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高考英语常见一词多义 / 熟词生义总结

? 中文意思中加粗的斜体字为该单词的生义，请特别注意。 ? 请翻译下列带有下划线的单词和词组。 ? 本材料不包含词组的多义。

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? above / beyond: 后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“ above / beyond comprehension ” ? absent adj．缺席的; 茫然的，恍惚的 He looked at me in an absent way． ? absence n. 缺席，缺乏 in the absence of something: 。

? absorb v. 吸收，理解；使全神贯注 She is absorbed in the pursuit of knowledge. ? about prep．＆adv．到处＝（美）around （熟义：关于） We spent the whole afternoon walking about town． ? abuse v.& n.（酗酒）滥用,虐待,谩骂 I was left shouting abuse as the car sped off. ? accept vt．＆vi．同意（接受别人的观点，看法） （熟义：接受） Tom accepted her explanation． ②认可，领受，认为 I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea． ? have access to something: 通道，通路；机会。“have access to town”表示“ ”， “have access to the teacher”则是“ ”。 ? account “帐户，解释，解说，叙述”。

These figures disagree with our account. His account contradicted itself ? acknowledge v. 承认, 答谢；报偿；告知已收到

He refused to acknowledge defeat. I acknowledge receipt of your letter of May 1. Jack acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. ? act n. 行动；法令，条例；（戏剧，歌剧的）一幕 v. （戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，

做事； 起作用 It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act． The prosecution was brought under the emergency act.

? acquire获得，学会，兼并，占有。比如，acquire bad habits”“ 坏习惯”，acquire a language( 一门语言)；acquire a firm( 一家公司)。 ? adapt v. 使适应，改编

She adapted the novel for movies. He adapted himself to the change quickly. ? adopt 采取；接受；收养；正式通过 She was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman adopted her.

They adopt new techniques in raising sheep.

? address vt．①称呼②向……发表演说；（熟义：地址，写地址） The president should be addressed as“Mr President’’ He is going to address the meeting in a minute．

? admit vt．①允许进入 ②容纳 （熟义：承认） The servant opened the door and admitted me（into the house） ? afford: 担负得起(损失、后果等)；足以；经得起；能受得住，够得上(做某事):

What went on here was an abuse of power. Janet had been abused by her father since she was eleven

He can’t afford to lose his job.

? against prep．衬着，迎着，靠着，防备，预防；跟…反方向 ；(在比赛中) 与 (某人) 对阵（熟义：反对，

违背）The picture looks good against the white wall． / to drive against the traffic /We have saved some money against our old age This is the first of two games against Denver in the next five days. / Joan was very much against commencing drug treatment. ? age vi. 成熟；变老 vt. 使成熟；使变老，使上年纪 She's aging rapidly.

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? agent: 代理人，代理机构，特工。在生物化学领域，这个词翻译成“介质，载体”，而在计算机英语中则是“服

务器”.

? agree with: 与…相符合 (气候、食物等)相宜，适宜，适合 Your story agrees with the facts. Long plane trips don't agree with me． ? air n. 气氛，氛围，神态，风度；空军，航空；飞机 v. (用电视或无线电)播送：晾干；使通风

The television interview will be aired to all parts of the country. There was a comfortable air about her room．

? allow 允许进入，让…进入； 承认(权利、要求等)；认可：allow somebody to do something: 中文可以翻译

成“让，使得某个人可以去做某件事”。 Dogs and cats are not allowed. The invention of air-conditioners allows most of us to work in hot weather. ? alone: 阅读中有时和“only”是同一个意思，即“仅仅”，但是要用在单词或者句子后面。 You can't live on bread alone. ? amount n. 金额，数量/ v 总计；等同于 The bill amounts to$102. His failure to reply amounts to a refusal.

? answer 回答,答复;回信; 应(门)；与…相符；满足要求，代用，(for): 负有责任，对(某事)负责(to， for)： to answer the door This dog answers your description. I will answer for her safety. This isn't a good one but it will answer.

