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研究生（英语）课后部分翻译答案

1. “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。

“Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’ faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’ is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” （第一章 P29 第一段）

2. 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。

Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. （第一章 P29 第二段）

3.很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。（第四章 P119 第一段）

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Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends,how well they do in school,how they react to new and possibly stressful situations,and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.It is for these reasons that people's early intimate relationships within their famlily of origin are so critical.Children who are raised in impersonal environment(orphanages,some foster homes,or unloving families)show emotional and social underdevelopment,language and motor skills retardation,and mental health problems.

4.一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。（第四章 P119 第二段）

What attracts individuals to each other in the first place?Many people believe that “these's one person out these that one is meant for”and that desitny will bring them together.Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic.Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values,not fate bring people together.We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out”by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factor such as age,race,distance,social class,religion,sexuel orientation,health,or physical appearance.

5.做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。

Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the

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breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person’s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. （第五章 P151）

6.人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝啬鬼也不可能变成慈善家。一个人也不会在五六十岁的时候变成谎话精、懦夫或叛徒，如果那时候他是，那么早在他性格形成的时候他就已经是了。大罪犯最初都是小罪犯，正如大橡树最初都是小橡果。（第七章 P215 第一段）

The constancy of human nature is proverbial,as no one believes that a man can fundamentally change his nature.This is why it is so difficult for one who has acquired an unsavory reputation to re-establish himself in public confidence.People know from experience that an individual who in one year displays knavish characteristics seldom in the next becomes any different.Nor dose a thief become a trustworthy employee,or a miser or philanthropist.Nor does a man change become a liar,coward,traiter at fifty or sixty;if he is one then,he has been one ever since his character was formed.Big criminals are first little criminal,just as gaint oaks are first little acorns.

7.我回想起他那时高涨的情绪、他的活力、他对未来的信心，还有他的冷漠。这两个人不可能是同一个人，然而我确信就是他。我起身付了帐，走进广场去找他。我的思绪一片混乱。我感到恐慌。我绝不会想到他已经沦落到这般可怕的悲惨境地。我问自己发生了什么事，是什么样的希望迟迟不能实现令他伤心，是什么样的失意将他击垮，是什么样的幻想破灭将他逼向屈辱？我问自己是否已经无计可施。我绕着广场走着。（第七章 P215 第二段）

I recalled his high spirits,his vitality,his confidence in the future,and his disinterestedness.It was

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