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你可能会发现他们所记住的东西不尽相 同，但或多或少都与老师的教学目的相关。

5 Effective reading requires you to vary your rate and style of reading according both to the type of reading material and your purpose in reading it.

有效的阅读需要你根据不同的阅读材料和阅读目的来变换阅读的速度和方式。

9 Translate the sentences into English.

1 老师很有可能不欣赏不会独立思考的学生。(not think much of …; think for oneself)

It is most likely that a teacher won’t think much of a student who cannot think for himself.

2 他上中学的时候，几乎没有什么人被鼓励去做科学实验，更谈不上接受这方面的训练了。(hardly; much less)

When he was in high school, hardly anyone had been encouraged, much less trained, to do scientific experiments.

3 嫉妒是由懒惰和无知造成的。(the result of …) Envy is the result of laziness and ignorance.

4 有些大学生是根据自己的专业来选择志愿服务的，而不是碰到什么就做什么。(volunteer job; rather than)

Rather than picking any volunteer job, some college students choose activities based on their majors.

5 最好的办法就是把学生分成若干小组，让他们针对具体的问题进行讨论。(break up … into …; focus on) The best approach is to break the students up into several groups so that they can focus their discussion on specific problems. UNIT4

Active reading (2)

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Dealing with unfamiliar words:

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 the distance from one side of an object to the other (breadth) 2 a hit or knock to a part of your body (bump)

3 slightly nervous, worried, or upset about something (uneasy) 4 strange and unusual, sometimes in a way that upsets you (weird) 5 thinking seriously about something (thoughtful)

6 a feeling that you do not understand something or cannot decide what to do (confusion)

7 the attitude of someone who is willing to accept someone else’s beliefs, way of life etc without criticizing them even if they disagree with them (tolerance)

8 the ability to notice things (awareness)

9 to include something as a necessary part of an activity, event or situation (involve)

5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.

When you meet people from other cultures, there will be many (1) times when somebody behaves in a way which you (2) notice as being unusual, but which is (3) acceptable in their culture. If it (4) attracts your (5) attention, it’s all right to (6) ask about cultural differences, because people are (7) usually happy to (8) reply. But don’t worry if you are unsure about what to do or what to say. Just remember that finding out about cultural differences should give you pleasure and not (9) unhappiness and discomfort.

Key: (1) occasions (2) perceive (3) conventional (4) arouses (5) curiosity

(6) inquire (7) generally (8) respond (9) misery Language in use

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1 Now rewrite the sentences using it + passive structure.

1 It was said that Russell Crowe couldn’t get a call out to Australia. 2 It is claimed that mobile phones have been the biggest factor of change in everyday behaviour in Britain over the past 15 years. 3 When told “Have a nice day!”, one Englishman was reported to have replied “I’m sorry, I’ve made other arrangements”.

4 It is suggested that it is unnecessary to say “Thank you” in Spanish as much as you do in English.

5 Disneyland is thought to be a typically American place. 6 Good communication is believed to be as stimulating as black coffee. over

2 Now rewrite the sentences using over.

1 During the ten years since 1997, mobile phone subscribers have risen to 55 million.

Over the ten years since 1997, mobile phone subscribers have risen to 55 million.

2 During the same period, the world has got smaller. Over the same period, the world has got smaller.

3 In the evening and during the weekend, his friends call him on his mobile.

In the evening and over the weekend, his friends call him on his mobile. 4 During the first few weeks of his stay in Italy, he felt he was walking backwards.

Over the first few weeks of his stay in Italy, he felt he was walking backwards.

emphatic structures with what

3 Now rewrite the sentences using the emphatic structure with what .

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1 Life can be solitary without a mobile phone. I rediscovered this. What I rediscovered was that life can be solitary without a mobile phone.

2 My mobile phone is an essential, not a luxury. I think this. What I think is that my mobile phone is essential, not a luxury. 3 The people who needed to, got hold of me. I found this. What I found was that the people who needed to, got hold of me. 4 People kiss each other four times. This happens in Paris. What happens in Paris is that people kiss each other four times. 5 By not saying “Thank you” so often, he was perceived to be rude. He didn’t understand this.

What he didn’t understand was that by not saying “Thank You” so often, he was perceived to be rude.

4 Translate the sentences into Chinese.

1.在过去的15年里，手机已成为改变英国人日常行为方式的最主要因素。据估计，目前英国手机用户

已超过5,500万，而在1997年还不足1,000万。

2. 现在有消息说，伦敦手机信号的覆盖范围将拓展延伸。以后，在伦敦的每一个角落都有手机信号， 就连地铁也不例外。

3 这个研究话题激起了我的兴趣，为此，我走遍了法国各地。

4 这些插曲、事件都包含着文化碰撞，让你感到好奇、愉悦，偶尔也会让你感到震惊或尴尬。

5 But it’s not a matter of knowing all the conventions and rituals in different cultures. It’s impossible to collect all the information you might need to be relaxed in the many different cultures around the world.（? 前一句若直译成“这不是了解不同文化中所有风俗习惯和礼仪的问题”恐怕不太好懂，最好意译。后一句的从句加大了翻译的难度，可以把

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