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无线传感器网络路由协议的研究

摘要

与应用高度相关的无线传感器网络具有与传统网络不同的特点，因此传统路由协议不能有效地用于无线传感器网络。本文分析了无线传感器网络的特点，着重研究了当前一些较为重要的路由协议的核心路由机制，并比较了这些路由协议的类别、特点和主要应用范围，主要围绕其网络层协议中的能量感知路由协议进行深入分析，重点研究能量路由原理、能量多路径路由原理、基于树的能量有效路由协议以及新型集中式能量有效路由协议等，并通过对几种路由协议的分析和研究得出了一些有用的结论。最后对无线传感器网络未来的研究策略与发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词：无线传感器网络 ,能量感知路由协议 ,路由机制 ,能量多路径路由

Research on Routing Protocols in

Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks，being different from traditional networks and applications，cannot adopt traditional protocols efficiently in its application of network routing．This paper describes the routing protocol characteristics of wireless sensor networks and presents the classification of complicated routing protocols standards. After key mechanisms of the existing representative routing protocols are analyzed, the comparison of the classifications，characteristics and application of different protocol are implemented．In this paper, the energy sensor routing protocol of network layer protocol are mostly analyzed and studied, which includes energy routing theory, energy multiplex paths routing theory, tree-energy routing and a centrality-energy routing .By comparing several kinds of routing protocol, some essential conclusion are drown. Finally，the important features of routing protocols possess are summarized and the future research strategies and trends are prospected.

Keywords： wireless sensor network , energy sensor routing protocol , energy multiplex paths routing theory