? appeal呼吁，恳求；appeal to somebody: “吸引某个人的注意力”。 appeal to court: 法律用语，“上诉”。 ? appoint v. 任命，委任，安排，确定（时间地点）

We appointed the school-house as place for the meeting. Who shall we appoint as chairperson? ? apply: 申请；日常生活中是“涂抹，敷药”的含义。 apply to something: “适用于”。

to apply paint to a wall These remarks apply to every town in this country. ? approach: 名词表示“方法，手段”，动词则是“处理，处置, 靠近”。 A storm is approaching. Most vendors have come around to recognizing that this is the most reasonable approach

? argue: 在写作中可以表示“认为”，如果与介词同时使用，如“ argue for ”表示“支持”，“ argue against ”表示“反

对”。 argument: “观点，主张”。

? arrest one's attention: “引起某个人的注意”。

? article: 日常生活购物场景下表示“一件商品”；法律之条款。The cost of this article includes packaging.

We express our strong opposition to the willful interpretation of this article by a local Japanese court ? associate: “联想”。 We associate dark clouds with depression and gloom. ? attached: 附加的，附属的，依赖，眷恋；喜欢；We've grown very attached to this village ? arm n．武器v．武装 （熟义：n．手臂） Lay down your arms or we'll fire！ ? attend vt．＆vi．看护，治疗 （熟义：出席，上学） If you go out，who'll attend to the baby？ ? available a. 可获得的，有空的Mr. Leach is on holiday and was not available for comment. ? average adj. 平均的, 一般的, 通常的 He is an average man.

? awkward a. 尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的；不方便的I was the first to ask him awkward questions but there'll be harder ones to come. It was small but heavy enough to make it awkward to carry. Amy made an awkward gesture with her hands. B

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? appreciate v. 欣赏； 感激 In order to appreciate the novel, one must be able to enter the spirit of the work

? back vt．支持 （熟义：n．背） Many of his friends backed his plan． ? badly adv．迫切;严重 （熟义：坏）=desperately The boy badly wants a bike． ? balance:在经济英语中指的是“账面余额” （熟义：平衡）

I'd like to check the balance in my account please. ? ball n. 球；舞会。

? bank n. （河海湖的）岸，堤 n. 银行

? bar n. 条（长方）块，棒，横木 n. （酒店的）买酒柜台；酒吧；（卖东西的）柜台

Fisher was behind bars last night, charged with attempted murder. 进了监狱。 ? bat n. （棒球、板球的）球棒 n. 蝙蝠

? bargain: v. 讨价还价；议价；名词形式在口语中很常用，表示“物超所值的商品”。 At this price the wine is a bargain.

? bear v. 承受，承担；忍受；容忍; 携带; 生 (孩子) n. 熊

...the constitutional right to bear arms. The ice was not thick enough to bear the weight of marching men. They will have to bear the misery of living in constant fear of war. Patients should not have to bear the costs of their own treatment. ? beat (beat, beaten) v. 敲打；跳动；打赢 n （音乐）节拍

In yesterday's game, Switzerland beat the United States two to one. ? beauty n. 美丽，美人

? before conj．才；就 （熟义：以前） It was a long time before I got to sleep again． / I hadn't waited long before he came． / I’d die before I give up. / Do it before you forget. ? benefit v. 有益于；对。。。有好处； n. 好处；优势；救济金 Both sides have benefited from the talks. Steve didn't have the benefit of a formal college education. ...the skyrocketing cost of health care and medical benefits. ? bill n.账单；法案，议案； （美）钞票，纸币 ? blank n.& a 空格，空白（处）；空的；茫然无表情的 ? The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look． My mind's a complete blank! ? block n. 大块；（木、石等）块；街区；路障 vt. 阻塞；阻挡 She walked four blocks down High Street.

Some students today blocked a main road that cuts through the centre of the city. ? blue n. 蓝色 a.蓝色的 a. 悲伤的；沮丧的 ? board: 名词最常用的含义是“委员会,董事会”，动词后面接交通工具则是“上火车，上船，上飞机”。 ? book n. 书；本子 v. 预定，定（房间、车票等）

Sales are booming. ? bound adj. 有义务的；受约束的；装有封面的;一定的 v 束缚；跳跃 There are bound to be price increases next year. He bounded up the steps and pushed the bell of the door. ? box n. 箱，盒子；包厢；一拳 vi. 拳击 On Friday, boys gathered after school in the backyard of Bryan Campbell (at far left) to wrestle and box. ? branch: “分支机构”，看上下文可以翻译成为“分校，分公司，银行分行”等等。

? break v. 打破；折断；弄坏；（使）破；打破（纪录）；突破；破晓；n. 破裂；间断；间歇 They continued the search as dawn broke.

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? boom n. / v. 繁荣，轰鸣，激增 An economic boom followed, especially in housing and construction.