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transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources.

However, there are many barriers to knowledge transfer. For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge. People are less likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they don’t trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with. Cultural and language barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups. It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effecitvely, not to mention exchanging knowledge.

An underdeveloped economy is another barrier to knowledge transfer. The lack of socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor communications infrastructure, can greatly hinder the flow of knowledge within and between nations.

To remove these barriers, people should change their attitude towards knowledge transfer and the learning of foreign languages and cultures. At the same time, efforts should be made to develop a better world economy. (190 words) The Answers to Book4---Unit4 Enhance Your Language Awareness

(I) Working with Words and Expressions 1. (1) mass (2) gambled (3) voluntary (4) hunted

(5) classified (6) abolished (7) division (8) senseless (9) fashions (10)coordination (11) declarations (12) spanned (13)recommends/recommended (14)moderately (15) slightest 2. (1) stands/stood a chance (2) ruled out (3) worthy of

(4) gone through (5) in the strict sense (6) At a guess (7) earns a living (8) coincide with (9) gone in for (10) got their teeth into

(II) Increasing Your Word Power

1.(1) imaginary (2) congratulatory (3) Migratory (4)documentary (5) legendary (6) introductory (7) contradictory (8) explanatory 2. (1) vocation (2) posts (3) trade (4) job (5) work (6) profession (7)career (8) position

3. (2)lawyer (3)electrician (4) philosopher (5) musician (6) engineer (7) surgeon (8) cashier (9) photographer (10) biologist Grammar 1

(1) I don’t remember having borrowed/ borrowing anything from you. (2) She’ll stay here for a couple of weeks before going on to New York.

(3) The prospect of Profesor Smith’s coming to see us cheered us all. (4) Jim, a man of strong character, naturally didn’t give in.

(5) Arriving at the school gate, ha found his classmates had already assembled. 2

(1) He was afraid of falling behind the others..

(2) We were all amused at Henry’s running after the dog in his slippers.

(3) Have they informed you of the change in the plan ? (4) We’re greatful to you for having given us so much help. (5) We assured them of our willingness to cooperate with them. (III) Cloze

(1) enjoy (2)physical (3)compelled (4) necessity (5) support (6) mental (7) idealize (8) status (9) values

(10) classified (11) essential (12) mind (13) attitude (14) fortunate

(IV) Translation 1. Sentence translation

(1) As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign from the post of general manager of the company.

(2) She is very satisfied with her new job as it coincides with her interests.

(3) I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80

yuan.

(4) To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.

(5) The police have ruled out murder in the case of the old lady’s death. (6) The municipal government promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.

(7) I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg.

(8) If you can get the support of the majority of the girls, you stand a good chance of winning the election and becoming Chairman of the Students Union.

(9) Not all the books he wrote were as successful as this one so I recommend that you borrow it from the library and read it.

(10) At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang won the championship of the men’s 110-meter hurdles and broke the world record, which had been previously held by an American athlete.\\ 2. Paragraph translation

Some people think that they’ve fulfilled their tasks as long as they go on duty and come off duty on time. They never think about what is meant by “work” and why they should work at all. In fact, “work” involves such qualities as wisdom, enthusiam, imagination and creativity.

To do his work well, a worker must have a spirit of dedication, and be

capable of bearing hardships and standing hard work. In addition, he should have initiative and creativity. Having initiative means the worker should be ready to grasp every opportunity to display his outstanding ability.

In addition, a worker should make clear the nature and significance of the work he does, be responsible for whatever he is doing and plunge himself into the work with vigorous enthusiasm. If he can do so, he willl find a job no longer a burden but an indispensable part of his life. Whatever he does, he can always find values and pleasure in the work and achieve extraordinary results in otherwise ordinary work. The Answers to Book4---Unit5 Enhance Your Language Awareness

(I) Working with Words and Expressions 1. (1) fortune (2) dull (3) chased (4) launched (5) finance (6) reputation (7) liberty (8) publicity (9) sufficiently (10) sympathy (11) target (12) educate (13) commerce (14) alike (15) bored (16) audiences (17) regard (18) assure

2. (1) thrown out (2) and so on (3) for dear life (4) dedicate himself to (5) was tired of (6) turn away (7) hang on (8) for the sake of (II) Increasing Your Word Power