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基于单片机的电子音乐门铃的设计

摘 要

随着时代的前进和发展，控制智能化、仪器小型化、功耗微小化得到广泛关注。在这些领域中，单片机起到了举足轻重的作用，这就把单片机的应用提升到重要的地位，单片机应用系统设计就成为新的技术热点。

近几年来，随着市场上智能化楼宇的不断升温，门铃系统已作为智能化办公室和智能化住宅小区的一个重要组成部分，被各商家和用户所接受。人们已开始习惯用门铃系统代替传统的铁钥匙去管理各通道门，这使门铃系统得到了飞跃性的发展。随着单片机技术的飞速发展，通过单片机实现人们对物质生活的满足，这将会日益成为今后的一个重要发展的方向。

本设计是介绍了由AT89C51单片机来构成电子音乐门铃系统的工作过程，本系统主要完成该电子门铃不仅具有普通电子门铃的功能，而且还具有一些扩展功能。它的工作状态能够由用户自行设定等常规功能，并给来访者提供必要的语音和文字回应信息，此外。这给人们生活提供了很大的便利。

关键词：单片机；电子门铃；液晶显示；语音录放

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The design of electronic music doorbell based on Single Chip

Microprocessor Abstract

With the progress of the times and development of intelligent control,small machines, micro-power consumption get a wide concern. In these areas,Single chip microprocessor played a pivotal role,which the MCU applications important to enhance the status of Single Chip Microprocessor applications designed to become the new recent years,with intelligent buildings on the market as intelligent office and intelligent residential quarters of an important component of the traders and users to accept. People to use doorbell system used to replace the traditional iron keys to manage the access door, rang the doorbell so that this system leap of development. With the rapid development of Single Chip Microprocessor technology,people will increasingly become an important future development direction, through the material life of the meet.

It is introduced by the AT89C51 chip to a system of electronic music doorbell process. This system is mainly to complete the electronic doorbell rang the doorbell not only a common electronic features, but also users, such as conventional capabilities, and visitors to provide the necessary response to the voice and text information, in addition, users can also visit a wide range of information enquiries.

Key words: Single Chip Microprocessor;Electronic doorbell;LCD display;Voice record-play

目 录

引 言 .......................................................................................................................................... 1 第1章 绪论 .................................................................................................................................... 2

1.1 概述 ........................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2课题的总体设计及思路 ............................................................................................................ 2 第2章 硬件电路设计 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 硬件最小系统设计 ................................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1 核心芯片AT89C51简介 .................................................................................................. 4 2.1.2 复位电路的设计 ................................................................................................................ 5 2.1.3 时钟电路的设计 ................................................................................................................ 6 2.1.4 存储器的分配 .................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 时钟电路的设计 ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 DS1302芯片简介 ............................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 DS1302结构框图与引脚介绍 ........................................................................................... 8 2.2.3 DS1302与单片机的硬件电路的设计 ............................................................................. 10 2.3 显示提示电路的设计 ............................................................................................................. 11 2.3.1 液晶显示原理 .................................................................................................................. 11 2.3.2 SMC1602芯片简介 ......................................................................................................... 12 2.3.3显示电路的设计 ............................................................................................................... 14 2.4 语音提示电路的设计 ............................................................................................................. 14 2.4.1 ISD芯片简介.................................................................................................................... 14 2.4.2 ISD1420芯片特点及引脚介绍 ....................................................................................... 15 2.4.3 存储芯片AT24C02简介 ................................................................................................ 18 2.4.4 ISD1420与单片机连接电路的设计 ............................................................................... 19 2.5 按键电路的设计 ..................................................................................................................... 20 第3章 软件部分设计 .................................................................................................................. 21 3.1 主程序设计 ............................................................................................................................. 21 3.2 相应子程序设计 ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1 按键扫描子程序设计 ...................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 门铃键子程序设计 .......................................................................................................... 23 3.3.3 录音（RECORD）和播放（PLAY）程序设计 .......................................................... 25 第4章 调 试 .......................................................................................................................... 27

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