch off asthma attacks, especially in children. 。
【解析】空白处需填入动宾成分，宾语与asthma attacks并列。将原文中的名词cause用作动词，即可，touch off也是cause的同义表达，故答案为cause allergic reactions。 Test 3
Olympic Torches Every two years, people around the world wait in anticipation as a torch-bearing runner enters the Olympic arena and lights the cauldron(大锅炉). The symbolic lighting of the Olympic flame marks the beginning of another historic Olympic Games.
The opening ceremony is the end of a long journey for the Olympic torch. By the time it arrives in the stadium, it has traveled thousands of miles. It may have crossed oceans, deserts, and mountains. It may have been carried on planes, trains, bicycles, boats, and even dog sleds. And it will have passed through the hands of thousands of different people around the globe.
History of the Torch The ancient Greeks revered the power and fire. In Greek mythology, the god
Prometheus stole fire from Zeus and gave it to humans. [1]To celebrate the passing of fire from Prometheus to man, the Greeks would hold relay races. Athletes would pass a lit torch to one another until the winner reached the finish line.
The Greeks held their first Olympic Games in 776 B.C. The Games, held every four years at Olympia, honored Zeus and other Greek gods. The Olympics also marked the beginning of a period of peace for the often warring Greeks. [2]At the start of the Games, runners called \使者) of peace\休战)\to all wars between rival city-states. The truce would remain in place for the duration of the games, so that spectators could safely travel to the Olympics. A constantly burning flame was a regular fixture throughout Greece. It usually
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