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英语单项知识的讲解与练习(29)
141、no matter how hard it is
no matter how ...引导让步状语从句,意为“无论多么……”,how
后跟形容词或副词,相当于“however + adj./adv.”句式。
no matter意为“无论;不管”时,引导让步状语从句,常用于下列句型中:no matter what (who/when etc. )... 分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等,这个从句可以置于主句之前,也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。
no matter what (who, which, where, when … )只能引导让步状语从句; whatever (whoever, whichever, whomever)既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。
no matter 引导的分句表达的是将来的含义,但形式上要用现在时。如:No matter who will come (改为:comes);
no matter 引导的分句不能作宾语或主语。如:I’ll eat no matter what (改为:whatever) you give me;
whichever意为“无论哪个;无论哪些”;whatever意为“无论什么;凡是……的事物”。
whichever可以引导名词性从句或让步状语从句,which是个疑问词;用在疑问句中,或作关系代词,引导定语从句。
no matter which只能引导让步状语从句;而whichever可引导让步状语从句和名词从句。no matter which可以用whichever代替,但
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两个同时出现在选项中时,必须选whichever。 练习:
①No matter ___ he said, I don’t like him. A. what B. how C. that D. why ②No matter ___ you go, I will go with you. A. what B. which C. where D. that
③That student is discourteous; he complains ___ one tries to please him.
A. however B. whatever C. no matter what D. no matter how ④_____ the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves. A. Whatever difficult B. How difficult C. However difficult D. No matter what difficult ⑤It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ⑥We’ll eat at _____ restaurant has a free table.
A. which B. whatever C. whichever D. no matter which ⑦These wild flowers are so special that I would _____ do I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
142、mind doing something
(1)、mind doing something 通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句等
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结构中,这个结构前还可加所有格定语。类似的词有:delay, deny, fancy, imagine, excuse。
(2)、Do/ Would you mind doing something? 请你做某事是否介意吗? mind 后的动作仍是主语you 的动作,表示说话人请求对方做某事,一般接动名词,而不用if 从句。
Would you mind one’s doing something? 某人做某事你介意吗?指说话人征求对方对自己做某事的意见。
这两个问句的答语,如表示允许、同意某人做某事用:No, I don’t mind/ No, go ahead/ No, please/ Of course not/ Not at all/ Certainly not. 如表示不允许用:I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed/ Yes, I do mind/ I’m afraid I can’t let you/ I’d rather you didn’t.
(3)、mind后的if 从句通常不用将来时,而用一般现在时或一般过去时。句前用do,从句通常用一般现在时;句前用would, if 从句通常用一般过去时;would 和从句中的一般过去时并不表示过去,而是说话人表示礼貌或委婉语气的需要,有时可用if you don’t mind于句尾。如: I’d like to ask you a few questions if you don’t mind = Would/ Do you mind if I asked/ ask you a few questions? 也可用:Would you be kind/ good enough to do something/ Would you be so kind as to do something? 表示请求,但语气较强。
(4)、只能接动名词作宾语的常用动词有:mind, enjoy, miss, escape, practise, suggest, give up, avoid, finish, insist on 等。巧记:memepsgafi妹妹不吃咖啡。
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