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医学英语词根词缀 Suffix Meaning -ac pertaining to 属于，关于 -al pertaining to -ar pertaining to -ary pertaining to belonging to -ase enzyme 酶 -cle smallness

小,少,贫乏,小气 -e an instrument 仪器 -eal pertaining to -ia condition; quality -ic pertaining to

-ics study of; name of a science -ine/in

substance 物质

-ism process or condition

-ist one who specializes in 精通于……的人

-itis inflammation refers to a part in ……部位的炎症

-(i)um relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 -ive characterizes by

-let tiny; small

-ment the result or product of an action -oid resembling; like 像

-ole

little; small

Example

cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的

medical: pertaining to medicine molecular: pertaining to a molecule 分子的

ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的

amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶

follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊

auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜

laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的, 喉音的

phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕 toxic: pertaining to toxin 有毒的；因中毒引起的

paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学

insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素

alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒

pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家

rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜 antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing 止咳药

droplet: a tiny drop 小滴

development: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的

centriole: the small dense structure in the middle

of the centrosome 细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to

various stimuli感受器，受体

-ory characterized by; pertaining to suspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some

fruit 果糖

-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden

nail 嵌甲

-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing

poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的

-somes bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体 -um structure; thing; substance magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance

结构，物质 镁（金属元素）

-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition

or metabolism 营养不良

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix Meaning Example -algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase enzyme protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carcinoma malignant tumor developing from adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing

connective tissue 相关组织的恶性from glandular tissue 腺癌 肿瘤

-cele esophagocele: abnormal distention of the protrusion; distention突出；膨胀，

延伸 esophagus 食管突出

-centesis paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the surgical puncture 手术穿孔

aspiration of fluid 穿刺术

-capnia carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化

碳缺乏

-cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs

杀菌剂

-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,

which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞

-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛 -ectasia/ expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at -ectasis birth 肺不张 -ectomy surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切

除术

-edema excessive accumulation of serous myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid

-emia

-emesis -gen -genesis -globin -gnosis

-gram -graph(y)

-iasis -iatry/ -iatrics -lith -logy -logist -lysis -malacia -mania -megaly

-metry/ -meter

fluid 水肿

gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿

blood condition

leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病

vomiting 呕吐 hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血 something that produced

or pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of prouduces

producing disease 病菌，病原体

production 生产 spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子发生

protein蛋白质 hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红素

knowledge

diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination

image; picture

electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease. Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心电图

process of recording electocardiography: the process of making or 记录过程

recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录

condition; state cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症

情况，状况

healing, frequently refers to a podiatry: treatment of foot disorders branch of medicine 康复，常指医足部医疗 学的一个分支 stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the

gallbladder 胆结石

the study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the

practice of urology 泌尿科医生

breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red

blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血

softening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化 extreme compulsion or kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion preoccupation强迫症 to steal 盗窃癖 giant acromegaly: a condition in which there is an

enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症

measurement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air

inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)