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is observed as an important festival and public holiday around the world. Christmas customs differ in different countries. Popular modern customs of the holiday include an exchange of Christmas cards and gifts, Christmas singing, church attendance, the display of various Christmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal preparation. To small children, the festival is full of fantasy and surprise. Legend (传说) has it that Santa Claus will enter each house through the chimney and bring gifts to well-behaved children on Christmas Eve. Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival heighten economic activity among both Christians and non-Christians, the holiday has also become a significant event and a key sales period for businesses.

圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞接风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。

每 年 农 历（Chinese lunar calendar）八 月 十 五 是我 国 的 传 统 节 日 —— 中 秋 节（the Mid-Autumn Festival）。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自2008年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。 According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival — the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival. There are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing people's love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.

Unit 3

1. 选词填空

response反应，响应 transform使改观，使变形 focus焦点重点，集中于··· analyze分析，剖析 estimate估计，估算 competitive竞争性强的，有竞争力的 compensate补偿，弥补 adopt采用采纳收养 typical典型的有代表的 regulate调整校准调节

1. To make our companies competitive in the market, we have to be more creative and productive.

2. People are beginning to realize that to transform nature at will is the biggest mistake that man has ever made.

3. It is difficult to conclude what a(n) typical student does in his spare time because

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every student has different interests.

4. A month ago I wrote to the store complaining about its bad service, but I haven't gotten a(n) response yet.

5. Some of your suggestions have been adopted , but others have been turned down as they are not workable. 6. All of a sudden, he lost his interest in engineering, and focused his attention on learning a foreign language.

7. If a company decreases health benefits for its employees, they should increase salaries to compensate the workers.

8. I failed to pass the exam although I had worked very hard. I should analyzethe causes of my failure.

9. When you do yoga, try to regulate your breathing. Don't breathe too fast and make sure you breathe only through your nose.

10. It was difficult to estimate how many people had been wounded in the earthquake.

2.15选10

complex复杂的 access享用权，享用机会 preferred提出，提升 require要求 undergraduate大学生 大学的 accountable可解释的可说明的 acquire获得得到 tranmits传输传送 indispensable不可或缺的 creativity创造性，创造力 referred提及，针对 seeks 寻找，追求 post邮件，张贴，快速行进 connectivity连通性 transform改变改观

There have been increased demands for higher education to provide students with better courses and more opportunities. To deal with this (1) complex issue, colleges and universities are turning to the Internet for quick (2)access to its rich educational resources. Now the Internet has been accepted as the (3)preferred technology to many other methods in colleges and universities. Many teachers now routinely (4)post their teaching materials online. A growing number of schools offer at least some (5)courses over the Internet. There are two different models of making use of the Internet for higher education. The first model (6)undergraduate to improve existing courses by using the Internet. This model provides high-speed Internet (7)connectivity to all students, faculty, and staff. While this model uses the Internet, it doesn't (8)require many changes, and it keeps most existing institutional structures unchanged. A different, more revolutionary model regards the Internet as (9)indispensable to an important change in higher education, for it is believed that the Internet can (10)transform teacher-centered instruction into student-centered learning. This, as a result, will bring about basic change to our university education.

3.选词组

keep up with保持，同步，和朋友保持联系 set up建立设立创立 fire off开枪，匆忙发出 take the lead树立榜样，带头 add to增加，增添 stand out显眼，突出，出色 in large part多半，在很大程度上 visit with叙谈闲谈 account for占据，是···的原因，解释 at a disadvantage处于不利地位的

1. I fired off a letter of complaint to the manager of the store as soon as I found they had sold me a pair of mismatched shoes.

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2. People browse the Internet, read newspapers and watch TV to keep up with what is happening in the world.

3. The university has set up another large laboratory for students to design more complicated robots.

4. I find it very difficult toaccount for the fact that two of our best students failed the exam. 5. In the current economy, with unemployment high and competition for jobs fierce, your resume needs tostand out for all the right reasons.

6. She is getting popular since she appeared in a TV interview last month. Her new movie will no doubt add to her growing fame.

7. The developed countries shouldtake the lead in reducing greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and provide support for the developing nations to follow.

8. If your spoken English is not very good, then you may be at a disadvantage when you are looking for a job.

9. Their success was due in large part to their well-conceived (周密策划的) plan.

10. He has been so occupied with his work these days that he barely has time tovisit with his friends.

4.翻译

The London Underground is a rapid transit (交通运输系统) system in the United Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater London. The underground system is also known as the Tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway tunnels. It all started in the mid-1800s. The Tube was the world's first underground train system, with the first section opening in 1863. Since then it has grown to an underground masterpiece (杰作) of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail track, 45% of which is underground. It is the fourth largest metro system in the world in terms of route miles. It also has one of the largest numbers of stations. As an affordable and easy way to get around London, the Tube remains the first choice for millions of commuters each day, as well as tourists visiting the city on holidays. The Tube has been an international icon for London. The London Underground celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013, with various events marking the milestone (里程碑).

伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。地铁系统因其地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦地铁始建于19世纪中期，是世界上最早的地下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于1863年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发展成为一个包括12条线路、275个车站、铁轨总长超过250英里的地铁杰作，其中有45%在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的地铁系统之一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤者以及在节假日游历伦敦的游客的首选。伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。2013年伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营150周年，纪念这一里程碑。

中国航天业开创于1956年。几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。1970年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。1992年，中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（manned spaceflight program）。2003年，中国成功发射了\神舟五号\载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。2007年发射了\嫦娥一号\，即第一颗绕月球飞行（lunar-orbiting）的人造卫星。2013年，第五艘载人飞船\神舟十号\发射成功，为中

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国空间站的建设打下了基础。

China's space industry was launched in 1956. Over the past decades, China's space industry has created one miracle after another. In 1970 China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program. In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The successful launch made China the third country to launch manned spaceships. In 2007 Chang'e-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. In 2013 Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.

Unit 4

1. 选词填空

Subsequent后来的，随后的 distinct明显的，清楚的 Intense热烈的，强烈的 respond回答，响应 Advocate提倡，拥护 involve包含，使参与 Confine限制，局限于，禁制 fulfill履行，执行 Circumstance环境，境遇 reconcile使和好

1. Fortunately, the accident didn't involve many people, for there was little traffic at that hour.

2. She fulfilled her ambition of becoming a fashion designer after years of hard work. 3. They kept on trying their best to develop their business, but in suchintense market competition, they had no idea if success would come along one day. 4. As music plays an important role in our life, many music teachers and educatorsadvocate taking up a musical instrument at a young age.

5. This rule should be entirely clear in the minds of everyone and should not be misunderstood under anycircumstances.

6. My daughter was shy; she was afraid to ask questions, respond to questions in class, or talk with other children.

7. I got from him only a letter, which was put on my office desk;subsequent to the receipt of this letter I have never heard from him. 8. The duties to provide services for children in need are notconfine to the local social services department.

9. We pray that all nations be reconciled and that all people around the world live in peace. 10. He suggested a small but distinct improvement on our former plan; I really appreciate it.

2.15选10

involve包含，使参与 remarkable异常的，引人注目的 focusing调焦，集中 showered似雨般降落 intense热情的 applying应用，致力于 pushed推，推动 commitment承诺，许诺 tragedy悲剧，惨剧 advocate提倡，拥护 hailed下冰雹 tender纤弱的，温柔的 fulfillment完成，实现

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