内容发布更新时间 : 2024/12/22 22:45:42星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

卖方义务 A1卖方的一般义务 卖方应当提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。 A1-A10所提到的文件可以是由当事人约定的或已成为惯例的，具有同等效力的电子档案或程序。 A2许可证、批准、安全通关及其他手续 卖方应当自担风险和费用，并且在需要的时候取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，而且在办理海关手续时办理货物出口所需要的一切海关手续. A3运输合同与保险合同 a) 运输 卖方没有为买方订立运输合同的义务。但是，若经买方要求，或者依循商业惯例且买方未适时给予卖方相反指示，则卖方可以按照通常条件订立由买方承担风险与费用的运输合同。在任何一种情况下，卖方都可以拒绝订立此合同；如果拒绝，则应立即通知买方。 b) 保险 卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但是，卖方应当按照买方的要求，向买方提供其所需的有关购买保险的信息，由此产生的任何风险、费用由买方承担。 A4 交货 若有约定具体的交货点，卖方应按照约定，在指定的地点于约定的日期或者期限内，将货物交付给承运人或者买方指定的其他人。 交货在以下情况完成： a)若指定的地点是卖方所在地，则当货物已装载于买方所提供的运输工具时； b) 当装载于卖方的运输工具上的货物已达到卸货条件，且处于承运人或买方指定的其他人的处置之下时的任何其他情况。 若买方未按照B7 d) 项之规定，将在指定的地区内的具体交货地点通知卖方，且有几个具体交货点可供选择时，卖方可以在指定地点中选择最符合其目的的交货地点。 除非买方另有通知，否则，卖方可以根据货物的数量和/或性质的要求，将货物以适宜的方式交付运输。 Incoterms 2010

买方义务 B1买方的一般义务 买方应当支付销售合同中规定的货物价款 B1-B10所提到的文件可以是由当事人约定的或已成为惯例的，具有同等效力的电子档案或程序。 B2许可证、批准、安全通关及其他手续 在需要的时候，买方可以获取一切进口许可证或其他官方许可，以及办理货物进口的海关手续和从他国过境的一切相关手续，并自担风险和费用。 B3运输合同和保险合同 a) 运输 买方应当自付费用订立从指定的交货地点运输货物的合同，卖方按照A3 a) 规定订立合同的除外。 b) 保险 买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。 B4受领货物(接收货物) 买方应当在卖方按照A4规定交货时，收取货物。 21/88

贸易术语解释通则2010

A5风险转移 卖方承担货物灭失或损害的一切风险，直至卖方已按照A4的规定交付货物，在B5描述的情况下产生的灭失或损害除外。 B5风险转移 买方自卖方按照A4规定交货之时起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。 若 a) 买方没有按照B7规定将依A4规定对承运人或其他人的指定告知卖方或提醒其注意；或 b) 其按照A4规定指定的承运人或其他人未接管货物，则，买方按照下述规定承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险： i）自约定日期时起。若没有约定日期， ii）自卖方在约定的时期内依A7规定告知买方的日期起。若没有告知日期， iii）自任何约定的交货期限届满之日起， 但以该货物已被清楚地确定为合同项下货物为限。 A6 费用划分 卖方应当支付 a) 与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。除B6中规定的由买方支付的费用外;及 b) 在适用情况下，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。 B6 费用划分 买方应当支付： a) 自按照A4规定的交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用，除了A6 b）中规定的货物出口办理海关手续的费用及其他货物出口应缴纳的关税、税款和其他费用。 b) 因发生下述任一情况产生的任何额外费用： (i)由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人； (ii)或由于承运人或买方指定的人未能接管货物； (iii)或由于买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知, 但以该货物已被清楚地确定为合同项下货物为限。 c) 在有必要时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用以及办理海关手续的费用及从他国过境的费用。 A7通知买方 在买方自担风险和费用的情况下，卖方应当将货物已经按照A4的规定交付，或承运人或买方指定的其他人未能在约定的时间内提取货物的信息充分告知买方。 B7通知卖方 买方应当： a)及时告知卖方其依A4规定指定的承运人或者其他人的名称，使卖方能够按照A4条款的规定发送货物； b)在必要时，告知卖方被指定的承运人或其他人在约定的期限内收取货物的具体时间； c)告知卖方由买方指定人采取的运输方式；以及 d)在约定地点内的具体取货位置。 A8交货凭证 卖方应当自担费用地向买方提供证明按照A4规定已完成交货的通常凭证。 Incoterms 2010

