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人物与历史文献
US
Tea Act 茶税法
The Treaty of Paris 巴黎公约 1783年美英两国于巴黎签订的条约同样成为《巴黎条约》，该条约的签订代表着英国承认美国独立，停止敌对行为，但仅承认美国占领密西西比河以东的土地。
第二次大陆会议 (The Second Continental Congress) 费城(Philadelphia)召开 George Washington 乔治·华盛顿: commander in Continental Army
?美利坚合众国宪法?（The Constitution of the United States），通称?美国联邦宪法?或?美国宪法?（U.S. Constitution） 1787年宪法 Thomas Jefferson托马斯·杰斐逊:
The Declaration of Independence ?独立宣言? Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕·林肯:
the Emancipation Proclamation ?解放黑人奴隶宣言? Homestead Act ?宅地法?
Gettysburg Address ?葛底斯堡演说? Franklin D. Roosevelt富兰克林· 德拉诺·罗斯福: The New Deal罗斯福新政 1933年富兰克林·罗斯福就任美国总统后所实行的一系列经济政策，其核心是三个R：救济（Relief）、复兴（Recovery）和改革（Reform），因此有时也被称为三R新政。
Agricultural Adjustment Act ?农业调整法? National Industrial Recovery Act ?全国工业复兴法? ?社会保障法?
马丁．路德．金恩 (Martin Luther King) Civil Rights Movement 民权运动 我有一个梦想 (I Have a Dream) Harry Truman哈瑞．杜鲁门: 杜鲁门主义 The Truman Doctrine
马歇尔计划（The Marshall Plan）， 也称为欧洲复兴计划European Recovery Program
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Reagan里根: Star Wars Program 星球大战计划 Irangate Scandal 伊朗门事件
Nixon尼克松: Watergate Scandals 水门事件 Bill Clinton 克林顿: Zippergate Scandal UK
?大宪章?：Magna Carta / The Great Charter 1215年King John 国王约翰 to impose legal limits on the King's personal power in raising money from his subjects ?权力请愿书?: The Petition of Right 1628年 Charles 查理一世 第29页 ?权利法案? :Bill of Rights 第32页 The treaty of Paris 1763年 第32页
概念搭配
UK
1、Constitution
A constitution is a set of rules and conventions that lays down the powers and functions of state institutions and their relationship with each other. 2、The cabinet
The major decision-making body in the government, is often associated with the office of the Prime Minister. 3、Tribunal (法院，仲裁机构)
A more informal and less expensive alternative to civil and criminal courts, which handles minor cases outside of the official court system. 4、The Lord Chancellor（英国上议院的）大法官
The Lord Chancellor is head of the judiciary (司法部，法院)in England and Wales. 5、The social security system
It is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need from the cradle to the grave. US
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1、Congress (国会)
The legislative branch of the federal government ,is made up of the Senate and the House of Representative. 2、The Supreme Court
Consists of a chief justice and eight associate justices.
问答题
英国部分 Unit 3 P41
1. Who were the main foreign invaders of Britain at different times in British history? What contributions have they respectively made to the British culture, or what impacts have they had? 英国历史上不同时期主要的外国侵略者？及对英国的文化贡献或影响？P13
(1)Julius Caesar 凯撒大帝(55BC) Hadrian’s Wall Words of Latin origins, Roman numbers, the solar calendar, Roman laws, and the census人口普查 ['sens?s] took root locally. Christianity spread
(2)Germanic tribesmen 日耳曼人 developed the Heptarchy, ['heptɑ?k?] 七王国；七头统治；七国连盟 established Old English
(3)Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁-撒克逊 Christianity gained hold in Britain
(4) Normans 诺曼人 made Norman feudalism封建主义；封建制度 ['fju?d?l?z(?)m]
2. What was the social background for the Reformation to take place in England? What major achievements did the Elizabethan [i,liz?'bi:θ?n] 伊丽莎白一世时代的era ['??r?] witness?英格兰革新的社会背景？伊丽莎白一世见证的成就？P28
In the Middle Ages, the Church had gained not only material importance, but also extensive power in politics and law. ﹙P28﹚ Elizabeth: Putting to rest the religious issues; Reducing the power of the old nobility;
Reaching farther than before through trade and adventure;
Defeating Armada at sea Cultural and artistic movements (the English Renaissance) 3. How did the English Civil War break out? What were the consequences of the war?英国内战如何爆发？结果如何？P29
The absolute rule of Charles I aroused the resistance of the people and the bourgeoisies. Charles took conteraction. He wanted to arrest Pym, Hampden and three other leaders of the Commons, but he failed to do so. So, he departed for the north, hoping to find supporters in the west and north districts. Thus the Civil War began. Consequences: The King Charles’s arm was defeated. Charles I was beheaded. In 1649, the House of Lords and the office of King were abolished and a Council of State was set to carry the executive work of the government, and England was declared a Commonwealth. Unit 4 P50
4. What are the characteristics of the British Constitution ?英国宪法的特点？P43
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