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Unit 4 Earthquakes

Ⅰ.常考单词必背

1．burst vi.(burst，burst) 爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发 She burst into tears on hearing the sad news. 一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来. Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause. 他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声. [快速闪记]

(1)burst in打断；闯入；突然出现 burst into...突然开始；闯入……

burst into laughter/tears ＝ burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来 (2)a burst of一阵…… 2．injure vt.损害；伤害

Most of the injured were women and children. 大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童. [快速闪记]

(1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured伤员

(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害

3．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊 I was shocked to hear that he had resigned. 听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊. The news of my promotion came as a shock. 我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊. [快速闪记]

(1)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊

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(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事 (抽象名词具体化用法) (3)shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的 4．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救

All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help. 周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她. I rescued my belongings from the flood. 我把财物抢救出来，免遭洪水淹没. [快速闪记]

(1)rescue sb/sth from...把……从……营救出来 (2)come/go to one's rescue来/去营救某人 come/go to the rescue来/去援救

5．trap vt.使陷入困境 n．陷阱；困境 He was trapped in a burning house. 他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里.

It is full of traps on the Internet.网络上充满了陷阱. [快速闪记]

be trapped in困在……中，陷在……中 trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事 walk/fall into a trap落入陷阱或圈套 6．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏

Since his wife left，he has buried himself in his work.自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作. [快速闪记]

bury one's face/head in one's hands用手捂住脸/头 bury oneself in/be buried in...埋头于/专心于……

7．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 v．保护；掩蔽；躲避；遮避(常与介词from搭配)

These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.这些植物必须被遮起来，使其免

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受阳光直射. [快速闪记]

(1)give sb shelter庇护某人 take shelter from...躲避…… under the shelter of...在……的庇护下 (2)shelter...from...保护……免受…… 8．damage n．& vt.损失；损害

Eating too much meat one time will cause damage to your stomach.一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害. [快速闪记]

do/cause damage to对……造成损害 be badly damaged遭受严重损害 9．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬 frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的

The mother was so frightened when she found her daughter lost.当母亲发现女儿不见了，吓坏了. [快速闪记]

(1)frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth 吓得某人做某事/吓得某人不敢做某事 frighten sb/sth away/off把……吓走(吓跑) (2)be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事 10．congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词

We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺. [快速闪记]

offer/send one's congratulations to sb 向某人致以祝贺 congratulate v. 祝贺

11．judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决

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