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高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship

Part 1. Warming up

1. 介词不同，含义有别：

be good to sb./sth. 对 … 好 be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长，精通 be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English.

He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。

2. add up 合计，把…加起来 add up to 合计达到…

add to 增加，增添 add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900.

The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven.

▲ add vt. 补充说 （后接that从句或者直接引语） eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added.

3. point n.点，要点，观点，意义，得分 v.指着

be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事，这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要（意义）做某事 4. until与not … until

until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。

not … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight.

5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有：admit, appreciate, avoid，consider，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine，mind, miss（错过）, practice, suggest, risk，can't stand（不能忍受）, can’t help (忍不住），give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth.

There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。

We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills

6. get sth. done 使某事被做 ( get做使役动词，“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语 ) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut?

I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football.

▲ get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 eg. I will get him to do the work.

▲ get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲ get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态 eg. Get everything ready. ★ 联想：have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

have sb./sth. doing 使某人或者某物持续做某事

“让某人做某事”的表达方法 let /make/have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth. 7. Your friend comes to school very upset.

upset 此处为adj. 做主语补足语，用来补充说明主语的情况。 Eg. He went to bed cold and hungry. She got married young. ▲ upset的用法：

(1). adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的（多做表语） 搭配：be upset about sth. 为某事烦心 be upset that… 心烦

eg. She was really upset about losing the money.

I was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.

(2). vt. 使不安，使心烦(upset, upset) upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼 Eg. Don’t upset yourself about it.

The bad news upset the boy’s mother. 8. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽视

eg. He ignored my advice, so he failed in this exam. Alice saw Jack coming, but ignored him.

ignorance n.无知 ignorant adj. 不知道的，无知的

be ignorance of/about sb./sth. 对某人/某物不知道 eg. I was ignorant(of the fact)that the boss should be so strict. 我不知道老板居然那样严格。 9. calm down vt./vi. （使）平静下来，（使）镇定下来 eg. The excited girl quickly calmed down.

He took a deep breath to calm himself down. ▲ calm adj. 平静的，镇静的，沉着的 eg. Keep calm.

After the storm, it became calm again. ▲ adj. calm, quiet, still, silent辨析：

calm 平静的，沉着的（指无风浪或者人的心情不激动）

quiet 安静的，宁静的（指没有声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼，忧虑） still 静止的，不动的（指没有运动或者动作的状态） silent 沉默的，不出声的（指没有声音或者不讲话） 【一言辨异】

When facing danger, you should keep calm; when taken photos of, you should keep still; when someone else is asleep, you should keep quiet; in class, you shouldn’t keep silent about the teacher’s questions.

10. have got to 不得不，必须 (否定：haven’t got to) = have to（否定：don’t have to) eg. I have got to go to a meeting. Have you got to go now?

He hasn’t got to come tomorrow. 【说明】:

have got to 很少用于过去时态, have to 可用于各种时态；表示一次性动作时，两者可互换，表示习惯性动作，尤其句中有always, often 等时，应用have to. 11. concern （1）vt. (使)担忧，涉及，关系到 eg. She concerns herself about her son’s future.

The news concerns your brother.

▲ concern 做动词时，更多情况下用过去分词做表语。

搭配：① be concerned about/for sth. 为 … 担心，关心，关注，挂念 ② be concerned with sth. 与…有关，涉及 ③ as/so far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言 Eg. The family are all concerned about her safety. He was concerned with the matter.

As far as I am concerned, I don’t agree with you.

(2) n. [u]/[c] 担心，挂念，关注，利害关系；关心的事 Eg. show/express/feel/have concern about/for… 关心… with concern 关心地

At that time, one of his concerns was to go to college. 12. go on holiday 去度假

take care of = look after = care for walk the dog 遛狗

13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose…

(1). While walking the dog = While you were walking the dog是一个由while引导的省略的时间状语从句。

【点拨】 在when/while引导的时间状语从句，where引导的地点状语从句，if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句，as/as if引导的方式状语从句，though/although/even if引导的让步状语从句中，若主从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式，则从句的主语和be动词可以省略；或者当从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式，这时省略it和be动词。

Eg. ① While reading a book, I heard a knock on the door.

② When taken into a warm house, a piece of ice becomes smaller and smaller until in the end it disappears completely.

③ Fill the blanks with a proper word where necessary. ④ Once seen, it will never be forgotten.

⑤ The workers just carried out the order as told. ⑥ Even if invited, I won’t go to the party.

⑦ Mr Green, though old, did the job very well.

⑧ We should speak English whenever possible. 请试着把以上省略的状语从句补充完整。

(2). get loose 变松 (“get + adj.”构成系表结构，意为“变得…”) Eg. It is getting darker and darker outside. ▲ “get + 过去分词”构成系表结构：

① 表示被动。Eg. get burnt被烫伤 get hurt受伤 get killed被杀 get caught被抓 ② 表示自身发出的动作。

Eg. get changed换衣服 get dressed穿衣服 get married结婚 get washed洗脸 ▲ “get + v-ing” 构成系表结构：（意为“某人/某物开始做…”, 表示主动） Eg. get moving/working

14. You are taking your end-of-term exam. 你就要参加期末考试了。

现在进行时有时也用来表示按计划安排即将发生的动作,常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。