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苏州市职业大学

毕业设计（论文）说明书

设计（论文）题目 基于单片机控制的直流电机调速系统设计

系 电子信息工程系

专业班级 09电气自动化技术2班

姓 名 石 贵 江

学 号 097301226

指导教师 淮 文 军

2012年5月19

摘要

主要通过PWM信号对直流电转速进行控制。首先预设电机转速，单片机将此转速

按照固定的比例转化为一定占空比的脉冲信号输出到直流电机驱动模块。与直流电机同轴的光电旋转编码器采集脉冲信号，将此脉冲信号输入到单片机，单片机对脉冲信号分析处理得到电机实时转速，将此转速与预设转速进行比较得出差值。将差值转化为一定占空比，此占空比与预设转速占空比的和的脉冲继续输出到直流电机驱动模块，循环次过程。

该系统用STC 89C52RC型号单片机为主控芯片，L298N芯片为直流电机驱动，LCD1602液晶显示屏显示实时转速。本系统硬件电路设计可靠，抗干扰能力强，调速快、波动范围1%。

关键词：单片机，电机驱动，液晶显示，转速设定

ABSTRACT

The speed of DC motors is mainly controlled by PWM signals in my Graduation project. First a preset speed will be transferred to single-chip computer. Then the speed will be fixed into a certain proportion of the duty cycle of the pulse signal by single-chip computer. The signal is transferred to DC motor driver module. Axis photoelectric rotary encoder with DC motors collection pulse, the pulse input signal to a single-chip, chip for pulse signal analysis and processing to be motor speed in real time, compare this speed with the preset speed on business value. Turning difference into certain duty cycle, this duty with preset speed duty cycle and the pulse continues to output to DC motor driving module, cyclic process. The STC 89C52RC SCM for system control chip, L298N IC for DC motor drive, LCD1602 LCD screen display speed in real time. This reliable system hardware circuit design, strong anti-jamming ability, fast speed, less volatile. Keyword: SCM, motors, LCD display, set speed