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Chapter 16

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). ——1.In terms of landmass, Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. ——2.The name ―Sydney‖ means ―meeting place‖ in the Aboriginal language. ——3.The first documented European expedition to Australia was made by Abel

Tasman.

——4.Australia Day is on January 26, which originates from the establishment

of the first British colony on this day in 1788.

——5.There was a period of great economic expansion in Australia following the

gold rush in the 1850s.

——6.The purpose of the Immigration Restriction Act in 1901 was to restrict

European immigrant numbers.

——7.The economy in Australia developed rapidly by means of the policy of

―men, money and markets‖ in the 1920s.

——8.It was Britain that helped protect Australia from the Japanese in the

Battle of the Coral Sea during World War Ⅱ.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1.____ is the lowest point in Australia.

A. Lake Eyre B. The Great Artesian Basin C. Mount Kosciuszko D. The Great Victoria Desert 2.____ is Australia‘s capital.

A. Sydney B. Melbourne C. Brisbane D. Canberra

3.Britain‘s first permanent colony was founded in ____ .

A.1606 B.1770 C.1787 D.1788

4.The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ____ . A.1847 B.1885 C.1900 D.1901

5.The movement to gain recognition of Aboriginal rights was started in the

____ .

A.1950s B.1960s

C.1970s D.1980s

6.Australia completely abolished the White Australia Policy during the

government of ____ .

A. Earle Page B. Gough Whitlam

C. Joseph Lyons D. Stanley Bruce

7.The following were all aspects of the economic reforms which took place

between 1983 and 1996 EXCEPT ____ .

A. enlarging the scale of the mining industry B. deregulating the financial market C. reducing tariffs

D. privatizing the state-owned enterprises

8.The Howard government‘s foreign policies were based in relations with

four key countries, namely, ____ .

A. the U.S. ,Japan, Britain, China B. the U.S. ,Japan, China, Indonesia C. the U.S. ,Japan, Britain, China D. the U.S. , Britain, China, China

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.Why did the six colonies want the country unified at the end of the 19th century ?

2.What is the ―ANZAC Day‖ ?

3.What was the aim of the economic reforms which took place between 1983 and 1996 ?

Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.What were the effects of the two World Wars on Australia ?

2.What efforts did the Australian government make to deal with the racial issues in the 1960s and the 1970s ?

Chapter 17

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). ——1. Australia‘s government system mainly reflects the British model of liberal

democracy.

——2.The party or group of parties with a majority in the House of

Representatives forms the government in Australia.

——3.The Australian Constitution can be changed either by the government‘s

will or by referendum.

——4.The Australian Senate has more power than the House of Representatives

to make laws.

——5.In Australia the King or Queen of Britain serves as the symbolic head of

state.

——6.For Australia citizens over the age of 16, it is compulsory to vote at

election time.

——7.Multiculturalism in Australia advocates a multicultural society based on

European and Asian ethnic backgrounds.

——8.Since Australia has a vast cultivable area, it has become the world‘s

leading exporter of agricultural products.

Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.

1.Of the following, ____ is NOT among the three major Australian political parties.

A. the Australian Labor Party B. the Nationals

C. the Liberal Party D. the United Australia Party 2. Australia tries to attract immigrant from any country with ____ .

A. a good family background B. education or work skills C. high social status D. adequate work experience

3. Australia‘s high economic performance is due to its ____ and ongoing structural reform.

A. open-up policy B. effective economic management C. historical development D. proper investment

4. Australia is a leading supplier of ____ to international markets. A. hi-tech products B. agricultural products C. industrial products D. mineral resources 5. Australia‘s foreign capital mainly comes from ____ .

A. the United States and Japan B. Britain and Germany

C. Japan and Republic of Korea D. Britain and the United States

6.Among the following tourist attractions, ____ can be seen from the moon. A. the Gold Coast B. Uluru

C. the Great Barrier Reef D. the Sydney Opera House 7. ____ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia.

A. the federal government B. the individual states

C. the territory assemblies D. the municipal government

8.The Australian system of teaching and school discipline puts emphasis on

the following EXCEPT ____ .

A. learning by discovery and questioning B. self-discipline C. preparing for test

D. encouraging students‘ interest in learning

Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.

1.What is the three-tier system of the Australian government ?

2.What are the chief functions of the House of Representatives in Australia ? 3.What‘s the status of tourism in the economy of Australia ? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.

1.Why can Australia attract people from over 200 countries worldwide to make their home there ?

2.What are the main features of Australian higher education ?

Chapter 18

Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). ——1.New Zealand is mainly composed of two islands in the Pacific Ocean.

——2.The highest peak in New Zealand is Mount Cook, which lies in the center

of the Southern Alps.

——3.In 1907, New Zealand changed from a British colony to a separate

dominion like Australia and Canada.

——4.Helen Clark served three terms as the Prime Minister of New Zealand. ——5.Like many other countries, New Zealand has a formal written

constitution.

——6.There is only one chamber in New Zealand‘s Parliament – the House of

Representatives.

——7.Agriculture is important to New Zealand‘s economy, so most New

Zealanders live in suburban areas.

——8.The Maori language is one of the official languages in New Zealand. Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1. ____ is often referred to as ―our third island‖ of New Zealand.

A. Polynesia B. The North Island C. The South Island D. The Stewart Island 2.The climate in New Zealand is ____ .

A. subtropical B. arctic C. temperate D. tropical

3.The ____ were the first group of people who arrived on the island of New Zealand.

A. Maoris B. Europeans C. Australians D. Chinese

4. New Zealand was granted internal self-government in ____ . A. 1804 B. 1852 C. 1893 D. 1907

5.During World War Ⅱ, New Zealand strengthened its relationship with

____ .

A. Britain B. the United States C. Australia D. France

6. ____ is the head of the New Zealand government.

A. The British monarch B. The Governor General

C. The Prime Minister D. The President 7.The Cabinet is responsible to ____ in New Zealand.

A. Parliament B. the Prime Minister C. the British monarch D. the Governor General 8.Schooling in New Zealand is compulsory for all children ____ .

A. from ages 6 to 12 B. from ages 6 to 14 C. from ages 6 to 16 D. from ages 6 to 18