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2013年高三英语二轮复习专题一学案

----定语从句

【考纲解读】定语从句是中学阶段一个重要的语法项目,是同学们学习的难点,也是高考的考查

热点?主要出现在单项选择，完形填空及阅读表达翻译等题型中。而命题点则主要涉及到关系代词或关系副词的选择。为了帮助同学们学习,本专题拟就定语从句的命题角度作一归纳,以期提高同学们的应考能力

【高考再现】

1.(08山东26)Occasions are quite rare_________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A.who B.which C.why D.when 答案 D

解析 when此处为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，when在从句中作时间状语。 2.(09山东24)Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.

A. who B. which C. when D. that 答案 B

解析 本题考查关系代词的用法，非限制性定语从句，指代前面一个句子，故用which. 3.（10山东24）That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What 答案：C

考点：本题考查定语从句的引导词。

解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose

4.（10山东38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy ______ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 答案：C

考点：此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句

解析：考察介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which\\that we may return to in the near future.

5.（2011山东卷）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that

解析：D。此题考察定语从句的引导词。句意：\这个老城镇拥有建的彼此靠近的狭窄的街道和狭小的房屋\。定语从句中缺少主语指物，因此用 that 。

6.（2012山东23）. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.

A. them B. that C. which D. what 【答案】C 【解析】此处先行词是two novels，后面是一个非限制性定语从句且介词前置，因此用both of which引导。句意：Maria写了两部小说，两部都被拍成了电视剧。 【考点】考查非限制性定语从句的用法

【试题分析】

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近五年每年都有题目出现其考点相对集中地考查非限制性定语从句、关系代词和关系副词的选用、whose的用法，以及“介词+关系代词”等.预计今后高考命题中定语从句会侧重考查非限制性定语从句（特别是关系代词which与as的援用），介词+关系代词，定语从句与相似句式的用法差别等。

【复习目标】

1. To revise the basic grammar rules of Attributive Clause.

2. To grasp some important and difficult points in Attributive Clause. 3. To tell the difference between Attributive Clause and other Clauses

【知识主线】

定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体

【易混易错】

易错点一：不会选择正确的关系词。

易错点二：不能区别定语从句与别的从句或结构。学生们极易弄混定语从句与强调结构，定语从句与状语从句、表语从句等间的区别。

易错点三：不注意标点符号。标点符号在定语从句中，尤其是以逗号连接主从句的非限制性定语从句中作用极大，又极易被学生忽视。许多学生不注意符号的特定作用，只要主从句指代无误，翻译通顺就可以，因而易导致错误。

易错点四：不注意介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句时的介词的习惯搭配。往往不知道关系代词前面应该加上与从句中谓语动词意义相符的介词。

易错点五：不能准确断句，甚至疏忽句子的结构。许多学生因粗心或因对句子结构理解不清而易出现一些错误。

【重锤猛敲】

1.判断关系代词or关系副词？ 2.that、which、as的区别与使用 3.关系代词前介词的确定 4.whose的使用

5.定语从句中的主谓一致问题 6.对 the way作先行词的考察 7.抽象性地点状语 8.各种句式综合考察

【方法规律】

1. 通读全句。首先判断主句与先行词(指人还是指物)。 2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。

3. 分析定语从句的句子结构。在定语从句中，缺什么句子成分，就补什么：当缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语时，用关系代词；当缺少状语时，用关系副词。

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4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词（and, but，so）等。

【针对训练】

1. That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when

2.. Ａlot of language learning, ______has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

A. as B. it C. which D. this

3.. Sales director is a position ______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

4. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

5. The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

A. that B. it C. as D. what

6.. It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all. A. that B. where C. which D. what

7.. Care of the soul is a gradual process ____ even the small details of life should be considered.

A. what B. in what C. which D. in which

8. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which

9. 13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.

A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 10. We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which

11. The Science Museum, _________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.

A. which B. what C. that D. Where

12. It was along the Mississippi River_______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. Where

13. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect.

A. it B. what C. which D. that

14.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, __________are beyond our control.

A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that

15. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ____I can be reached most evenings. A. which B. when C. whom D. where

16.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry,_______ there won’t be much work. A. where B. that C. by which D. without which

17.For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _______ New York is an example.