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IC卡电度表控制电路设计

摘 要

飞速发展的电力工业对电能的计量与管理提出了更高的要求:先付费、后用电，实施分时电价，实现自动抄表和收费等。IC卡预付费电子电能表应运而生，能够满足上述要求。

本论文在大量文献查阅和市场调研的基础上，论述了IC卡预付费电子电能表的工作原理及采用的标准，IC卡的主要技术，论述了电能表的方案设计、电能测量电路芯片的选型及电表控制程序设计中应该考虑的具体技术问题。

售电管理系统软件不仅能实现对IC卡和电费的管理，还能实现对生活小区住户及其它各种费用的综合管理，论文详细地说明了售电管理系统的功能分析、模块划分、程序的总体结构、输入输出以及接口设计、数据结构的设计等，并说明了几个主要模块关键技术的实现。

因此，预付费电子电能表系统具有广泛的应用前景。

关键字:电子电能表；IC卡；预付费；单片机；交流采样

I

ABSTRACT

The electric industry has been developed at very fast speed, it brings forward higher requires to the electricity management. It hopes that the user can prepay electricity before using it，time-sharing electrovalence, copying the data’s from watt-hour meters and charging can be cayyied out automatically .In these cases the full electronic watt-hour meter of prepayment of IC card emerges, it can be meet the demands of the management above.

Based on consulting a lot of literature and investigating，the paper discussed the principle of the full electronic watt-hour meter of prepayment of IC card, the standard and the technology of IC card. It also discussed the design of the watt-hour meter, the type of the energy measurement chips and the technique problems of the control program.

The software of selling electricity management system can carry out not only the management to the IC card, but also the comprehensive management of various fees. The paper explained the analysis of function, module partition, program structure, input and output, interface and structure design of the software in detail. It stressed the critical technology of each module.

Therefore the system of the full electronic watt-hour meter of prepayment has widely application prospect.

Key words：The full electronic watt-hour meter；IC card；Prepayment；

Single chip computer; Ac sampling

目 录

摘 要.............................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. II 第1章 绪 论................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 IC卡概况 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 IC卡的分类 .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 IC卡预付费电度表 ..................................................................................... 3 1.4 近几年IC卡预付费电度表发展状态 .................................................... 4 1.5 IC卡在预付费电度表中的功能 .................................................................... 5 第2章 IC卡电度表原理分析..................................................................................... 6

2.1 预付费电表原理和常识 ................................................................................ 6 2.2 市场上常见预付费电表及其比较 ................................................................ 6 2.3 IC卡电度表的组成框图 ................................................................................ 7 第3章 硬件电路设计.................................................................................................. 9

3.1 主控芯片的选用 ............................................................................................ 9

3.1.1 AT89C52的封装引脚 .......................................................................... 9 3.1.2 AT89C52的内部特性 .......................................................................... 9 3.1.3 AT89C52方框图 ............................................................................... 10 3.1.4 各引脚功能说明 ............................................................................... 11 3.1.5 振荡器特性 ....................................................................................... 13 3.1.6 空闲模式 ........................................................................................... 13 3.1.7 掉电模式 ........................................................................................... 14 3.2 接口电路的设计 .......................................................................................... 14

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