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3. 如果汉语长句中含有反问句(或反诘句) 或感叹号, 英译时通常要分译。 4. 如果汉语长句中含有从一般到具体或从具体到一般的过渡, 英译时应分译。 5. 如果汉语长句中含有几个平行的子句, 各讲一个方面的内容, 英译时最好分译。

8. 语态变换法(the change of the voices)

被动变主动 －－－主动变被动 英语比汉语用更多的被动语态；

英语中用被动语态的句子翻译成汉语时，我们可根据汉语的语言习惯吧被动语态转换成主动语态；汉语中用主动语态的句子也可根据具体情况转换成被动语态。

例：A national link-up of computers could mean that a large amount of information will be supplied to anyone who uses the system.

把全国的电脑连接起来意味着可以向任何使用该系统的人提供大量信息。 例：Much has been said about the complication of the nuclear power station reactor. 有关原子能电站反应堆的复杂性已经谈得很多了。

一、英语被动句译成汉语主动句，是最常见的方法 1.原文主语仍译作主语

The oil of the world will have been used up, and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom.

全世界的石油将会用尽，人们将使用从原子分裂获得的这种更为方便的动力。 2.原文主语译作宾语

If bad weather is expected, the forecaster must be able to suggest another airport within the range of the aircraft where the weather will be suitable for landing.

如果预计天气恶劣，天气预报人员必须能够在该飞机航程内提出另一个天气适合着陆的机场。

3.译成带表语的主动句

How can a series of motionless, or still, pictures be blended on a sreen to produce motion pictures?

一组不动的即静止的图片是怎样在银幕上连到一起合成电影的呢？

4. 注意英语常用被动句型的汉语习惯译法

It is hoped that… 希望…… It is reported that… 据报道…… It is said that… 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测……

Its must be admitted that… 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that…必须指出…… It is asserted that… 有人主张…… It is believed that… 有人相信…… It is well known that… 众所周知…… It will be said that… 人们会说…… It was told that…人们曾说…… I was told that… 我听说……

二、译成汉语被动句：除用“被”字外，还可以用“受到”“遭到”“为......所......”等字眼。 How long will it be before black and white television sets are found only in museum? 还要过多久黑白电视机才回被送进博物馆呢？

With the help of a microscope you can watch the integrated circuits being separated and tested.

利用一架显微镜，你可以看到集成电路正在被分离和被测试的情况。 三、译成含有“把”“使”或“由”等字眼的汉语句子。

The time will come when homes will be heated from a small reactor in the basement. 有朝一日家庭将由安装在地下室里的小反应堆供热。