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八年级暑假班讲义 Unit 3 Trouble!

一、词汇Words

1. trouble n. 麻烦 困难 困境

v. 麻烦 烦扰 请求 使烦恼 ask sb. to do sth.

( What’s the trouble with sb. ? / What’s wrong with sb. ? / What’s the matter with sb.? )

2. happen v. 出现发生 happen to sb./sth. 成为某人/某事的体验或命运；降临到某人/某事的头上

happen to be /do 恰巧 碰巧 happen / take place (不可用于被动语态)

happen 强调偶然性 take place 强调必然性或计划性

3. argue v.争吵 n. argument development, excitement

4. hold v. 拿; 握; 容纳; 举行; 开会

5. crowd 人群 a big crowd of people 一大群人 adj. crowded 拥挤的

中考词组be crowded with,联想同义词组be filled with, be full of

6. stare at … 盯着…….看；凝视……

glare at … 怒视…… stare out of window 凝视着窗外 look at … 看…… look out of window 朝窗外看

7. through 穿过 通过 从开始到结束 自始自终 因为 接通电话

They drove through the tunnel . Can you put me through to Tom ,please ? They walked through the whole night ! The boy got the job through his father .

through / across / over / by through: 一边进入一边穿出 across 从一边倒另一边

over 从一边倒另一边 必须横跨跨越 by 从边上经过

across through

八年级暑假班讲义

8. steal – stole – stolen (v.) 偷 steal sth. from sb. / sp. 从某人/某地偷……

? stealing (n.) 偷窃（行为） (adj.) 有偷窃行为的 (近义) theft (n.) 偷窃/盗窃(案件/事件)

stolen (adj.) 被偷窃的；偷走的 stealer (n.) 偷窃者 （近义）thief

比较： rob – robbed – robbed – robbing rob sb. / sp. of sth. 抢某人/某地……

? robber (n.) 强盗；盗贼 robbery (n.) 抢劫(案件/事件) notice 注意 察觉 警告 通知

9. notice sb. do sth . 注意某人干好某事 I notice him walk into the room . I notice that he came into the room

notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在干某事 I notice him eating impolitely. I notice that him was eating impolitely.

10. follow (v.)

① = go after … ; come after … 跟随……；更从……；列在……之后 follow sb. to sp. (地点名词) 跟随某人到某地

follow sb. here / there / home 跟随某人到这里/那里/家 ② = go along …; go down… 沿着……走；顺着……走

? following (adj.) 以下的；下列的follower (n.) 追随者；信徒

11. hurry – hurried – hurried (v.&n.) 匆忙，赶紧，赶快，催促 hurry to do sth. 匆忙/赶紧去做某事 hurry to sp. 匆忙/赶紧去某地

hurry here / there / home / aboard 匆忙/赶快来这里/去那里/回家/上船（飞机/火车/公共汽车等）

in a hurry 匆忙地 = hurriedly in such a hurry 如此匆忙地

12. aboard (adv.副 词& prep.介词) : 登(机)；上(船 / 火车 / 公共汽车等) 比较：abroad (adv.) 在国外

13. afraid adj. 害怕的 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 不敢做某事 a frightened person 一个担惊受怕的人

be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事（会引起某种后果） be afraid of sth. 害怕某事/某物 be afraid +that 从句

14. as … (这里做“conj.连词”使用) 当……的时候 = when as 做“prep.介词”使用时，表示“作为……”

as + adj. / adv. 原级 + as … 和……一样……

八年级暑假班讲义

二、重要句型Important Sentences structures

1. 1. Which city do you want to go to? (p39)

〈知识链接〉该句的疑问词which作go to的宾语，不能使用where。例如该句可以回答为 I want to go to Paris/Washington/London.... 试比较：

①Where does he live? ②Which flat does he live in?

2. The trip from Kitty’s school to the world took about two hours by coach. 〈知识链接〉Sth takes sb some time by?.乘坐某交通工具需要?时间。 The journey from Taipei to Beijing takes three hours by plane. 3. The model pyramids looked just like the real ones in Egypt. (p 41)

〈知识链接〉look like看起来像?，look just like?看起来就像，ones代指前面的复数pyramids，若是单数则用one。look the same看起来一样，后面不接宾语。

4. It was interesting to see models of so many places of interest from all over the world. (p42)

〈知识链接〉It be＋adj.＋(for sb)＋to do sth. It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语，因为动词不定式短语往往太长，为了避免头重脚轻，因此使用这种句型。 It is necessary for them to work hard from now on.

