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力 学 实 验 报 告

标 准 答 案

长安大学力学实验教学中心

目 录

一、 拉伸实验································································2 二、 压缩实验································································4 三、 拉压弹性模量E测定实验···········································6 四、 低碳钢剪切弹性模量G测定实验··································8 五、 扭转破坏实验·························································10 六、 纯弯曲梁正应力实验················································12 七、 弯扭组合变形时的主应力测定实验······························15 八、 压杆稳定实验·························································18

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一、拉伸实验报告标准答案

实验目的： 见教材。 实验仪器 见教材。

实验结果及数据处理： 例:(一)低碳钢试件

试 验 前 最小平均直径d= 10.14 mm 截面面积A= 80.71 mm2 计算长度L= 100 mm 试验前草图 试 验 后 最小直径d= 5.70 mm 截面面积A1= 25.50 mm2 计算长度L1= 133.24 mm 试验后草图 强度指标:

Ps =__22.1___KN 屈服应力 σs= Ps/A __273.8___MPa P b =__33.2___KN 强度极限 σb= Pb /A __411.3___MPa 塑性指标:

L1-LA?A1伸长率???100%? 33.24 % 面积收缩率???100%? 68.40 %

LA低碳钢拉伸图:

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