B8 提货证据 买方应当接受卖方依A8规定提供的交货凭证。 贸易术语解释通则2010

22/88

卖方应当根据买方的要求，给予买方一切协助以取得运输单据，风险和费用由买方承担 A9 检查、包装、标志 B9 货物检验 卖方应当支付那些对实现按照A4的标准运输货物的买方应当支付任何装运之前强制检验的费用，但出口目标必不可少的检查措施（比如说质量检查，测量，国强制进行的检验除外。 称重，计数）所产生的费用，以及任何为出口国当 局规定的装运前检验的费用。 卖方应当由自己负担成本来包装货物，除非对该特定种类的交易来说，将这种被销售货物不加包装地运输是相关行业惯例。卖方可以将货物以适宜其运输的方式加以包装，除非买方在销售合同签订前向卖方通知了明确的包装要求。包装应当适当地标记。 A10信息帮助和相关费用 应买方的要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方应当在需要时及时向买方提供或给予协助，以帮助买方取得为买方进口货物可能要求的和/或在运往目的地的过程中可能需要的包括与安全清关有关的信息在内的任何单据或信息。 卖方应当补偿买方因提供B10中协助其取得单据和信息的行为时的费用和要价。 B10信息帮助和相关费用 买方应当及时告知卖方其关于安全清关信息方面的请求，使卖方能够履行A10中规定的义务。 买方应当对卖方因依A10规定所提供或给予的关于取得单据和信息的协助而产生的费用和要价进行补偿。 应卖方的要求并由其承担风险和费用，买方应当在需要时及时向卖方提供或给予协助，以帮助卖方取得为运输和出口货物和/或从他国过境时需要的包括与安全清关有关的信息在内的任何单据或信息。

Incoterms 2010 23/88 贸易术语解释通则2010

CPT – Carriage Paid to (insert named place of destination)

GUIDANCE NOTE

This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.

“Carriage Paid To” means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between the parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.

When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier and not when the goods reach the place of destination.

This rule has two critical points, because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places. The parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible in the contract both the place of delivery, where the risk passes to the buyer, and the named place of destination to which the

seller must contract for the carriage. If several carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination and the parties do not agree on a specific point of delivery, the default position is that risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier at a point entirely of the seller’s choosing and over which the

buyer has no control. Should the parties wish the risk to pass at a later stage (e.g., at an ocean port or airport), they need to specify this in their contract of sale. The parties are also well advised to identify as precisely as possible the point within the agreed place of destination, as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller. The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely. If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the named place of destination, the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties.

CPT requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.

CPT——运费付至（……指定目的港）

导言

这一术语无例外地用于所选择的任何一种运输方式以及运用多种运输方式的情况。

“运费付至…”指卖方在指定交货地向承运人或由其(卖方)指定的其他人交货并且其（卖方）须与承运人订立运输合同，载明并实际承担将货物运送至指定目的地的所产生的必要费用.

在CPT, CIP, CFR, or CIF适用的情形下，卖方的交货义务在将货物交付承运人，而非货物到达指定目的地时，即告完全履行。

此规则有两个关键点，因为风险和成本在不同的地方发生转移。买卖双方当事人应在买卖合同中尽可能准确地确定以下两个点：发生转移至买方的交货地点;在其须订立的运输合同中载明的指定目的地。如果使用多个承运人将货物运至指定目的地，且买卖双方并未对具体交货地点有所约定，则合同默认风险自货物由买方交给第一承运人时转移，卖方对这一交货地点的选取具有排除买方控制的绝对选择权。如果当事方希望风险转移推迟至稍后的地点发生（例如：某海港或机场），那么他们需要在买卖合同中明确约定这一点。 由于将货物运至指定目的地的费用由卖方承担，因而当事人应尽可能准确地确定目的地中的具体地点。且卖方须在运输合同中载明这一具体的交货地点。卖方基于其运输合同中在指定目的地卸货时，如果产生了相关费用，卖方无权向买方索要，除非双方有其他约定。

CPT贸易术语要求卖方，在需要办理这些手续时，办理货物出口清关手续。但是，卖方没有义务办理货物进口清关手续、支付进口关税以及办理任何进口所需的任何海关手续。

Incoterms 2010

24/88

贸易术语解释通则2010

A THE SELLER’ OBLIGATIONS A1 General obligations of the seller The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities Where applicable, the seller must obtain, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods, and for their transport through any country prior to delivery. A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance a) Contract of carriage The seller must contract or procure a contract for the carriage of the goods from the agreed point of delivery, if any, at the place of delivery to the named place of destination or, if agreed, any point at that place. The contract of carriage must be made on usual terms at the seller’s expense and provide for carriage by the usual route and in a customary manner. If a specific point is not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the point of delivery and the point at the named place of destination that best suit its purpose. b) Contract of insurance The seller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance. A4 Delivery The seller must deliver the goods by handing them over to the carrier contracted in accordance with A3 on the agreed date or within the agreed period. Incoterms 2010

B THE BUYER’ OBLIGATIONS B1 General obligations of the buyer The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the contract of sale. Any document referred to in B1-B10 may be an equivalent electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obtain, at its own risk and expense, any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transport through any country. B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance a) Contract of carriage The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of carriage. b) Contract of insurance The buyer has no obligation to the seller to make a contract of insurance. However, the buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for obtaining insurance. B4 Taking delivery The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered as envisaged in A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place of destination. 25/88 贸易术语解释通则2010