5. It is 467,000 square metres in area.它的面积是467,000平方米。 (p52) 〈知识链接〉Sth is ? in area. 某物的面积是。square kilometre平方千米 China is 9,600,000 square kilometers.中国的面积是9,600,000平方千米。 6. The cost is about ￥50 per person. 每个人的费用大约是50元。 (p54) 〈知识链接〉⑴cost动词，表示“某物的价值为?”用Sth cost some money. Tickets cost ten dollars each.每张票价为10美元。

⑵cost＝the money that you spend on something名词，“费用”。e.g. the cost of the trip旅行的费用，the cost of living生活费用，cost price成本价，at all costs不惜任何代价，at any cost在任何情况下；无论如何。

I .Choose the best answer. （每题1分，共5分）

八年级暑假班讲义

1 The woman ______ a bowl and asked for money from every person passing by. A held on B held out C held with D held down 2 The bell rang and all the people started to walk _______ the ferry. A to aboard B aboard C aboard to D up 3 Last night I _______up late to finish my homework. A woke B got C stood D stayed 4 I think today Mrs Li is really angry _______ Eddie. A on B with C to D for

5 Six policemen _______ around the three thieves and asked them questions. A fire engine B police car C taxi D ambulance Ⅱ. Rewrite the sentences as required. （每题2分，共10分） 1 My father flew to Shenzhen yesterday. (改为否定句) My father _______ ________ to Shenzhen yesterday. 2 I spoke English to the Candian visitors. (改为一般疑问句) _______ you _________ English to the Canadian visitors? 3 They asked me for 100 yuan. (划线部分提问) ________ _________ __________ they ask you for? 4 He rode to school last week. (保持句意不变) He _________ to school ______ ________ last week.

5 We went to Lucky Island on Saturday afternoon. (划线部分提问) _________ __________ you ________to Lucky Island.

1. You should be careful ____these bottles. Don't break them. A.at B.for C.on D.with

2. They were so frightened that they ran_______the woods as fast as possible. A.through B.cross C.though D.across

3. I have learned from the book that pig iron(生铁）may_____4% of carbon. A.are B.chart C.contain D.has

4. I know Mr.Smith will return to Shanghai next week. A.when B.that C.what D.if

5. You've just had lunch. You ____be hungry now. A.can't B.mustn't C.may not D.must

6. This maths problem must be very difficult____the top students in our class can't work it out.

八年级暑假班讲义

A.ever B.even C.event D.never

7. She doesn't understand this passage ______there are few new words in it. A.because B.if C.since D.though

8.---May I leave work early today as I have to go to the dentist's? -----Yes,you_____.

A.can B.must C.may D.need

9. Her success encouraged me _______the same things. A.try B.to try C.trying D.tried 10. I can't tell whose book _____.

A.this is B.this does C.is this D.is it

11. In a chemistry class, we ____this chemical_____another one. A.changed;for B.turned;up C.changed;into D.turned;for

12. Don't dig here. These thin wires____thick wires that are buried under the street. A.are connected to B.are connected at C.connected to D.connected with 13. Please ____the lights when you leave the room A.switch on B.switch off C.put on D.put off

14. I believe that what he says is partly true. The underlined part means_____. A.on the way B.in a way C.in this way D.by the way 15.---Would you help me carry my suitcase? ----No,______.

A.you wouldn't B. I'm afraid not C. I'd like to D.that's all right.

二、选词填空

A.called B.playing C.age D.turn on E.talked F.become G.stands out

It is certain for us human beings to be proud of our brilliant civilization(灿烂的文明）, which offers us the comfortable life. Our civilization wouldn't develop so quickly without the endless stream of great scientific achievements(科技成就）. It is electricity that plays an important role and _______among these achievements. And we should be grateful to the scientists who had found the way to produce electricity.

In 1831, Faraday, an excellent scientist from England, summed up(总结）a law which is_____Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This law tells us how to induct electric current(电流）with magnets(磁铁)， Faraday's law made the book of our history turned to a new page, the_____of electricity.

The scientists worked in this field for a long time and then brought us today's life: e-life. It is now easy to find a telephone or a light. Computers also____more and more important and popular. We use electricity in various ways:doing housework, entertaining, having important meetings n the Internet and so on. Imagine this: when watching TV, you find the telephone ringing. So you _____the light and answer it. I is your cousin who asks about how to use the new software you give him. So you send him an e-mail. All these seem to be too simple and common. But in any of these, electricity is always ____ an important role.

三、词性转换

1. It's everybody's duty to save______.(electric)

八年级暑假班讲义

2. _______ they are to say such words?（fool)

3. Fire and water may be good ______but bad masters.(serve) 4. The only_______ for his behavior is that he's mad.(explain) 5. I was _____not to say anything about the money.(care)

6. His boss told him to be present at the_____meeting.(month) 7. We should respect every_____ and serve them well.(custom)

8. There are too many_____ in vegetables which are bad for people's health.(chemistry)

四、句型转换

1. My grandma looks healthy and young.(对划线部分提问） _________ does your grandma look ________?

2. \改为宾语从句） He wonders________my sister _____her birthday every year.

3. \改为宾语从句） The teacher told the little boy______the Earth _______around the sun. 4. She told me that she had been to Shanghai.(改为一般疑问句） ________ she ______you that she had been to Shanghai? 5. Must I finish homework now?（作否定回答） __________,you __________.