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语法考点之一 ：虚拟语气 考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气

1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；

1. I ___the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996 A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying

2. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ___ quite such a crowd of people there.2000 A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t

省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。

3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now. 2008 A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get

4. ______you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions. 1994 A. If I realized B. Had I realized C. I realized that D. As I realized

5.___, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995

A. Hadn't he been taken good care of B. Had he not been taken good care of C. Had not he been taken good care of D. Had he been not taken good care of 6. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002 A. Had it not been B. Hadn’t it been C. Was it not D. Were it not

2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)， 主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；

1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.2009 A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been

2. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.2005 A. would be B. will have been C. was D. Were

3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。 1. _____ you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.2005 A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had

4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。

比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；

1. If only the patient ______ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.2007 A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving

考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。 1. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here.1997 A. should be B. ought to be C. must be D. would be 2. She asked that she ______ allowed to see her son in police custody. 1993 A.would be B.could be C.be D.was

考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。 1. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.2010 A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in

2. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.2007 A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues

3. It is imperative that the government __ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.2006 A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to

4.It is imperative that students ____ their term papers on time.2004 A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed in

考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如: 1. It’s high time we __ cutting down the rainforests.2006 A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop

考点5：much as\尽管，虽然\引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。

1. Much as ____, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.1999 A.I would have liked to B.I would like to have C.I should have to like D.I should have liked to

考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句， 与过去事实相反：had + done； 与现在事实相反：动词过去式；

与将来事实相反：could/would + do。

1. If only I __play the guitar as well as you! 2006 A would B could C should D might 2. He talks on and on as if he would never end.

考点7：would rather/sooner从句中 使用一般过去式或过去完成式 分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟。

1. The manager would rather his daughter ____ in the same office now.

A.had not worked B.not to work C.does not work D.did not work

考点8：On condition that... /lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。

1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ________ that he paid me back the following week.2005

A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if

注：On condition that...是“只有”“条件是”的意思，可以使用虚拟语气，也可以不用。

I’ll come on condition that John is invited.

They agree to lend him the car on condition he (should) return it in a week. 2. lest 以免

e.g. : tiptoed lest the guard should hear her; anxious lest he become ill.

考点9：but for

1. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.1994 A. Unless B. But for C. Except for D. Not for

考点10：让步状语从句

Whether he be rich or poor, I’ll marry him. 1. ____, I’ll marry him all the same.2004

A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor

2. Whether my brother right or wrong, he will have my unwavering support.2001 A. Is B. Were C. Be D. Would be

语法考点之二 ：情态动词 *情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不） 考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容： （1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法

考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测

(1) must have v-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。

1. Which of the following sentences expresses \A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired.

C. You must be here by eight o'clock.

D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.

2. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25. (1994)

A. couldn’t have caught B. ought to have caught C. shouldn’t have caught D. must not have caught (2) could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。