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中山纪念中学2019-2020学年高三校内第一次质量检测考试题

英 语

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；毎小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It's our pleasure to confirm this year's Category Winners.

First Novel Award Winner

Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine Author: Gail Honeyman

Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit(机智). It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman's debut is a funny and moving diamond.

Biography Award Winner Book: In the Days of Rain Author: Rebecca Stott

The Exclusive Brethren were a closed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir(回忆录). He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect.

Poetry Award Winner Book: Inside the Wave Author: Helen Dunmore

To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world — and the acutely intense being of both.

Children's Award Winner Book: The Explorer

Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn

Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it's only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children's fiction.

1.What kind of life does Eleanor lead?

A. Boring and lonely. B. Funny and touching.

C. Exciting and complex. D.Ordinary and happy.

2.Why did Rebecca Stott write In the Days of Rain?

A.To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren. B.To help her father fulfill his last wish. C.To share the life of fundamentalist Christians. D.To pass on her family traditions. 3.For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing?

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A.Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine. C.Inside the Wave.

B.In the Days of Rain. D.The Explorer

B

My 11-year-old daughter has been awarded an academic scholarship to a private school. It’s only a small discount, but the scholarship means she'll skip the waiting list — provided my husband and I can cover $20,000 a year. Should we pay the private school fees, or choose free education instead?

I always assumed my children would go to a private school, like I did. Not because my family is wealthy, but because I believe that the best education is private. It took years for me to make peace with the fact that my two children attended our local public primary school. They'll go to a private high school, I told myself. Yet here we are. My eldest is now in her last year of primary school, and my husband and I will struggle to afford private school. If so, I could increase my work hours. My law degree was supposed to be my ticket to a good job and a solid income, but that's not quite how it turned out.

During many sleepless nights, I felt troubled by the decision. Although I want the best for my daughter, I have my own dreams too. I can't sacrifice everything for my precious girl. I explain that I want to be a positive role model for my daughter, and an unhappy parent is a terrible strain on a family. I point out that not even the privilege of private school will protect my children from disappointment or struggle. And finally, it's decided. My daughter is going to the public school behind our home. She couldn't be more pleased.

It's taken me a little longer, but now I'm content. More than my fancy private school education, it's my family that shaped me. With high school now 25 years in the past, I can no longer remember the mathematical problems and Shakespearean quotes I once knew so perfectly. The lessons from my childhood home, however, have proved impossible to forget.

4. From the passage we know that __________________.

A. the scholarship her daughter won could cover most of her school fees B. her two children attended their local private primary school. C. the writer had a good job and a solid income.

D. It took a long time for her to make the final decision.

5 Why did the writer want her daughter to go to a private school at first?

A. Because her daughter earned an academic scholarship.

B. Because she wanted her daughter to receive the best education. C. Because she wanted her daughter to skip the waiting list.

D. Because her daughter’s potential was wasted at the public primary school. 6. The underlined word “strain” in paragraph 3 refers to _______.

A. anger B. comfort C. burden D. relief 7. What does the passage indicate?

A. Parents should make every sacrifice for their children.

B. Finance should be taken into account when it comes to education. C. Private school education is not as good as public school education. D. Rather than school education, family influences a person most.

C

Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals(晶体) that could be 50,000 years old.

The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life

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forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.

She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.

The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe's Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs(病菌) or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.

NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last week's announcement. So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. \I would say life on earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful.\

Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life on earth can be.

8. The existence of the ancient microbes relies on ________.

A. surrounding insects B. diverse plants C. eating minerals D. absorbing air 9. What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage? A. The walls are covered by crystals.

B. The temperature in the caves is quite low.

C. The caves have been explored since they were formed. D. The environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.

10. What is the biologist Norine Noonan’s attitude towards the findings?

A. Critical B. Positive C. Doubtful D. Indifferent 11. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Living organisms bring hope to scientific research.

B. Scientists discover 50,000-year-old super life in Mexico. C. Microbes show great power to survive in terrible conditions. D. Caves provide living environment for living organisms.

D

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human. Common sense is not all that common.

Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

These three popular misquotes are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature. To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don't want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do. The original quote about human nature went like this, \神圣的).\ This saying mirrors an ideal: People

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